Reducing Risks for Mental Disorders


Book Description

The understanding of how to reduce risk factors for mental disorders has expanded remarkably as a result of recent scientific advances. This study, mandated by Congress, reviews those advances in the context of current research and provides a targeted definition of prevention and a conceptual framework that emphasizes risk reduction. Highlighting opportunities for and barriers to interventions, the book draws on successful models for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, injuries, and smoking. In addition, it reviews the risk factors associated with Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, alcohol abuse and dependence, depressive disorders, and conduct disorders and evaluates current illustrative prevention programs. The models and examination provide a framework for the design, application, and evaluation of interventions intended to prevent mental disorders and the transfer of knowledge about prevention from research to clinical practice. The book presents a focused research agenda, with recommendations on how to develop effective intervention programs, create a cadre of prevention researchers, and improve coordination among federal agencies.




Relieving Pain in America


Book Description

Chronic pain costs the nation up to $635 billion each year in medical treatment and lost productivity. The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act required the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to enlist the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in examining pain as a public health problem. In this report, the IOM offers a blueprint for action in transforming prevention, care, education, and research, with the goal of providing relief for people with pain in America. To reach the vast multitude of people with various types of pain, the nation must adopt a population-level prevention and management strategy. The IOM recommends that HHS develop a comprehensive plan with specific goals, actions, and timeframes. Better data are needed to help shape efforts, especially on the groups of people currently underdiagnosed and undertreated, and the IOM encourages federal and state agencies and private organizations to accelerate the collection of data on pain incidence, prevalence, and treatments. Because pain varies from patient to patient, healthcare providers should increasingly aim at tailoring pain care to each person's experience, and self-management of pain should be promoted. In addition, because there are major gaps in knowledge about pain across health care and society alike, the IOM recommends that federal agencies and other stakeholders redesign education programs to bridge these gaps. Pain is a major driver for visits to physicians, a major reason for taking medications, a major cause of disability, and a key factor in quality of life and productivity. Given the burden of pain in human lives, dollars, and social consequences, relieving pain should be a national priority.




Healing


Book Description

A bold, expert, and actionable map for the re-invention of America’s broken mental health care system. “Healing is truly one of the best books ever written about mental illness, and I think I’ve read them all." —Pete Earley, author of Crazy As director of the National Institute of Mental Health, Dr. Thomas Insel was giving a presentation when the father of a boy with schizophrenia yelled from the back of the room, “Our house is on fire and you’re telling me about the chemistry of the paint! What are you doing to put out the fire?” Dr. Insel knew in his heart that the answer was not nearly enough. The gargantuan American mental health industry was not healing millions who were desperately in need. He left his position atop the mental health research world to investigate all that was broken—and what a better path to mental health might look like. In the United States, we have treatments that work, but our system fails at every stage to deliver care well. Even before COVID, mental illness was claiming a life every eleven minutes by suicide. Quality of care varies widely, and much of the field lacks accountability. We focus on drug therapies for symptom reduction rather than on plans for long-term recovery. Care is often unaffordable and unavailable, particularly for those who need it most and are homeless or incarcerated. Where was the justice for the millions of Americans suffering from mental illness? Who was helping their families? But Dr. Insel also found that we do have approaches that work, both in the U.S. and globally. Mental illnesses are medical problems, but he discovers that the cures for the crisis are not just medical, but social. This path to healing, built upon what he calls the three Ps (people, place, and purpose), is more straightforward than we might imagine. Dr. Insel offers a comprehensive plan for our failing system and for families trying to discern the way forward. The fruit of a lifetime of expertise and a global quest for answers, Healing is a hopeful, actionable account and achievable vision for us all in this time of mental health crisis.







Propagations


Book Description

Here is a work of profound clinical scope from some of the foremost leaders in psychology. Propagations: Thirty Years of Influence From the Mental Research Institute, written by alumni and disciples of the Institute (MRI), is not just a compliment to the MRI influence, but also a way for readers to discover and savor the important contributions of those influenced by the MRI. The book contains the cutting edge thinking of some of the most respected clinicians from across the globe. The authors describe their application of ideas pioneered at the MRI, demonstrating its broad influence on present day leaders of family and brief therapy. Chapters range from the theoretical to the case study, tied together by the theme of how this amazing institute has widely impacted therapeutic thought. The book clarifies the depth and power of the MRI influence, which extends to theory, all aspects of psychotherapy practice, other professions, and other lands. Propagations offers outstanding conceptualizations, teaching, writing, and clinical and non-clinical therapy ideas that are immediately useful to clinicians, academic researchers, students, and other individuals interested in how people change. The book’s introduction provides background information on MRI and includes a condensed transcript of a “trialog” which took place between Jules Riskin, Paul Watzlawick, and John Weakland conveying MRI’s origins, traditions, and ethos. Propagations then breaks into four sections. Influencing Fields of Interest and Viewpoints examines MRI influence beyond the specific field of psychotherapy. Influences on Clinical Work looks at MRI’s influence on professional groups and contains clinicians’reflections on how contact with MRI theory and practice has influenced their work. Changes in Venue shows utilization of MRI approaches across cultural and professional borders, while The Outer Reaches looks beyond the specifics of psychotherapy. This inviting book reflects a wide variety of approaches, styles, and subjects, and ranges from preliminary musings to formal reports. This diversity offers a useful example of how new ideas and related practices develop and diversify from a broad common core. Readers can discover how interactional principles are being implemented in different nations, practice settings, and theoretical applications. Family and brief therapists, counselors and counselor educators, and professionals in related fields will find Propagations a source of useful information, thoughtful recollection, and stimulation for future activities.




