Minority Depository Institutions


Book Description

In the fall of 2011, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) announced a Community Banking Initiative focused on understanding the evolution of U.S. community banks over the past 25 years and the challenges and opportunities faced by this segment of the banking industry. Under this initiative, the FDIC hosted roundtable discussions across the country; undertook a review of its examination, rulemaking, and guidance processes; developed a technical assistance video program for bank directors, officers, and employ-ees; and completed the FDIC Community Banking Study. In 2013, FDIC Chairman Martin Gruenberg announced that the FDIC would undertake a similar study of minority depository institutions (MDIs) and FDIC-insured community development financial institutions (CDFIs). Chairman Gruenberg described the important mission of MDIs and FDIC-insured CDFIs by noting, "Minority and CDFI banks play a vital role. Your mission is important. You provide responsible banking services to those who might not otherwise have access to a bank. And, you serve some of the most challenging markets in the country. One way we can contribute to your efforts is by conducting research specifically on MDI and CDFI institutions-to better understand the role they play in our financial system and in our communities." This study carries out this goal by building on analytical work discussed at the June 2013 Interagency MDI/CDFI Bank Conference, starting with a description of MDIs and FDIC-insured CDFIs and where these institutions are located. The remainder of the study is primarily focused on MDIs, for which the FDIC has historical data, exploring how this segment of the financial services industry has changed over time, how MDIs have performed financially, and the extent to which MDIs have achieved their mission in serving the needs of their community. It is important to note that when discussing CDFIs, the report focuses on the small share of CDFIs that are FDIC-insured, rather than all CDFIs.




Minority Depository Institutions


Book Description

Minority depository institutions (MDIs) are a small but important subset of the nation's community banks. MDIs are federally insured depository institutions where 51% or more of the voting stock is owned by minority individuals. The categories of minority depository institutions are Black or African American, Native or Alaskan Native American, Hispanic American, Asian or Pacific Island American, and Multi-Racial American. For the purposes of determining minority ownership, the institution's voting stock must be held by U.S. citizens or permanent legal U.S. residents. In addition, institutions will be considered MDIs if a majority of the Board of Directors is minority and the community served by the institutions is predominantly minority.




Preserving and Expanding Minority Banks


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National Credit Union Administration Minority Depository Institutions Annual Report


Book Description

The National Credit Union Administration is pleased to transmit the Second Annual Report to Congress on Minority Depository Institutions for the reporting period of July 1, 2013, through June 30, 2014. The report is submitted pursuant to Section 367 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) which requires NCUA to dedicate efforts toward preserving and encouraging minority depository institutions. NCUA is also required to document its efforts to achieve the policy goals set forth in Section 367 of the Dodd-Frank Act. Additionally, this report contains analyses of the composition and financial performance of minority depository institutions during this same time period. As of June 30, 2014, NCUA supervised 688 minority depository institutions, representing nearly 11 percent of all federally insured credit unions. These minority-owned and managed credit unions play a vital role in their communities because they are frequently the only federally insured institutions serving low-to-moderate income, underserved, and unbanked populations. Otherwise, low-to-moderate income consumers and businesses would have to use non-traditional venues, such as payday lenders, check cashers, pawn shops and title loans to address their financial needs. As a result, these minority depository institutions play a vital role in meeting the financial needs of growing populations of minorities, such as Hispanic Americans and Asian Americans, and historically underserved communities, such as Black Americans. Recognizing the importance of minority depository institutions and the unique challenges they often face in serving their communities, NCUA is taking proactive steps toward preserving and encouraging minority depository institutions through its Office of Minority and Women Inclusion. Established in January 2011, OMWI is charged with the responsibility of establishing and administering a program to preserve and encourage new minority depository institutions regulated by NCUA. NCUA is also in the process of finalizing the proposed Minority Depository Institution Preservation Program Interpretative Ruling and Policy Statement, outlining the agency's initiatives to preserve minority depository institutions.




Minority Banks


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Let Us Put Our Money Together


Book Description

Generally, books addressing the early history of African American banks have done so either within the larger construct of African American business history and economic development, or as a starting point to explore current issues related to financial services. Focused considerations of these early institutions and their founders have been relatively rare and somewhat scattered. This publication seeks to address this issue.