MEMS Barometers Toward Vertical Position Detection


Book Description

Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS) sensors constitute perhaps the most exciting technology of our age. The present effort incorporates all the information needed by scientists and engineers who work on research projects and/or product systems, which apply to air pressure acquisition and to its rearrangement into altitude data. Some of the potential implementations of this method (regularly referred to as barometric altimetry) include, but are not limited to, Position Location Application, Navigation Systems, Clinical Monitoring Applications, and Aircraft Instrumentation. This book holds the key to such applications, providing readers with the theoretical basis as well as the practical perspective of the subject matter. At first, the reader is introduced to the background theory, methods, and applications of barometric altimetry. Thereafter, the book incorporates the development of wireless barometers and a (real-time monitoring) wireless sensor network system for scheduling low-cost experimental observations. Finally, a deepened understanding to the analysis procedure of pressure measurements (using Matlab script code) is performed. Some accompanying material can be found at http://bit.ly/mems-files.




MEMS Barometers Toward Vertical Position Detection: Background Theory, System Prototyping, and Measurement Analysis


Book Description

Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS) sensors constitute perhaps the most exciting technology of our age. The present effort incorporates all the information needed byscientists and engineers who work on research projects and/or product systems, which apply to air pressure acquisition and to its rearrangement into altitude data. Some of the potential implementations of this method (regularly referred to as barometric altimetry) include, but are not limited to, Position Location Application, Navigation Systems, Clinical Monitoring Applications, and Aircraft Instrumentation. This book holds the key to such applications, providing readers with the theoretical basis as well as the practical perspective of the subject matter. At first, the reader is introduced to the background theory, methods, and applications of barometric altimetry. Thereafter, the book incorporates the development of wireless barometers and a (real time monitoring) wireless sensor network system for scheduling low-cost experimental observations. Finally, a deepened understanding to the analysis procedure of pressure measurements (using Matlab script code) is performed.




Towards Analytical Chaotic Evolutions in Brusselators


Book Description

The Brusselator is a mathematical model for autocatalytic reaction, which was proposed by Ilya Prigogine and his collaborators at the Université Libre de Bruxelles. The dynamics of the Brusselator gives an oscillating reaction mechanism for an autocatalytic, oscillating chemical reaction. The Brusselator is a slow-fast oscillating chemical reaction system. The traditional analytical methods cannot provide analytical solutions of such slow-fast oscillating reaction, and numerical simulations cannot provide a full picture of periodic evolutions in the Brusselator. In this book, the generalized harmonic balance methods are employed for analytical solutions of periodic evolutions of the Brusselator with a harmonic diffusion. The bifurcation tree of period-1 motion to chaos of the Brusselator is presented through frequency-amplitude characteristics, which be measured in frequency domains. Two main results presented in this book are: • analytical routes of periodical evolutions to chaos and • independent period-(2𝑙 + 1) evolution to chaos. This book gives a better understanding of periodic evolutions to chaos in the slow-fast varying Brusselator system, and the bifurcation tree of period-1 evolution to chaos is clearly demonstrated, which can help one understand routes of periodic evolutions to chaos in chemical reaction oscillators. The slow-fast varying systems extensively exist in biological systems and disease dynamical systems. The methodology presented in this book can be used to investigate the slow-fast varying oscillating motions in biological systems and disease dynamical systems for a better understanding of how infectious diseases spread.




