Multiscale Deformation and Fracture in Materials and Structures


Book Description

Modern Solid Mechanics considers phenomena at many levels, ranging from nano size at atomic scale through the continuum level at millimeter size to large structures at the tens of meter scale. The deformation and fracture behavior at these various scales are inextricably related to interdisciplinary methods derived from applied mathematics, physics, chemistry, and engineering mechanics. This book, in honor of James R. Rice, contains articles from his colleagues and former students that bring these sophisticated methods to bear on a wide range of problems. Articles discussing problems of deformation include topics of dislocation mechanics, second particle effects, plastic yield criterion on porous materials, hydrogen embrittlement, solid state sintering, nanophases at surfaces, adhesion and contact mechanics, diffuse instability in geomaterials, and percolation in metal deformation. In the fracture area, the topics include: elastic-plastic crack growth, dynamic fracture, stress intensity and J-integral analysis, stress-corrosion cracking, and fracture in single crystal, piezoelectric, composite and cementitious materials. The book will be a valuable resource for researchers in modern solid mechanics and can be used as reference or supplementary text in mechanical and civil engineering, applied mechanics, materials science, and engineering graduate courses on fracture mechanics, elasticity, plasticity, mechanics of materials or the application of solid mechanics to processing, and reliability of life predictions.




Dynamic Deformation, Damage and Fracture in Composite Materials and Structures


Book Description

Dynamic Deformation, Damage and Fracture in Composite Materials and Structures, Second Edition reviews various aspects of dynamic deformation, damage and fracture, mostly in composite laminates and sandwich structures, and in a broad range of application areas including aerospace, automotive, defense and sports engineering. This book examines low- and high-velocity loading and assesses shock, blast and penetrative events, and has been updated to cover important new developments such as the use of additive manufacturing to produce composites, including fiber-reinforced ones. New microstructural, experimental, theoretical, and numerical studies with advanced tools are included as well. The book also features four new chapters covering topics such as dynamic delamination, dynamic deformation and fracture in 3D-printed composites, ballistic impacts with fragmenting projectiles, and the effect of multiple impacting. - Examines dynamic deformation and fracture of composite materials, covering experimental, analytical and numerical aspects - Features four new chapters covering topics such as dynamic interfacial fracture, fracture in 3D-printed composites, ballistic impacts with fragmenting projectiles, and the effect of multiple impacting - Addresses important application areas such as aerospace, automotive, wind energy, defense and sports




Multiscale Fatigue Crack Initiation and Propagation of Engineering Materials: Structural Integrity and Microstructural Worthiness


Book Description

What can be added to the fracture mechanics of metal fatigue that has not already been said since the 1900s? From the view point of the material and structure engineer, there are many aspects of failure by fatigue that are in need of attention, particularly when the size and time of the working components are changed by orders of magnitude from those considered by st traditional means. The 21 century marks an era of technology transition where structures are made larger and devices are made smaller, rendering the method of destructive testing unpractical. While health monitoring entered the field of science and engineering, the practitioners are discovering that the correlation between the signal and the location of interest depends on a priori knowledge of where failure may initiate. This information is not easy to find because the integrity of the physical system will change with time. Required is software that can self-adjust in time according to the monitored data. In this connection, effective application of health monitoring can use a predictive model of fatigue crack growth. Earlier fatigue crack growth models assumed functional dependence on the maximum stress and the size of the pre-existing crack or defect. Various possibilities were examined in the hope that the data could be grouped such that linear interpolation would apply.




Materiomics: Multiscale Mechanics of Biological Materials and Structures


Book Description

Multiscale mechanics of hierarchical materials plays a crucial role in understanding and engineering biological and bioinspired materials and systems. The mechanical science of hierarchical tissues and cells in biological systems has recently emerged as an exciting area of research and provides enormous opportunities for innovative basic research and technological advancement. Such advances could enable us to provide engineered materials and structure with properties that resemble those of biological systems, in particular the ability to self-assemble, to self-repair, to adapt and evolve, and to provide multiple functions that can be controlled through external cues. This book presents material from leading researchers in the field of mechanical sciences of biological materials and structure, with the aim to introduce methods and applications to a wider range of engineers.




