Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD)


Book Description

This book offers a timely and complete overview on chemical vapour deposition (CVD) and its variants for the processing of nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, nanocomposite coatings, thin and thick films, and composites. Chapters discuss key aspects, from processing, material structure and properties to practical use, cost considerations, versatility, and sustainability. The author presents a comprehensive overview of CVD and its potential in producing high performance, cost-effective nanomaterials and thin and thick films. Features Provides an up-to-date introduction to CVD technology for the fabrication of nanomaterials, nanostructured films, and composite coatings Discusses processing, structure, functionalization, properties, and use in clean energy, engineering, and biomedical grand challenges Covers thin and thick films and composites Compares CVD with other processing techniques in terms of structure/properties, cost, versatility, and sustainability Kwang-Leong Choy is the Director of the UCL Centre for Materials Discovery and Professor of Materials Discovery in the Institute for Materials Discovery at the University College London. She earned her D.Phil. from the University of Oxford, and is the recipient of numerous honors including the Hetherington Prize, Oxford Metallurgical Society Award, and Grunfeld Medal and Prize from the Institute of Materials (UK). She is an elected fellow of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining, and the Royal Society of Chemistry.




Dispersive Transport Equations and Multiscale Models


Book Description

IMA Volumes 135: Transport in Transition Regimes and 136: Dispersive Transport Equations and Multiscale Models focus on the modeling of processes for which transport is one of the most complicated components. This includes processes that involve a wdie range of length scales over different spatio-temporal regions of the problem, ranging from the order of mean-free paths to many times this scale. Consequently, effective modeling techniques require different transport models in each region. The first issue is that of finding efficient simulations techniques, since a fully resolved kinetic simulation is often impractical. One therefore develops homogenization, stochastic, or moment based subgrid models. Another issue is to quantify the discrepancy between macroscopic models and the underlying kinetic description, especially when dispersive effects become macroscopic, for example due to quantum effects in semiconductors and superfluids. These two volumes address these questions in relation to a wide variety of application areas, such as semiconductors, plasmas, fluids, chemically reactive gases, etc.




Multiscale Modeling for Process Safety Applications


Book Description

Multiscale Modeling for Process Safety Applications is a new reference demonstrating the implementation of multiscale modeling techniques on process safety applications. It is a valuable resource for readers interested in theoretical simulations and/or computer simulations of hazardous scenarios. As multi-scale modeling is a computational technique for solving problems involving multiple scales, such as how a flammable vapor cloud might behave if ignited, this book provides information on the fundamental topics of toxic, fire, and air explosion modeling, as well as modeling jet and pool fires using computational fluid dynamics. The book goes on to cover nanomaterial toxicity, QPSR analysis on relation of chemical structure to flash point, molecular structure and burning velocity, first principle studies of reactive chemicals, water and air reactive chemicals, and dust explosions. Chemical and process safety professionals, as well as faculty and graduate researchers, will benefit from the detailed coverage provided in this book. - Provides the only comprehensive source addressing the use of multiscale modeling in the context of process safety - Bridges multiscale modeling with process safety, enabling the reader to understand mapping between problem detail and effective usage of resources - Presents an overall picture of addressing safety problems in all levels of modeling and the latest approaches to each in the field - Features worked out examples, case studies, and a question bank to aid understanding and involvement for the reader




Fundamentals of Multiscale Modeling of Structural Materials


Book Description

Fundamentals of Multiscale Modeling of Structural Materials provides a robust introduction to the computational tools, underlying theory, practical applications, and governing physical phenomena necessary to simulate and understand a wide-range of structural materials at multiple time and length scales. The book offers practical guidelines for modeling common structural materials with well-established techniques, outlining detailed modeling approaches for calculating and analyzing mechanical, thermal and transport properties of various structural materials such as metals, cement/concrete, polymers, composites, wood, thin films, and more.Computational approaches based on artificial intelligence and machine learning methods as complementary tools to the physics-based multiscale techniques are discussed as are modeling techniques for additively manufactured structural materials. Special attention is paid to how these methods can be used to develop the next generation of sustainable, resilient and environmentally-friendly structural materials, with a specific emphasis on bridging the atomistic and continuum modeling scales for these materials. - Synthesizes the latest cutting-edge computational multiscale modeling techniques for an array of structural materials - Emphasizes the foundations of the field and offers practical guidelines for modeling material systems with well-established techniques - Covers methods for calculating and analyzing mechanical, thermal and transport properties of various structural materials such as metals, cement/concrete, polymers, composites, wood, and more - Highlights underlying theory, emerging areas, future directions and various applications of the modeling methods covered - Discusses the integration of multiscale modeling and artificial intelligence




Control and Optimization of Multiscale Process Systems


Book Description

This book—the first of its kind—presents general methods for feedback controller synthesis and optimization of multiscale systems, illustrating their application to thin-film growth, sputtering processes, and catalytic systems of industrial interest. The authors demonstrate the advantages of the methods presented for control and optimization through extensive simulations. Included in the work are new techniques for feedback controller design and optimization of multiscale process systems that are not included in other books. The book also contains a rich collection of new research topics and references to significant recent work.




