Mercury Hazards to Living Organisms


Book Description

Complex and ever changing in its forms and functions, the element mercury follows a convoluted course through the environment and up the food chain. The process is complicated further by the fact that the difference between tolerable natural background levels and harmful effects in the environment is exceptionally small and still not completely und







Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury


Book Description

Mercury is widespread in our environment. Methylmercury, one organic form of mercury, can accumulate up the aquatic food chain and lead to high concentrations in predatory fish. When consumed by humans, contaminated fish represent a public health risk. Combustion processes, especially coal-fired power plants, are major sources of mercury contamination in the environment. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is considering regulating mercury emissions from those plants. Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury reviews the health effects of methylmercury and discusses the estimation of mercury exposure from measured biomarkers, how differences between individuals affect mercury toxicity, and appropriate statistical methods for analysis of the data and thoroughly compares the epidemiological studies available on methylmercury. Included are discussions of current mercury levels on public health and a delineation of the scientific aspects and policy decisions involved in the regulation of mercury. This report is a valuable resource for individuals interested in the public health effects and regulation of mercury. The report also provides an excellent example of the implications of decisions in the risk assessment process for a larger audience.




A Poisonous Mix


Book Description

This 108-page report reveals that children as young as six dig mining shafts, work underground, pull up heavy weights of ore, and carry, crush, and pan ore. Many children also work with mercury, a toxic substance, to separate the gold from the ore. Mercury attacks the central nervous system and is particularly harmful to children.




Lead and Mercury Poisoning Due to Artisanal Gold Mining in Nigeria


Book Description

A motivation to writing this book was as a result of a reported case of lead poisoning from Anka area of Zamfara State, north western Nigeria which became a matter of public concern in 2010 which led to the dead of over 400 people including children. Since then widespread Artisanal gold mining and associated Pb-Zn sulphide ore has continued unhindered without adhering to best practices in mining with adverse environmental and human health consequences. Lead and Mercury released into the environment through this activity constitute serious human health hazards and has led to the extreme contamination of the top soils and subsequently sources of drinking water thereby contaminating them. The book's main goal, apart from raising awareness, is to contribute towards reducing the environmental and health impact of artisanal mining in the affected areas so as secure a quality of environment adequate for good health and well-being of the surrounding mining communities.




Small-scale Gold Mining in the Amazon


Book Description







Medical Geology in Mining


Book Description

This book discusses a wide range of health-related mining issues, with particular reference to occupational diseases, metal toxicity, postural injuries in miners, modern fire safety controls, noise-induced hearing loss prevention, and noise mapping. Mining plays a central role in the development of modern civilization. By providing the essential raw materials, mining ensures progress, safety, and comfort of people. However, this necessary activity comes with several woes, the most important of which are occupational health hazards. Mines act as sources of constant danger and risk to the miners irrespective of the scale of mining, such as large-scale industrial mining or small-scale artisanal mining. Not only are there accidents, but continuous exposure to dust, metal toxicity, hazardous gases and fumes, and loud noises, giving rise to a variety of diseases to mine workers. The comprehensive coverage of issues and the case studies will make this book an essential reference and critical reading. Medical geology is a necessary discipline in earth sciences. Unfortunately, not much literature is available on this subject. Therefore, this book is essential for practicing engineers and supervisors in mines, health and safety professionals, researchers, and mining industry students.