Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Equine Central Nervous System


Book Description

Abstract: Many diseases of the central nervous system share common pathophysiological processes, such as disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), inflammation and oxidative stress. In the last two decades it has become evident that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an essential role in many of these processes. Several studies have focused on the regulation and expression of these proteases in experimental models of neurologic diseases, revealing that inhibition of MMPs in early stages of disease has the potential to reduce the extent of damage to nervous tissue and improve functional neurologic recovery. Research is currently focusing on defining the role of MMP in specific neurologic conditions to determine whether MMP inhibitors would be appropriate in clinical settings. Selective MMP inhibitors are currently used in research settings. However, commonly used drugs, such as corticosteroids and tetracyclines, are non selective MMPs inhibitors which are used in horses with neurologic disease. These drugs may alter the outcome of said disease by modification of MMP activity. This first part of this work, a review of MMP role in central nervous system diseases, has been made in attempt to translate some of the knowledge from human and laboratory species to the equine species and explore possible treatment options in horses affected by neurologic diseases. In the second part, we evaluated MMP-9 activity in the CSF of 40 horses affected by neurologic diseases. On gelatin zymography all horses had low but present MMP-9 activity.




Equine Neurology


Book Description

Equine Neurology, Second Edition provides a fully updated new edition of the only equine-specific neurology book, with comprehensive, clinically oriented information. Offers a complete clinical reference to neurologic conditions in equine patients Takes a problem-based approach to present a clinically oriented perspective Presents new chapters on imaging the nervous system, neuronal physiology, sleep disorders, head shaking, differential diagnosis of muscle trembling and weakness, and cervical articular process joint disease Covers the basic principles of neurology, clinical topics such as the initial exam, differentials, and neuropathology, and specific conditions and disorders Includes access to a companion website offering video clips demonstrating presenting signs




Equine Infectious Diseases E-Book


Book Description

Ideal for both practitioners and students, this comprehensive resource covers the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infectious disease in horses. Organized by infectious agent — virus, bacterial and rickettsial, protazoal, and fungal — it includes complete coverage of the individual diseases caused by each type of agent. A section on clinical problems examines conditions such as ocular infections, CNS infections, and skin infections. It also addresses the importance of preventing and controlling infectious disease outbreaks with coverage of epidemiology, biosecurity, antimicrobial therapy, and recognizing foreign equine diseases. Full-color photos and illustrations provide clear, accurate representations of the clinical appearance of infectious diseases. Features the most recent information on the global threat of newly emergent diseases such as African Horse Sickness. Includes a comprehensive section on the prevention and control of infectious diseases. More than 60 expert contributors share their knowledge and expertise in equine infectious disease. A companion CD-ROM, packaged with the book, includes complete references linked to PubMed.




Infections of the Central Nervous System


Book Description

Der neue Band aus der Reihe International Society of Neuropathology wurde anlässlich der British Medical Association (BMA) Awards 2019 wärmstens empfohlen. Die Herausgeber sind Experten des Fachgebiets und beschreiben Infektionen des Nervensystems mit ihren klinischen, pathologischen und genetischen Eigenheiten. Auch seltene Erkrankungen werden in übersichtlichen Kapiteln erläutert, zusammen mit Definitionen, mikrobiologischen Eigenschaften, Epidemiologie, klinischen Ausprägungen, Labortests, Pathologie, Genetik und Behandlungsoptionen.




The Equine Hospital Manual


Book Description

The must-have resource drawing together all aspects of hospital care of the horse and specialist techniques in equine medicine. Written by a team of over 30 international experts working at the cutting edge of equine medicine and surgery. The emphasis is on practical, easy-to-access information, with a sound basis in evidence based medicine and full references for further enquiry. The Equine Hospital Manual covers the range of procedures used on hospitalized adult horses and foals from the simple to the advanced. The book is liberally illustrated with photographs and line drawings. Covering: Basic skills including physical examination, blood collection, and bandaging Advanced skills including mechanical ventilation, lung biopsy and cardiac output measurement Designing and setting up an equine hospital Biosecurity Therapeutic drugs used in horses and their doses Nutrition for hospital patients, including TPN and PPN Fluid therapy – choices, amounts and pitfalls Anaesthesia – equipment, techniques and post-operative care including analgesia Reflecting the substantial trend in recent years to treat horses in a hospital rather than in the field, this book provides all you need to know whether you have facilities to treat one or one hundred horses.