Multiscale Materials Modelling


Book Description

Multiscale materials modelling offers an integrated approach to modelling material behaviour across a range of scales from the electronic, atomic and microstructural up to the component level. As a result, it provides valuable new insights into complex structures and their properties, opening the way to develop new, multi-functional materials together with improved process and product designs. Multiscale materials modelling summarises some of the key techniques and their applications.The various chapters cover the spectrum of scales in modelling methodologies, including electronic structure calculations, mesoscale and continuum modelling. The book covers such themes as dislocation behaviour and plasticity as well as the modelling of structural materials such as metals, polymers and ceramics. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Multiscale materials modelling is a valuable reference for both the modelling community and those in industry wanting to know more about how multiscale materials modelling can help optimise product and process design. - Reviews the principles and applications of mult-scale materials modelling - Covers themes such as dislocation behaviour and plasticity and the modelling of structural materials - Examines the spectrum of scales in modelling methodologies, including electronic structure calculations, mesoscale and continuum modelling




Model Reduction and Coarse-Graining Approaches for Multiscale Phenomena


Book Description

Model reduction and coarse-graining are important in many areas of science and engineering. How does a system with many degrees of freedom become one with fewer? How can a reversible micro-description be adapted to the dissipative macroscopic model? These crucial questions, as well as many other related problems, are discussed in this book. All contributions are by experts whose specialities span a wide range of fields within science and engineering.




21st European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering


Book Description

The European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering (ESCAPE) series presents the latest innovations and achievements of leading professionals from the industrial and academic communities. The ESCAPE series serves as a forum for engineers, scientists, researchers, managers and students to present and discuss progress being made in the area of computer aided process engineering (CAPE). European industries large and small are bringing innovations into our lives, whether in the form of new technologies to address environmental problems, new products to make our homes more comfortable and energy efficient or new therapies to improve the health and well being of European citizens. Moreover, the European Industry needs to undertake research and technological initiatives in response to humanity's "Grand Challenges," described in the declaration of Lund, namely, Global Warming, Tightening Supplies of Energy, Water and Food, Ageing Societies, Public Health, Pandemics and Security. Thus, the Technical Theme of ESCAPE 21 will be "Process Systems Approaches for Addressing Grand Challenges in Energy, Environment, Health, Bioprocessing & Nanotechnologies."




21st European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering


Book Description

The European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering (ESCAPE) series presents the latest innovations and achievements of leading professionals from the industrial and academic communities. The ESCAPE series serves as a forum for engineers, scientists, researchers, managers and students to present and discuss progress being made in the area of computer aided process engineering (CAPE). European industries large and small are bringing innovations into our lives, whether in the form of new technologies to address environmental problems, new products to make our homes more comfortable and energy efficient or new therapies to improve the health and well being of European citizens. Moreover, the European Industry needs to undertake research and technological initiatives in response to humanity's "Grand Challenges," described in the declaration of Lund, namely, Global Warming, Tightening Supplies of Energy, Water and Food, Ageing Societies, Public Health, Pandemics and Security. Thus, the Technical Theme of ESCAPE 21 will be "Process Systems Approaches for Addressing Grand Challenges in Energy, Environment, Health, Bioprocessing & Nanotechnologies."




Multiscale Simulation and Design


Book Description

Due to the increasing importance of multi-scale computation in engineering, stimulated by the dramatic development of computer technology and understanding of multi-scale structures, an issue on multi-scale simulation and design--or so-called virtual process engineering--is now edited. ACE published an issue with title of multi-scale analysis in 2005 (vol 35). The intention of the present volume is different, trying to elucidate the bottlenecks and to identify the correct directions for the coming years from the process and product engineering point of view. Both fundamental and practical contributions will be provided from academia and industry. - Updates and informs the reader on the latest research findings using original reviews - Written by leading industry experts and scholars - Reviews and analyzes developments in the field