Networked and Event-Triggered Control Approaches in Cyber-Physical Systems


Book Description

The insertion of communication networks in feedback control loops complicates analysis and synthesis of cyber-physical systems (CPSs), and network-induced uncertainties may degrade system control performance. Thus, this book researches networked delay compensation and event-triggered control approaches for a series of CPSs subject to network-induced uncertainties. The authors begin with an introduction to the concepts and challenges of CPSs, followed by an overview of networked control approaches and event-triggered control strategies in CPSs. Then, networked delay compensation and event-triggered control approaches are proposed for CPSs with network communication delay, data dropout, signal quantization, and event-triggered communication. More specifically, networked delay compensation approaches are proposed for linear/nonlinear networked controlled plants with time-varying and random network communication delays and data dropouts. To reduce computational burden and network communication loads in CPSs, event-triggered control, self-triggered control, co-design of event-triggered control and quantized control techniques, and event-triggered disturbance rejection control approaches are also presented. This book is an essential text for researchers and engineers interested in cybersecurity, networked control, and CPSs. It would also prove useful for graduate students in the fields of science, engineering, and computer science.







Control of Cyber-Physical Systems


Book Description

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) involve deeply integrated, tightly coupled computational and physical components. These systems, spanning multiple scientific and technological domains, are highly complex and pose several fundamental challenges. They are also critically important to society’s advancement and security. The design and deployment of the adaptable, reliable CPS of tomorrow requires the development of a basic science foundation, synergistically drawing on various branches of engineering, mathematics, computer science, and domain specific knowledge. This book brings together 19 invited papers presented at the Workshop on Control of Cyber-Physical Systems, hosted by the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering at The Johns Hopkins University in March 2013. It highlights the central role of control theory and systems thinking in developing the theory of CPS, in addressing the challenges of cyber-trust and cyber-security, and in advancing emerging cyber-physical applications ranging from smart grids to smart buildings, cars and robotic systems.




Event-Based Control and Signal Processing


Book Description

Event-based systems are a class of reactive systems deployed in a wide spectrum of engineering disciplines including control, communication, signal processing, and electronic instrumentation. Activities in event-based systems are triggered in response to events usually representing a significant change of the state of controlled or monitored physical variables. Event-based systems adopt a model of calls for resources only if it is necessary, and therefore, they are characterized by efficient utilization of communication bandwidth, computation capability, and energy budget. Currently, the economical use of constrained technical resources is a critical issue in various application domains because many systems become increasingly networked, wireless, and spatially distributed. Event-Based Control and Signal Processing examines the event-based paradigm in control, communication, and signal processing, with a focus on implementation in networked sensor and control systems. Featuring 23 chapters contributed by more than 60 leading researchers from around the world, this book covers: Methods of analysis and design of event-based control and signal processing Event-driven control and optimization of hybrid systems Decentralized event-triggered control Periodic event-triggered control Model-based event-triggered control and event-triggered generalized predictive control Event-based intermittent control in man and machine Event-based PID controllers Event-based state estimation Self-triggered and team-triggered control Event-triggered and time-triggered real-time architectures for embedded systems Event-based continuous-time signal acquisition and DSP Statistical event-based signal processing in distributed detection and estimation Asynchronous spike event coding technique with address event representation Event-based processing of non-stationary signals Event-based digital (FIR and IIR) filters Event-based local bandwidth estimation and signal reconstruction Event-Based Control and Signal Processing is the first extensive study on both event-based control and event-based signal processing, presenting scientific contributions at the cutting edge of modern science and engineering.




Principles of Cyber-Physical Systems


Book Description

Develops foundational concepts, key operational and design principles, and interdisciplinary applications for cyber-physical systems.