IUTAM Symposium on Size Effects on Material and Structural Behavior at Micron- and Nano-Scales


Book Description

This volume is a collection of twenty five written contributions by distinguished invited speakers from seven countries to the IUTAM Symposium on Size Effects on Material and Structural Behavior at Micron- and Nano-scales. Size effects on material and structural behaviors are of great interest to physicists, material scientists, and engineers who need to understand and model the mechanical behavior of solids especially at micron- and nano-scales.




Computational Multiscale Modeling of Fluids and Solids


Book Description

The idea of the book is to provide a comprehensive overview of computational physics methods and techniques, that are used for materials modeling on different length and time scales. Each chapter first provides an overview of the physical basic principles which are the basis for the numerical and mathematical modeling on the respective length-scale. The book includes the micro-scale, the meso-scale and the macro-scale. The chapters follow this classification. The book will explain in detail many tricks of the trade of some of the most important methods and techniques that are used to simulate materials on the perspective levels of spatial and temporal resolution. Case studies are occasionally included to further illustrate some methods or theoretical considerations. Example applications for all techniques are provided, some of which are from the author’s own contributions to some of the research areas. Methods are explained, if possible, on the basis of the original publications but also references to standard text books established in the various fields are mentioned.







Dynamics of Advanced Materials and Smart Structures


Book Description

Two key words for mechanical engineering in the future are Micro and Intelligence. It is weIl known that the leadership in the intelligence technology is a marter of vital importance for the future status of industrial society, and thus national research projects for intelligent materials, structures and machines have started not only in advanced countries, but also in developing countries. Materials and structures which have self-sensing, diagnosis and actuating systems, are called intelligent or smart, and are of growing research interest in the world. In this situation, the IUT AM symposium on Dynamics 0/ Advanced Materials and Smart Structures was a timely one. Smart materials and structures are those equipped with sensors and actuators to achieve their designed performance in achanging environment. They have complex structural properties and mechanical responses. Many engineering problems, such as interface and edge phenomena, mechanical and electro-magnetic interaction/coupling and sensing, actuating and control techniques, arise in the development ofintelligent structures. Due to the multi-disciplinary nature ofthese problems, all ofthe classical sciences and technologies, such as applied mathematics, material science, solid and fluid mechanics, control techniques and others must be assembled and used to solve them. IUTAM weIl understands the importance ofthis emerging technology. An IUTAM symposium on Smart Structures and Structronic Systems (Chaired by U.




Analytic Methods in Geomechanics


Book Description

A multidisciplinary field, encompassing both geophysics and civil engineering, geomechanics deals with the deformation and failure process in geomaterials such as soil and rock. Although powerful numerical tools have been developed, analytical solutions still play an important role in solving practical problems in this area. Analytic Methods in Geomechanics provides a much-needed text on mathematical theory in geomechanics, beneficial for readers of varied backgrounds entering this field. Written for scientists and engineers who have had some exposure to engineering mathematics and strength of materials, the text covers major topics in tensor analysis, 2-D elasticity, and 3-D elasticity, plasticity, fracture mechanics, and viscoelasticity. It also discusses the use of displacement functions in poroelasticity, the basics of wave propagations, and dynamics that are relevant to the modeling of geomaterials. The book presents both the fundamentals and more advanced content for understanding the latest research results and applying them to practical problems in geomechanics. The author gives concise explanations of each subject area, using a step-by-step process with many worked examples. He strikes a balance between breadth of material and depth of details, and includes recommended reading in each chapter for readers who would like additional technical information. This text is suitable for students at both undergraduate and graduate levels, as well as for professionals and researchers.




IUTAM Symposium on Creep in Structures


Book Description

These proceedings contain 48 innovative papers consolidating the development of creep research since 1990 and discussing the new horizons in this fundamental field of applied mechanics in the coming century. This volume is useful for researchers and graduate course students in the relevant fields.