Work, Jobs, and Occupations


Book Description

Various editions of the Dictionary of Occupational Titles have served as the Employment Service's basic tool for matching workers and jobs. The Dictionary of Occupational Titles has also played an important role in establishing skill and training requirements and developing Employment Service testing batteries for specific occupations. However, the role of the Dictionary of Occupational Titles has been called into question as a result of planned changes in the operation of the Employment Service. A plan to automate the operations of Employment Service offices using a descriptive system of occupational keywords rather than occupational titles has led to a claim that a dictionary of occupational titles and the occupational research program that produces it are outmoded. Since the automated keyword system does not rely explicitly on defined occupational titles, it is claimed that the new system would reduce costs by eliminating the need for a research program to supply the occupational definitions. In light of these considerations, the present volume evaluates the future need for the Dictionary of Occupational Titles.










A Database for a Changing Economy


Book Description

Information about the characteristics of jobs and the individuals who fill them is valuable for career guidance, reemployment counseling, workforce development, human resource management, and other purposes. To meet these needs, the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) in 1998 launched the Occupational Information Network (O*NET), which consists of a content model-a framework for organizing occupational data-and an electronic database. The O*NET content model includes hundreds of descriptors of work and workers organized into domains, such as skills, knowledge, and work activities. Data are collected using a classification system that organizes job titles into 1,102 occupations. The National Center for O*NET Development (the O*NET Center) continually collects data related to these occupations. In 2008, DOL requested the National Academies to review O*NET and consider its future directions. In response, the present volume inventories and evaluates the uses of O*NET; explores the linkage of O*NET with the Standard Occupational Classification System and other data sets; and identifies ways to improve O*NET, particularly in the areas of cost-effectiveness, efficiency, and currency.










The Changing Nature of Work


Book Description

Although there is great debate about how work is changing, there is a clear consensus that changes are fundamental and ongoing. The Changing Nature of Work examines the evidence for change in the world of work. The committee provides a clearly illustrated framework for understanding changes in work and these implications for analyzing the structure of occupations in both the civilian and military sectors. This volume explores the increasing demographic diversity of the workforce, the fluidity of boundaries between lines of work, the interdependent choices for how work is structured-and ultimately, the need for an integrated systematic approach to understanding how work is changing. The book offers a rich array of data and highlighted examples on: Markets, technology, and many other external conditions affecting the nature of work. Research findings on American workers and how they feel about work. Downsizing and the trend toward flatter organizational hierarchies. Autonomy, complexity, and other aspects of work structure. The committee reviews the evolution of occupational analysis and examines the effectiveness of the latest systems in characterizing current and projected changes in civilian and military work. The occupational structure and changing work requirements in the Army are presented as a case study.




International Standard Classification of Occupations


Book Description

The International Standard Classification of Occupations 2008 (ISCO-08) is a four-level hierarchically structured classification that covers all jobs in the world. Developed with the benefit of accumulated national and international experience as well as the help of experts from many countries and agencies, ISCO-08 is fully supported by the international community as an accepted standard for international labour statistics. ISCO-08 classifies jobs into 436 unit groups. These unit groups are aggregated into 130 minor groups, 43 sub-major groups and 10 major groups, based on their similarity in terms of the skill level and skill specialisation required for the jobs. This allows the production of relatively detailed internationally comparable data as well as summary information for only 10 groups at the highest level of aggregation. Each group in the classification is designated by a title and code number and is associated with a definition that specifies the scope of the group. The classification is divided into two volumes: Volume I presents the structure and definitions of all groups in ISCO-08 and their correspondence with ISCO-88, which it supersedes, while Volume II provides an updated and expanded index of occupational titles and associated ISCO-08 and ISCO-88 codes.




88 Tips on Immigration to Canada: Visa, Eta, Work Permit, Study Permit, Immigration, and Citizenship to Canada


Book Description

If you intend to visit Canada, study or work in Canada, immigrate to Canada, or become a Canadian citizen, you need to go through an application process. A typical application includes submitting some forms and documents to the immigration authorities. Some applications, however, mandate you to attend a phone or face to face interview with an immigration or border services officer. Most of the immigration applications are time-consuming and nerve-racking. Several laws, policies, and procedures govern immigration applications. Many of them, such as inadmissibility rules, are complex or ambiguous. Even when you submit a simple eTA application, you need to answer questions about these complex aspects of immigration. Al Parsai is a Regulated Canadian Immigration Consultant. He also teaches the immigration diploma courses at Ashton college and the Global School of Corporate Excellence. Al has eight years of work experience as an immigration consultant and more than 22 years of experience as an author and educator. He has dealt with hundreds of visa and immigration applications. His clients have been from more than 35 different countries so far. The combination of hands-on experience and the teaching abilities gives Al the edge to write and publish this book. This book is a unique text that explains many concepts of visa and immigration in simple and understandable terms. By reading this book, you will enter the world of immigration to Canada. The book offers you 88 different tips on immigration to Canada. If you read them carefully, you will learn about your options and obstacles. Since this book is a condensed version of what Al knows about the Canadian immigration system, it could save you hundreds of hours of wandering the internet for answers. The book is easy to read. It is full of valuable tips. Read this book and seize the opportunity of knowing how you could move to the most welcoming country in the world.




Gender and Jobs


Book Description

Sex in the world