Optimal Event-Triggered Control Using Adaptive Dynamic Programming


Book Description

Optimal Event-triggered Control using Adaptive Dynamic Programming discusses event triggered controller design which includes optimal control and event sampling design for linear and nonlinear dynamic systems including networked control systems (NCS) when the system dynamics are both known and uncertain. The NCS are a first step to realize cyber-physical systems (CPS) or industry 4.0 vision. The authors apply several powerful modern control techniques to the design of event-triggered controllers and derive event-trigger condition and demonstrate closed-loop stability. Detailed derivations, rigorous stability proofs, computer simulation examples, and downloadable MATLAB® codes are included for each case. The book begins by providing background on linear and nonlinear systems, NCS, networked imperfections, distributed systems, adaptive dynamic programming and optimal control, stability theory, and optimal adaptive event-triggered controller design in continuous-time and discrete-time for linear, nonlinear and distributed systems. It lays the foundation for reinforcement learning-based optimal adaptive controller use for infinite horizons. The text then: Introduces event triggered control of linear and nonlinear systems, describing the design of adaptive controllers for them Presents neural network-based optimal adaptive control and game theoretic formulation of linear and nonlinear systems enclosed by a communication network Addresses the stochastic optimal control of linear and nonlinear NCS by using neuro dynamic programming Explores optimal adaptive design for nonlinear two-player zero-sum games under communication constraints to solve optimal policy and event trigger condition Treats an event-sampled distributed linear and nonlinear systems to minimize transmission of state and control signals within the feedback loop via the communication network Covers several examples along the way and provides applications of event triggered control of robot manipulators, UAV and distributed joint optimal network scheduling and control design for wireless NCS/CPS in order to realize industry 4.0 vision An ideal textbook for senior undergraduate students, graduate students, university researchers, and practicing engineers, Optimal Event Triggered Control Design using Adaptive Dynamic Programming instills a solid understanding of neural network-based optimal controllers under event-sampling and how to build them so as to attain CPS or Industry 4.0 vision.




Safety, Security and Privacy for Cyber-Physical Systems


Book Description

This book presents an in-depth overview of recent work related to the safety, security, and privacy of cyber-physical systems (CPSs). It brings together contributions from leading researchers in networked control systems and closely related fields to discuss overarching aspects of safety, security, and privacy; characterization of attacks; and solutions to detecting and mitigating such attacks. The book begins by providing an insightful taxonomy of problems, challenges and techniques related to safety, security, and privacy for CPSs. It then moves through a thorough discussion of various control-based solutions to these challenges, including cooperative fault-tolerant and resilient control and estimation, detection of attacks and security metrics, watermarking and encrypted control, privacy and a novel defense approach based on deception. The book concludes by discussing risk management and cyber-insurance challenges in CPSs, and by presenting the future outlook for this area of research as a whole. Its wide-ranging collection of varied works in the emerging fields of security and privacy in networked control systems makes this book a benefit to both academic researchers and advanced practitioners interested in implementing diverse applications in the fields of IoT, cooperative autonomous vehicles and the smart cities of the future.




Networked Predictive Control of Systems with Communication Constraints and Cyber Attacks


Book Description

This book presents the latest results on predictive control of networked systems, where communication constraints (e.g., network-induced delays and packet dropouts) and cyber attacks (e.g., deception attacks and denial-of-service attacks) are considered. For the former, it proposes several networked predictive control (NPC) methods based on input-output models and state-space models respectively. For the latter, it designs secure NPC schemes from the perspectives of information security and real-time control. Furthermore, it uses practical experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of all the methods, bridging the gap between control theory and practical applications. The book is of interest to academic researchers, R&D engineers, and graduate students in control engineering, networked control systems and cyber-physical systems.




Security of Cyber-Physical Systems: State Estimation and Control


Book Description

This book analyzes the secure problems of cyber-physical systems from both the adversary and defender sides. Targeting the challenging security problems of cyber-physical systems under malicious attacks, this book presents some recent novel secure state estimation and control algorithms, in which moving target defense scheme, zero-sum game-theoretical approach, reinforcement learning, neural networks, and intelligent control are adopted. Readers will find not only the valuable secure state estimation and control schemes combined with the approaches aforementioned, but also some vital conclusions for securing cyber-physical systems, for example, the critical value of allowed attack probability, the maximum number of sensors to be attacked, etc. The book also provides practical applications, example of which are unmanned aerial vehicles, interruptible power system, and robot arm to validate the proposed secure algorithms. Given its scope, it offers a valuable resource for undergraduate and graduate students, academics, scientists, and engineers who are working in this field.




Security and Resilience in Cyber-Physical Systems


Book Description

This book discusses the latest advances in cyber-physical security and resilience of cyber-physical systems, including cyber-attack detection, isolation, situation awareness, resilient estimation and resilient control under attack. It presents both theoretical results and important applications of the methods. Security and Resilience in Cyber-Physical Systems begins by introducing the topic of cyber-physical security, covering state-of-the-art trends in both theory and applications, as well as some of the emerging methodologies and future directions for research. It then moves on to detail theoretical methods of attack detection, resilient estimation and control within cyber-physical systems, before discussing their various applications, such as power generation and distribution, autonomous systems, wireless communication networks and chemical plants. Focusing on the detection of and accommodation to cyber-attacks on cyber-physical systems, and including both estimation and artificial-intelligence-based methods, this book will be of interest to researchers, engineers and graduate students within the fields of cyber-physical security and resilient control.