Molecular Nutrition and Mitochondria


Book Description

Molecular Nutrition and Mitochondria: Metabolic Deficits, Whole-Diet Interventions, and Targeted Nutraceuticals provides a comprehensive examination of molecular aspects of mitochondrial nutrition and how dietary compounds might impact the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction. Beginning with an overview of the fundamentals of mitochondria physiology and the methods used to evaluate mitochondrial imbalance in clinical practice, the book goes on to outline nutritional shortfalls in mitochondrial dysfunction and highlights the complex intra-organelle milieu affecting interactions between food compounds and mitochondrial co-factors, metabolites, and signaling molecules. Further sections explore the impact of essential nutrients, such as vitamin E, fatty acids, and complex lipids, on mitochondrial biogenesis, as well as non-essential bioactive compounds originating from food that can be evaluated for their mitochondria-modulating potential, such as mitochondria-targeted small molecule antioxidants, plant-based pigments and organic compounds, nucleotides, non-proteogenic amino acids and derivatives, and mitochondria-specific enzyme mimetics from food. Molecular Nutrition and Mitochondria covers the key impacts of nutrition on mitochondria, and is the ideal reference for researchers, students and clinicians looking to develop an in-depth understanding of how dietary compounds can prevent and treat disorders associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. - Describes the fundamentals of mitochondria physiology and considers the methods used to evaluate mitochondrial imbalance in clinical practice - Provides broad biochemical and metabolic background on nutritional deficits found in mitochondrial dysfunction - Explores the prevention and treatment of various inherited and acquired disorders associated with mitochondrial dysfunction - Discusses the link between the dosage for each nutrient (nutritional vs. pharmacological) and the clinical effect - Features a dedicated section on whole-diet interventions and mitochondrial function







Molecular Nutrition


Book Description

Molecular Nutrition: Mother and Infant presents the impact of diet in early life stages, from pre-conception, throughout pregnancy, and to the infant. The book covers the molecular biology of the cell, genetic machinery and its function, general coverage on diet and nutrition, pregnancy, placenta, weight gain, breast milk, feeding practices, gestational disease, glucose metabolism, immunity, vitamins and minerals. Other topics discusses include fetal programming, bioactive compounds, amino acids, intrauterine growth, one carbon metabolism, overnutrition, genetic risk factors, polymorphisms, folic acid genes, DNA methylation, genes involved in lipid metabolism, microRNAs, epigenetics, transcriptomics and micro RNA. This book will be a welcomed reference for research scientists and practitioners, including nutritionists and dieticians. Addresses mother and infant nutrition and its critical impact on the well-being of humankind Contains coverage from pre-conception to young offspring Includes pedagogical features (e.g. a list of key facts, mini-dictionaries of terms and definitions, and summary points) to assist in its use as a reference Contains coverage of emerging fields of molecular biology and important discoveries related to diet and nutritional health




Mitochondria in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes


Book Description

Mitochondria in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Comprehensive Review on Mitochondrial Functioning and Involvement in Metabolic Diseases synthesizes discoveries from laboratories around the world, enhancing our understanding of the involvement of mitochondria in the etiology of diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Chapters illustrate and provide an overview of key concepts on topics such as the role of mitochondria in adipose tissue, cancer, cardiovascular comorbidities, skeletal muscle, the liver, kidney, and more. This book is a must-have reference for students and educational teams in biology, physiology and medicine, and researchers.




Molecular Nutrition and Diabetes


Book Description

Molecular Nutrition and Diabetes: A Volume in the Molecular Nutrition Series focuses on diabetes as a nutritional problem and its important metabolic consequences. Fuel metabolism and dietary supply all influence the outcome of diabetes, but understanding the pathogenesis of the diabetic process is a prelude to better nutritional control. Part One of the book provides general coverage of nutrition and diabetes in terms of dietary patterns, insulin resistance, and the glucose-insulin axis, while Part Two presents the molecular biology of diabetes and focuses on areas such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, insulin resistance, high-fat diets, nutriceuticals, and lipid accumulation. Final sections explore the genetic machinery behind diabetes and diabetic metabolism, including signaling pathways, gene expression, genome-wide association studies, and specific gene expression. While the main focus of each chapter is the basic and clinical research on diabetes as a nutritional problem, all chapters also end with a translational section on the implications for the nutritional control of diabetes. - Offers updated information and a perspective on important future developments to different professionals involved in the basic and clinical research on all major nutritional aspects of diabetes mellitus - Explores how nutritional factors are involved in the pathogenesis of both type1 and type2 diabetes and their complications - Investigates the molecular and genetic bases of diabetes and diabetic metabolism through the lens of a rapidly evolving field of molecular nutrition