Sequential Bifurcation Trees to Chaos in Nonlinear Time-Delay Systems


Book Description

In this book, the global sequential scenario of bifurcation trees of periodic motions to chaos in nonlinear dynamical systems is presented for a better understanding of global behaviors and motion transitions for one periodic motion to another one. A 1-dimensional (1-D), time-delayed, nonlinear dynamical system is considered as an example to show how to determine the global sequential scenarios of the bifurcation trees of periodic motions to chaos. All stable and unstable periodic motions on the bifurcation trees can be determined. Especially, the unstable periodic motions on the bifurcation trees cannot be achieved from the traditional analytical methods, and such unstable periodic motions and chaos can be obtained through a specific control strategy. The sequential periodic motions in such a 1-D time-delayed system are achieved semi-analytically, and the corresponding stability and bifurcations are determined by eigenvalue analysis. Each bifurcation tree of a specific periodic motion to chaos are presented in detail. The bifurcation tree appearance and vanishing are determined by the saddle-node bifurcation, and the cascaded period-doubled periodic solutions are determined by the period-doubling bifurcation. From finite Fourier series, harmonic amplitude and harmonic phases for periodic motions on the global bifurcation tree are obtained for frequency analysis. Numerical illustrations of periodic motions are given for complex periodic motions in global bifurcation trees. The rich dynamics of the 1-D, delayed, nonlinear dynamical system is presented. Such global sequential periodic motions to chaos exist in nonlinear dynamical systems. The frequency-amplitude analysis can be used for re-construction of analytical expression of periodic motions, which can be used for motion control in dynamical systems.




Introduction to Deep Learning for Engineers


Book Description

This book provides a short introduction and easy-to-follow implementation steps of deep learning using Google Cloud Platform. It also includes a practical case study that highlights the utilization of Python and related libraries for running a pre-trained deep learning model. In recent years, deep learning-based modeling approaches have been used in a wide variety of engineering domains, such as autonomous cars, intelligent robotics, computer vision, natural language processing, and bioinformatics. Also, numerous real-world engineering applications utilize an existing pre-trained deep learning model that has already been developed and optimized for a related task. However, incorporating a deep learning model in a research project is quite challenging, especially for someone who doesn't have related machine learning and cloud computing knowledge. Keeping that in mind, this book is intended to be a short introduction of deep learning basics through the example of a practical implementation case. The audience of this short book is undergraduate engineering students who wish to explore deep learning models in their class project or senior design project without having a full journey through the machine learning theories. The case study part at the end also provides a cost-effective and step-by-step approach that can be replicated by others easily.




Microcontroller Education


Book Description

Microcontroller education has experienced tremendous change in recent years. This book attempts to keep pace with the most recent technology while holding an opposing attitude to the No Need to Reinvent the Wheel philosophy. The choice strategies are in agreement with the employment of today's flexible and low-cost Do-It-Yourself (DYI) microcontroller hardware, along with an embedded C programming approach able to be adapted by different hardware and software development platforms. Modern embedded C compilers employ built-in features for keeping programs short and manageable and, hence, speeding up the development process. However, those features eliminate the reusability of the source code among diverse systems. The recommended programming approach relies on the motto Code More to Learn Even More, and directs the reader toward a low-level accessibility of the microcontroller device. The examples addressed herein are designed to meet the demands of Electrical & Electronic Engineering discipline, where the microcontroller learning processes definitely bear the major responsibility. The programming strategies are in line with the two virtues of C programming language, that is, the adaptability of the source code and the low-level accessibility of the hardware system.




Solving Practical Engineering Mechanics Problems


Book Description

Engineering Mechanics is one of the fundamental branches of science which is important in the education of professional engineers of any major. Most of the basic engineering courses, such as mechanics of materials, fluid and gas mechanics, machine design, mechatronics, acoustics, vibrations, etc. are based on Engineering Mechanics course. In order to absorb the materials of Engineering Mechanics, it is not enough to consume just theoretical laws and theorems—student also must develop an ability to solve practical problems. Therefore, it is necessary to solve many problems independently. This book is a part of a four-book series designed to supplement the Engineering Mechanics courses in the principles required to solve practical engineering problems in the following branches of mechanics: Statics, Kinematics, Dynamics, and Advanced Kinetics. Each book contains 6-8 topics on its specific branch and each topic features 30 problems to be assigned as homework, tests, and/or midterm/final exams with the consent of the instructor. A solution of one similar sample problem from each topic is provided. This second book in the series contains six topics of Kinematics, the branch of mechanics that is concerned with the analysis of motion of both particle and rigid bodies without reference to the cause of the motion. This book targets undergraduate students at the sophomore/junior level majoring in science and engineering.




