Book Description
This re-educational mandate, however, was frustrated with competing projects on the ground, from local authorities, local populations, and the exile populations themselves. The arrival of the exiles in Kazakhstan presented an opportunity for both the exiles and local populations to negotiate, challenge and transform an emerging ethnic hierarchy, which ultimately shaped each group's access to goods, employment, justice, public space, and ultimately, re-integration. In addition to filling an obvious historiographical gap, this study also speaks to broader issues within Soviet history, such as nationalities policy, ethnic relations, and center-periphery relations. Through comparative examples, it also makes wider contributions to histories of empire, ethnic cleansing, genocide, migration, and race.