The Molecular Nutrition of Amino Acids and Proteins


Book Description

The Molecular Nutrition of Amino Acids and Proteins provides an in-depth look at the involvement and role of amino acids and proteins in molecular nutrition. Editor Dominique Dardevet has assembled a collection of chapters written by leading researchers and top professors that provide the reader with a comprehensive understanding of amino acids and proteins. The book provides an introduction to the fundamentals of amino acids and proteins as well as the composition of food. It then delves into the molecular biology of the cell and genetic machinery and its function. The Molecular Nutrition of Amino Acids and Proteins also features reference guides for terms and bullet-point summaries, making it readily accessible to novices while still providing the most up-to-date and detailed information that experienced researchers need. Provides a gentle introduction to the subject by first addressing nutritional information and then building in molecular aspects, clearly establishing fundamental information for the reader Facilitates reader comprehension by including succinct summary points in each chapter Contains a glossary of definitions that allows readers to easily reference terms Provides both a deep and broad understanding of the subject by containing overviews as well as detail-focused chapters




The Molecular Nutrition of Fats


Book Description

The Molecular Nutrition of Fats presents the nutritional and molecular aspects of fats by assessing their dietary components, their structural and metabolic effects on the cell, and their role in health and disease. Subject areas include molecular mechanisms, membranes, polymorphisms, SNPs, genomic wide analysis, genotypes, gene expression, genetic modifications and other aspects. The book is divided into three sections, providing information on the general and introductory aspects, the molecular biology of the cell, and the genetic machinery and its function. Topics discussed include lipid-related molecules, dietary lipids and lipid metabolism, high fat diets, choline, cholesterol, membranes, trans-and saturated fatty acids, and lipid rafts. Other sections provide comprehensive discussions on G protein-coupled receptors, micro RNA, transcriptomics, transcriptional factors, cholesterol, triacylglycerols, beta-oxidation, cholesteryl ester transfer, beta-oxidation, lysosomes, lipid droplets, insulin mTOR signaling and ligands, and more. - Summarizes molecular nutrition in health as related to fats - Discusses the impact of fats on cancer, heart disease, dementia, and respiratory and intestinal disease - Includes preclinical, clinical and population studies - Covers the genome, the whole body and whole communities - Includes key facts, a mini dictionary of terms and summary points




Molecular Basis of Nutrition and Aging


Book Description

Molecular Basis of Nutrition and Aging: A Volume in the Molecular Nutrition Series focuses on the nutritional issues associated with aging and the important metabolic consequences of diet, nutrition, and health. The book is subdivided into four parts that reflect the impact of nutrition from a biomolecular level to individual health. In Part One, chapters explore the general aspects of aging, aging phenotypes, and relevant aspects of nutrition related to the elderly and healthy aging. Part Two includes molecular and cellular targets of nutrition in aging, with chapters exploring lipid peroxidation, inflammaging, anabolic and catabolic signaling, epigenetics, DNA damage and repair, redox homeostasis, and insulin sensitivity, among others. Part Three looks at system-level and organ targets of nutrition in aging, including a variety of tissues, systems, and diseases, such as immune function, the cardiovascular system, the brain and dementia, muscle, bone, lung, and many others. Finally, Part Four focuses on the health effects of specific dietary compounds and dietary interventions in aging, including vitamin D, retinol, curcumin, folate, iron, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, selenium, iodine, vitamin B, fish oil, vitamin E, resveratrol, polyphenols, vegetables, and fruit, as well as the current nutritional recommendations. Offers updated information and a perspectives on important future developments to different professionals involved in the basic and clinical research on all major nutritional aspects of aging Explores how nutritional factors are involved in the pathogenesis of aging across body systems Investigates the molecular and genetic basis of aging and cellular senescence through the lens of the rapidly evolving field of molecular nutrition




Mitochondrial Dysfunction


Book Description

Methods in Toxicology, Volume 2: Mitochondrial Dysfunction provides a source of methods, techniques, and experimental approaches for studying the role of abnormal mitochondrial function in cell injury. The book discusses the methods for the preparation and basic functional assessment of mitochondria from liver, kidney, muscle, and brain; the methods for assessing mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo and in intact organs; and the structural aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction are addressed. The text also describes chemical detoxification and metabolism as well as specific metabolic reactions that are especially important targets or indicators of damage. The methods for measurement of alterations in fatty acid and phospholipid metabolism and for the analysis and manipulation of oxidative injury and antioxidant systems are also considered. The book further tackles additional methods on mitochondrial energetics and transport processes; approaches for assessing impaired function of mitochondria; and genetic and developmental aspects of mitochondrial disease and toxicology. The text also looks into mitochondrial DNA synthesis, covalent binding to mitochondrial DNA, DNA repair, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of developing individuals and cellular differentiation. Microbiologists, toxicologists, biochemists, and molecular pharmacologists will find the book invaluable.




Mitochondria Biology


Book Description

Methods in Cell Biology Volume 155 provides an update on the step-by-step "how-to" methods to study mitochondrial structure, function and biogenesis contained in the first two editions. As in the previous editions, biochemical, cell biological, and genetic approaches are presented along with sample results, interpretations, and pitfalls for each method. New chapters in this update include Isolation of Mitochondria and Analysis of Mitochondrial Compartments, Isolation of Mitochondria from Animal Cells and Yeast, Isolation and Characterization of Mitochondria-Associated ER Membranes, Import of Proteins into Mitochondria, Proximity Labeling Methods to Assess Protein-Protein Interactions in Yeast Mitochondria, and more. Provides a step-by-step "cookbook" presentation as written by leaders in the field Covers longstanding methods that have shaped the field Includes the newest technologies and methods