Instrumentation: Theory and Practice Part II


Book Description

The use of sensors and instrumentation for measuring and control is growing at a very rapid rate in all facets of life in today's world. This Part II of Instrumentation: Theory and Practice is designed to provide the reader with essential knowledge regarding a broad spectrum of sensors and transducers and their applications. This textbook is intended for use as an introductory one-semester course at the junior level of an undergraduate program. It is also very relevant for technicians, engineers, and researchers who had no formal training in instrumentation and wish to engage in experimental measurements. The prerequisites are: a basic knowledge of multivariable calculus, introductory physics, college algebra, and a familiarity with basic electrical circuits and components. This book emphasizes the use of simplified electrical circuits to convert the change in the measured physical variable into a voltage output signal. In each chapter, relevant sensors and their operation are presented and discussed at a fundamental level and are integrated with the essential mathematical theory in a simplified form. The book is richly illustrated with colored figures and images. End-of-chapter examples and problems complement the text in a simple and straight forward manner.




Solving Practical Engineering Problems in Engineering Mechanics


Book Description

Engineering Mechanics is one of the fundamental branches of science that is important in the education of professional engineers of any major. Most of the basic engineering courses, such as mechanics of materials, fluid and gas mechanics, machine design, mechatronics, acoustics, vibrations, etc. are based on an Engineering Mechanics course. In order to absorb the materials of Engineering Mechanics, it is not enough to consume just theoretical laws and theorems—a student also must develop an ability to solve practical problems. Therefore, it is necessary to solve many problems independently. This book is a part of a four-book series designed to supplement the Engineering Mechanics courses in the principles required to solve practical engineering problems in the following branches of mechanics: Statics, Kinematics, Dynamics, and Advanced Kinetics. Each book contains 6-8 topics on its specific branch and each topic features 30 problems to be assigned as homework, tests, and/or midterm/final exams with the consent of the instructor. A solution of one similar sample problem from each topic is provided. This third book in the series contains seven topics on Dynamics, the branch of mechanics that is concerned with the relation existing between the forces acting on the objects and the motion of these objects. This book targets undergraduate students at the sophomore/junior level majoring in science and engineering.




Machine Design for Technology Students


Book Description

This book is intended for students taking a Machine Design course leading to a Mechanical Engineering Technology degree. It can be adapted to a Machine Design course for Mechanical Engineering students or used as a reference for adopting systems engineering into a design course. The book introduces the fundamentals of systems engineering, the concept of synthesis, and the basics of trade-off studies. It covers the use of a functional flow block diagram to transform design requirements into the design space to identify all success modes. The book discusses fundamental stress analysis for structures under axial, torsional, or bending loads. In addition, the book discusses the development of analyzing shafts under combined loads by using Mohr’s circle and failure mode criterion. Chapter 3 provides an overview of fatigue and the process to develop the shaft-sizing equations under dynamic loading conditions. Chapter 4 discusses power equations and the nomenclature and stress analysis for spur and straight bevel gears and equations for analyzing gear trains. Other machine component topics include derivation of the disc clutch and its relationship to compression springs, derivation of the flat belt equations, roller and ball bearing life equations, roller chains, and keyways. Chapter 5 introduces the area of computational machine design and provides codes for developing simple and powerful computational methods to solve: cross product required to calculate the torques and bending moments on shafts, 1D stress analysis, reaction loads on support bearings, Mohr’s circle, shaft sizing under dynamic loading, and cone clutch. The final chapter shows how to integrate Systems Engineering into machine design for a capstone project as a project-based collaborative design methodology. The chapter shows how each design requirement is transformed through the design space to identify the proper engineering equations.