Multispecies Toxicity Testing with the Use of the Standard Aquatic Microcosm
Author : Robert Warinner
Publisher :
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 47,42 MB
Release : 1995
Category : Aquatic organisms
ISBN :
Author : Robert Warinner
Publisher :
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 47,42 MB
Release : 1995
Category : Aquatic organisms
ISBN :
Author : John Cairns
Publisher : Pergamon
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 30,32 MB
Release : 1985
Category : Medical
ISBN :
Author : Teresa Achulze
Publisher :
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 35,72 MB
Release : 1995
Category : Aquatic organisms
ISBN :
Author :
Publisher :
Page : 901 pages
File Size : 19,4 MB
Release : 1994
Category :
ISBN :
In this research program, new methods of data analysis were applied to the analysis of multispecies toxicity tests using three complex toxicants. The water soluble traction of the turbine fuels Jet-A, JP-4 and JP-8 have been examined as stressors for two microcosm protocols, the standardized aquatic microcosm (SAM) and the mixed flask culture (MFC). The SAM is a 3 L system inoculated with standard cultures of algae, zooplankton, bacteria, and protozoa. In contrast, the MFC is 1 L and is inoculated with a complex mixture of organisms derived from a natural source. Analysis of the organism counts and physical data were conducted using conventional and newly derived multivariate nonmetric clustering methods and computer visualization techniques. Several fundamental discoveries regarding the impacts of toxicants on ecological systems were made. The first is that recovery of an ecosystem in the sense that it returns to the original or reference state is not a property of these systems. In fact, it is unlikely that recovery is a property of other larger ecological systems. In our experiments the various treatment groups incorporated the information as to toxicant concentration that was expressed after periods of so- called recovery. The differentiation of the treatment groups occurred even after the elimination of the toxicant from the test system. Another fundamental discovery is that multispecies toxicity tests are not repeatable, although within one experiment the replicates of a treatment group are replicable. In other words, initial conditions are important. The outcome of this research may lead to a new viewpoint in describing the impacts of toxicants on complex ecological systems. This viewpoint is described as the Community Conditioning Hypothesis.
Author : Wayne Landis
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 43,2 MB
Release : 2017-09-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 1498750443
The fifth edition includes new sections on the use of adverse outcome pathways, how climate change changes how we think about toxicology, and a new chapter on contaminants of emerging concern. Additional information is provided on the derivation of exposure-response curves to describe toxicity and they are compared to the use of hypothesis testing. The text is unified around the theme of describing the entire cause-effect pathway from the importance of chemical structure in determining exposure and interaction with receptors to the use of complex systems and hierarchical patch dynamic theory to describe effects to landscapes.
Author : Wayne G. Landis
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 15,89 MB
Release : 1995
Category : Medical
ISBN :
Introduction to Environmental Toxicology focuses on the impacts of chemicals on ecological systems ranging from the molecular level to the dynamics of ecosystems. Biodegradation, structure-activity relationships, atmospheric pollutants, and the effects of elemental pollutants on living systems are but a few of the important topics covered in this broad-based text/reference. Environmental toxicology is addressed at the ecosystem level. Significant attention is devoted to examining the difficulties of assessing impacts within ecosystems, reviewing the potential of biomarkers, and noting limits to prediction
Author : Amadeu Soares
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 40,97 MB
Release : 1993-06-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780873718455
Progress in Standardization of Aquatic Toxicity Tests provides a critical evaluation of the level of standardization achieved by freshwater and marine ecotoxicity tests used to evaluate potential risk of new chemicals and wastewater effluents. Tests at the sub-cellular, individual, laboratory microcosm, and ecosystem levels are presented and critically evaluated. The influence of environmental and genetic heterogeneity on test standardization is also discussed. The book will be an excellent reference for industry professionals, consultants, regulatory officials, and students working in the ecotoxicology field.
Author : Ursula M. Cowgill
Publisher : ASTM International
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 48,21 MB
Release : 1989
Category : Aquatic animals
ISBN : 080311253X
Author : Peter G. Wells
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 720 pages
File Size : 40,16 MB
Release : 2018-05-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 1351431455
Bioassays are among the ecotoxicologist's most effective weapons in the evaluation of water quality and the assessment of ecological impacts of effluents, chemicals, discharges, and emissions on the aquatic environment. Information on these assessment aids is needed throughout the international scientific and environmental management community. This comprehensive reference provides an excellent overview of the small-scale aquatic bioassay techniques and applications currently in use around the world. This special volume is the result of several years of collaboration between Environment Canada and Fisheries and Oceans Canada. Internationally recognized research scientists at many institutions have contributed to this state-of-the-art examination of the exciting, environmentally important field of microscale testing in aquatic toxicology. Microscale Testing in Aquatic Toxicology contains over forty chapters covering relevant principles, new techniques and recent advancements, and applications in scientific research, environmental management, academia, and the private sector.
Author : John F. Elder
Publisher :
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 44,5 MB
Release : 1990
Category : Toxicity testing
ISBN :