Encyclopedia of Couple and Family Therapy


Book Description

This authoritative reference assembles prominent international experts from psychology, social work, and counseling to summarize the current state of couple and family therapy knowledge in a clear A-Z format. Its sweeping range of entries covers major concepts, theories, models, approaches, intervention strategies, and prominent contributors associated with couple and family therapy. The Encyclopedia provides family and couple context for treating varied problems and disorders, understanding special client populations, and approaching emerging issues in the field, consolidating this wide array of knowledge into a useful resource for clinicians and therapists across clinical settings, theoretical orientations, and specialties. A sampling of topics included in the Encyclopedia: Acceptance versus behavior change in couple and family therapy Collaborative and dialogic therapy with couples and families Integrative treatment for infidelity Live supervision in couple and family therapy Postmodern approaches in the use of genograms Split alliance in couple and family therapy Transgender couples and families The first comprehensive reference work of its kind, the Encyclopedia of Couple and Family Therapy incorporates seven decades of innovative developments in the fields of couple and family therapy into one convenient resource. It is a definitive reference for therapists, psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors, whether couple and family therapy is their main field or one of many modalities used in practice.




Methods for Disaster Mental Health Research


Book Description

The editors have done a marvelous job of creating an instructive and well-written book that is a must read for anyone who conducts disaster-related mental health research or who is involved in recovery planning and public health practice. For students, professionals, researchers, and policymakers, the book provides a solid foundation in research methods and includes wonderful explanations. I wholeheartedly recommend this book as a standard text for disaster research. It supplies the framework for good data collection, and good data are what support sound policy decisions."--CDR Dori B. Reissman, MD, MPH, U.S. Public Health Service and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention This authoritative book will be of interest to anyone involved in studying the mental health consequences of large-scale traumatic events or in measuring the effectiveness of postdisaster interventions. The book considers disasters from different perspectives and translates their chaotic aftermath into feasible research ideas and approaches. Contributing authors, all experienced researchers and practitioners, present a wide range of methods and strategies used in epidemiology, program evaluation, and public mental health planning in the aftermath of natural or technological disasters and terrorism. Descriptions of exemplary studies bring to life the associated logistical and scientific challenges and show how these challenges can be addressed using high-quality research designs.




Clinical Research in Mental Health


Book Description

The philosophy behind this research methods text is to provide practical, how-to guidance in an accessible format. The authors hope to reach clinical students and postdoctoral trainees at the early stages of training to muster excitement by showing that research need not be either dull or threatening. Their goal is to "demystify the research process," with a style that is informative yet easy-to-read, humorous, and user friendly. One of our reviewers puts it best when he describes the book as "a true 'paperback' research mentor." The authors hope to hook students on research early in their studies so that they see it as a natural extension of their work rather than as drudgery to be endured just to get a degree. The ultimate hope is that this will lead to more direct-care practitioners getting involved in research after they leave school. This book is also different from any other on the subject in being problem oriented. It will emphasize research methods that are appropriate to most clinical settings and will deal with many issues of clinical research that are often ignored by other research methods books.




Research Training in Psychiatry Residency


Book Description

The number of psychiatric researchers does not seem to be keeping pace with the needs and opportunities that exist in brain and behavioral medicine. An Institute of Medicine committee conducted a broad review of the state of patient-oriented research training in the context of the psychiatry residency and considered the obstacles to such training and strategies for overcoming those obstacles. Careful consideration was given to the demands of clinical training. The committee concluded that barriers to research training span three categories: regulatory, institutional, and personal factors. Recommendations to address these issues are presented in the committee’s report, including calling for research literacy requirements and research training curricula tailored to psychiatry residency programs of various sizes. The roles of senior investigators and departmental leadership are emphasized in the report, as is the importance of longitudinal training (e.g., from medical school through residency and fellowship). As there appears to be great interest among numerous stakeholders and a need for better tracking data, an overarching recommendation calls for the establishment of a national body to coordinate and evaluate the progress of research training in psychiatry.




Advances in School-based Mental Health Interventions


Book Description

Leading experts in the field bring you the latest research, practical programming ideas and intervention strategies... * Key components in successful school-based service delivery * Evidence-based clinical services * Funding sources and strategies * How to build effective, collaborative interagency relationships * Solutions to the barriers of misunderstanding and stigma * Effective family interventions ... and show you how "real world" programs are successfully being implemented in a broad variety of service delivery systems.