Memory Development for Individuals with Down Syndrome
Author : Sue Buckley
Publisher : DSE Enterprises
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 15,7 MB
Release : 2001
Category : Children with disabilities
ISBN : 1903806089
Author : Sue Buckley
Publisher : DSE Enterprises
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 15,7 MB
Release : 2001
Category : Children with disabilities
ISBN : 1903806089
Author : Marie-Claude Potier
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 25,18 MB
Release : 2017-02-24
Category :
ISBN : 2889450457
Research on the multiple aspects of cognitive impairment in Down syndrome (DS), from genes to behavior to treatment, has made tremendous progress in the last decade. The study of congenital intellectual disabilities such as DS is challenging since they originate from the earliest stages of development and both the acquisition of cognitive skills and neurodegenerative pathologies are cumulative. Comorbidities such as cardiac malformations, sleep apnea, diabetes and dementia are frequent in the DS population, as well, and their increased risk provides a means of assessing early stages of these pathologies that is relevant to the general population. Notably, persons with DS will develop the histopathology of Alzheimer’s disease (formation of neuritic plaques and tangles) and are at high risk for dementia, something that cannot be predicted in the population at large. Identification of the gene encoding the amyloid precursor protein, its localization to chromosome 21 in the 90’s and realization that all persons with DS develop pathology identified this as an important piece of the amyloid cascade hypothesis in Alzheimer’s disease. Awareness of the potential role of people with DS in understanding progression and treatment as well as identification of genetic risk factors and also protective factors for AD is reawakening. For the first time since DS was recognized, major pharmaceutical companies have entered the search for ameliorative treatments, and phase II clinical trials to improve learning and memory are in progress. Enriched environment, brain stimulation and alternative therapies are being tested while clinical assessment is improving, thus increasing the chances of success for therapeutic interventions. Researchers and clinicians are actively pursuing the possibility of prenatal treatments for many conditions, an area with a huge potential impact for developmental disorders such as DS. Our goal here is to present an overview of recent advances with an emphasis on behavioral and cognitive deficits and how these issues change through life in DS. The relevance of comorbidities to the end phenotypes described and relevance of pharmacological targets and possible treatments will be considerations throughout.
Author : J. A. Rondal
Publisher :
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 49,3 MB
Release : 1996
Category : Education
ISBN :
This text provides a comprehensive and authoritative survey of what is currently known about the psychological, psychobiological and socio-educational aspects of Down's syndrome. Drawing together contributions from experts in the relevant fields, the text covers genetics, brain characteristics, ageing and Alzheimer's disease in relation to Down's syndrome, the life-span development of psychological functions (memory, oral and written language, cognition, learning, affectivity and psychopathology) and major socio-educational issues - school and society integration, and work for Down's syndrome persons. The book should be of interest to students, university teachers and professionals in the fields of psychology, psycholinguistics, genetics, neurology and special education.
Author : Charles Hulme
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 39,18 MB
Release : 2014-05-09
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 1317748433
"Working memory" is a term used to refer to the systems responsible for the temporary storage of information during the performance of cognitive tasks. The efficiency of working memory skills in children may place limitations on the learning and performance of educationally important skills such as reading, language comprehension and arithmetic. Originally published in 1992, this monograph considers the development of working memory skills in children with severe learning difficulties. These children have marked difficulties with a wide range of cognitive tasks. The studies reported show that they also experience profound difficulties in verbal working memory tasks. These memory problems are associated with a failure to rehearse information within an articulatory loop. Training the children to rehearse material is shown to help alleviate these problems. The implications of these studies for understanding normal memory development, and for models of the structure of working memory and its development are discussed. It is argued that the working memory deficits seen in people with severe learning difficulties may contribute to their difficulties on other cognitive tasks.
Author : Susan E. Gathercole
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 49,4 MB
Release : 2014-02-04
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 1317775287
This book evaluates the involvement of working memory in five central aspects of language processing: vocabulary acquisition, speech production, reading development, skilled reading, and comprehension. The authors draw upon experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence in a wide-ranging evaluation of the contribution of two components of working memory to each aspect of language. The two components are the phonological loop, which is specialised for the processing and maintenance of verbal material, and the general-purpose processing system of the central executive. A full introduction to the application of the working memory model to normal adults, neuropsychological patients and children is provided in the two opening chapters. Non-experts within this area will find these chapters particularly useful in providing a clear statement of the current theoretical and empirical status of the working memory model. Each of the following chapters examines the involvement of working memory in one specialised aspect of language processing, in each case integrating the available experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence. The book will therefore be of direct relevance to researchers interested in both language processing and memory. Working Memory and Language is unique in that it draws together findings from normal adults, brain-damaged patients, and children. For each of these populations, working memory involvement in language processing ranging from the speech production to comprehension are evaluated. Working Memory and Language provides a comprehensive analysis of just what roles working memory does play in the processing of language.