Equine Internal Medicine - E-Book


Book Description

Develop an essential understanding of the principles of equine disease with this one-of-a-kind, problem-based resource! Extensively revised and updated with contributions from an international team of experts, Equine Internal Medicine, 3rd Edition reflects the latest clinical research in equine medicine and focuses on the basic pathophysiologic mechanisms that underlie the development of various equine diseases to help you confidently diagnose, treat, and manage patient conditions. Problem-based approach outlines how to apply the latest clinical evidence directly to the conditions you’ll encounter in practice. Pathophysiology is emphasized throughout, providing a sound basis for discussions of the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis that follow. Body systems chapters begin with a thorough discussion of the diagnostic method appropriate to the system, including physical examination, clinical pathology, radiography, endoscopy, and ultrasonography. Flow charts, diagrams, and algorithms clarify complex material. Extensive content updates help you improve patient care with up-to-date research and clinical evidence across the full spectrum of equine practice, including: New sections on biofilm ahesins, resistance to phagocytosis, and host substrate utilization New information on changes in body weight Recent findings on fibrocoxib and diclofenac Expanded and reorganized coverage of critical care New material on inborn errors of metabolism and acquired myopathies Detailed treatment information on various disorders of the reproductive tract A new section on toxicoses causing signs related to liver disease or dysfunction Bound-in companion DVD includes more than 120 high-quality video clips that guide you through procedures related to the cardiovascular and neurologic systems.




Advances in Laminitis, Part II, An Issue of Veterinary Clinics: Equine Practice


Book Description

This issue is the second half of the topic on laminitis, one of the most challenging diseases for the equine clinician to treat. Articles include endocrinopathic metabolism, equine metabolic syndrome, hyperinsulinemic laminitis, pasture associated laminitis, corticosteroid associated laminitis, supporting limb laminitis, pharmacological basis for the treatment of endocrinopathic laminitis, pain management of chronic laminitis, chronic laminitis: larval therapy, chronic laminitis foot support: support shoes, pasture management, diet and exercise, herd management, and much more!







Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease5


Book Description

With over 2,000 full-color illustrations, Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease, 5th Edition provides complete coverage of both general pathology and pathology of organ systems in one convenient resource. In-depth explanations cover the responses of cells, tissues, and organs to injury and infection. Expert researchers James F. Zachary and M. Donald McGavin keep you up to date with the latest advances in cellular and molecular pathology plus expanded coverage of genetics and disease, incorporating the newest insights into the study of disease mechanisms, genesis, and progression. Already the leading reference for pathology, this edition also includes an enhanced website with images of less common diseases and and guidelines for performing a complete, systematic necropsy. Each chapter is consistently organized, presenting information on structure, function, portals of entry, defense mechanisms, responses to injury, and diseases organized by species.Full-color illustrations, schematics, flow charts, and diagrammatic representations of disease processes make it easier to understand difficult concepts.Discussions of pathologic processes and individual disorders are integrated with the latest established information available.Clear, up-to-date explanations of disease mechanisms describe the cell, tissue, and organ response to injury and infection.Over 20 recognized experts deliver the most relevant information, whether you're a practitioner, student, or preparing for the American College of Veterinary Pathology board examination. Updated content on cellular and organ system pathology provides the latest on the science of inflammation, cellular injury, molecular carcinogenesis, and pathogenesis.NEW topics include the genetic basis of disease, the monocyte-macrophage system, diseases of the ear, and disorders of ligaments and joints and of the peritoneum.NEW coverage of World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) reportable diseases ("foreign animal diseases") adds information on microorganisms that have catastrophic impact on livestock health and production.NEW Mechanisms of Microbial Infections chapter adds in-depth coverage of the means by which microbes encounter, colonize, and cause disease in animals in a chronological sequence of events.NEW and updated flow charts, schematic illustrations, and diagrams of disease processes summarize important information and clarify complex concepts. An enhanced companion website includes all the images from the book, plus additional images and schematic illustrations of common diseases; guidelines for performing a complete, systematic necropsy and appropriate sample acquisition for selected organ systems; and a glossary of terms to accompany selected organ systems.




Clinical Neuroimmunology


Book Description

Clinical Neuroimmunology: Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders serves as an indispensable resource for physicians interested in, and dealing with, this very complex and evolving branch of neurology. This comprehensive title provides an introduction to basic neuroimmunology and principles of immunotherapy and also serves as a thorough guide to immune-mediated disorders of the central and peripheral nervous system, as well as other systemic disorders with a significant neuroimmunologic component. The chapters are written by experts in their fields and include the most up to date scientific information. This volume is made to simplify complex immunological mechanisms and to focus on practical patient-related issues. Clinical Neuroimmunology: Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders is an invaluable addition to the literature and will be of significant interest to neurologists, residents and fellows, internists, and general practitioners who treat patients with neurologic disorders and other systemic autoimmune diseases.