Author : Silvia Lanfranchi
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 17,91 MB
Release : 2016-08-05
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 2889198979
The last forty years of research have demonstrated that working memory (WM) is a key concept for understanding higher-order cognition. To give an example, WM is involved in reading comprehension, problem solving and reasoning, but also in a number of everyday life activities. It has a clear role in the case of atypical development too. For instance, numerous studies have shown an impairment in WM in individuals with learning disabilities (LD) or intellectual disabilities (ID); and several researchers have hypothesized that this can be linked to their difficulties in learning, cognition and everyday life. The latest challenge in the field concerns the trainability of WM. If it is a construct central to our understanding of cognition in typical and atypical development, then specific intervention to sustain WM performance might also promote changes in cognitive processes associated with WM. The idea that WM can be modified is debated, however, partly because of the theoretical implications of this view, and partly due to the generally contradictory results obtained so far. In fact, most studies converge in demonstrating specific effects of WM training, i.e. improvements in the trained tasks, but few transfer effects to allied cognitive processes are generally reported. It is worth noting that any maintenance effects (when investigated) are even more meagre. In addition, a number of methodological concerns have been raised in relation to the use of: 1. single tasks to assess the effects of a training program; 2. WM tasks differing from those used in the training to assess the effects of WM training; and 3. passive control groups. These and other crucial issues have so far prevented any conclusions from being drawn on the efficacy of WM training. Bearing in mind that the opportunity to train WM could have a huge impact in the educational and clinical settings, it seems fundamentally important to shed more light on the limits and potential of this line of research. The aim of the research discussed here is to generate new evidence on the feasibility of training WM in individuals with LD and ID. There are several questions that could be raised in this field. For a start, can WM be trained in this population? Are there some aspects of WM that can be trained more easily than others? Can a WM training reduce the impact of LD and ID on learning outcomes, and on everyday living? What kind of training program is best suited to the promotion of such changes?
Author : Sue Buckley
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 44,95 MB
Release : 2024-01-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 2832542859
Author : Jacob A. Burack
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 681 pages
File Size : 38,32 MB
Release : 2023-05-28
Category : Education
ISBN : 019064544X
"The chapter traces some key historical developments in the field of Down syndrome. After describing general issues of classification in intellectual disabilities, we describe Langdon Down's identification of the syndrome in the 1860s; the movement to name the syndrome after Down; the identification of trisomy 21 as the syndrome's cause; and the beginnings of sustained research attention to the syndrome. We end with a glimpse into the future, discussing issues of longer life spans, more integrated lives, and the roles of families, organizations, and self-advocates. Working together, researchers, practitioners, and individuals and their families can all continue to advance the lives of persons with Down syndrome"--
Author : Sue Buckley
Publisher : DSE Enterprises
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 38,15 MB
Release : 2001
Category : Children with disabilities
ISBN : 190380602X
Offers an introduction to the development of infants with Down syndrome. Drawing on the research, this book examines many aspects of development during the early years, and is a useful reference for families and professionals caring for young children with Down syndrome.
Author : Lucy Henry
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 10,85 MB
Release : 2011-11-04
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 1446291057
Using the highly influential working memory framework as a guide, this textbook provides a clear comparison of the memory development of typically developing children with that of atypical children. The emphasis on explaining methodology throughout the book gives students a real understanding about the way experiments are carried out and how to critically evaluate experimental research. The first half of the book describes the working memory model and goes on to consider working memory development in typically developing children. The second half of the book considers working memory development in several different types of atypical populations who have intellectual disabilities and/or developmental disorders. In addition, the book considers how having a developmental disorder and/or intellectual disabilities may have separate or combined effects on the development of working memory. The Development of Working Memory in Children is for undergraduate and postgraduate students taking courses in development/child psychology, cognitive development and developmental disorders.