Neutron Scattering from Magnetic Materials


Book Description

Neutron Scattering from Magnetic Materials is a comprehensive account of the present state of the art in the use of the neutron scattering for the study of magnetic materials. The chapters have been written by well-known researchers who are at the forefront of this field and have contributed directly to the development of the techniques described. Neutron scattering probes magnetic phenomena directly. The generalized magnetic susceptibility, which can be expressed as a function of wave vector and energy, contains all the information there is to know about the statics and dynamics of a magnetic system and this quantity is directly related to the neutron scattering cross section. Polarized neutron scattering techniques raise the sophistication of measurements to even greater levels and gives additional information in many cases. The present book is largely devoted to the application of polarized neutron scattering to the study of magnetic materials. It will be of particular interest to graduate students and researchers who plan to investigate magnetic materials using neutron scattering.· Written by a group of scientist who have contributed directly in developing the techniques described.· A complete treatment of the polarized neutron scattering not available in literature.· Gives practical hits to solve magnetic structure and determine exchange interactions in magnetic solids.· Application of neutron scattering to the study of the novel electronic materials.




Magnetoelectric Response in Low-Dimensional Frustrated Spin Systems


Book Description

Electric control of magnetic properties, or inversely, magnetic control of dielectric properties in solids, is called a magnetoelectric effect and has long been investigated from the point of view of both fundamental physics and potential application. Magnetic and dielectric properties usually show minimal coupling, but it recently has been discovered that magnetically induced ferroelectricity in some spiral magnets enables remarkably large and versatile magnetoelectric responses. To stabilize such helimagnetism, magnetic frustration (competition between different magnetic interactions) is considered the key. In the present work, two of the most typical frustrated spin systems—triangular lattice antiferromagnets and edge-shared chain magnets—have systematically been investigated. Despite the crystallographic simplicity of target systems, rich magnetoelectric responses are ubiquitously observed. The current results published here offer a useful guideline in the search for new materials with unique magnetoelectric functions, and also provide an important basis for a deeper understanding of magnetoelectric phenomena in more complex systems.







Multiferroics


Book Description

Multiferroics, materials with a coexistence of magnetic and ferroelectric order, provide an efficient route for the control of magnetism by electric fields. The authors cover multiferroic thin-film heterostructures, device architectures and domain/interface effects. They critically discuss achievements as well as limitations and assess opportunities for future applications.




Epitaxial Growth of Complex Metal Oxides


Book Description

The atomic arrangement and subsequent properties of a material are determined by the type and conditions of growth leading to epitaxy, making control of these conditions key to the fabrication of higher quality materials. Epitaxial Growth of Complex Metal Oxides reviews the techniques involved in such processes and highlights recent developments in fabrication quality which are facilitating advances in applications for electronic, magnetic and optical purposes. Part One reviews the key techniques involved in the epitaxial growth of complex metal oxides, including growth studies using reflection high-energy electron diffraction, pulsed laser deposition, hybrid molecular beam epitaxy, sputtering processes and chemical solution deposition techniques for the growth of oxide thin films. Part Two goes on to explore the effects of strain and stoichiometry on crystal structure and related properties, in thin film oxides. Finally, the book concludes by discussing selected examples of important applications of complex metal oxide thin films in Part Three. - Provides valuable information on the improvements in epitaxial growth processes that have resulted in higher quality films of complex metal oxides and further advances in applications for electronic and optical purposes - Examines the techniques used in epitaxial thin film growth - Describes the epitaxial growth and functional properties of complex metal oxides and explores the effects of strain and defects




Proceedings of 3rd Edition of International conference on Advanced Spectroscopy, Crystallography and Applications in Modern Chemistry 2018


Book Description

June 04-05, 2018 London, UK Key Topics : Chemical Crystallography, Advanced Crystallography, Crystallography Of Novel Materials, Spectroscopy, Spectroscopy Applications, Crystal Growth, Precession Electron Diffraction (PED), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Crystallography (NMR Crystallography), Electron Crystallography, Recent Development In The X-Ray Studies, Crystallography Applications, Advances In Neutron Diffraction, Biological Structure Determination, Crystallography In Biology, Application Of Modern Chemistry,




Magnetic Neutron Diffraction


Book Description

The inter action between the magnetic field generated by the neutron and the magnetic moment of atoms containing unpaired electrons was experimentally demonstrated for the first time about twenty years ago. The basic theory describing such an in teraction had already been developed and the first nuclear reactors with large available thermal neutron fluxes had recently been con structed. The power of the magnetic neutron interaction for in vestigating the structure of magnetic materials was immediately recognized and put to use where possible. Neutron diffraction, however, was practicable only in countries with nuclear reactors. The earliest neutron determinations of magnetic ordering were hence primarily carried out at Oak Ridge and Brookhaven in the US, at Chalk River in Canada and at Harwell in England. Diffraction patterns from polycrystalline ferromagnets and antiferromagnets are interpretable if produced by simple spin arrays. More complex magnetic scattering patterns could often be unravelled, in terms of a three-dimensional array of atomic moments, if the specimen studied is a single crystal. The devel opment of sophisticated cryogenic equipment, with independently alignable magnetic fields, opened the way to greater complexity in the magnetic structures that could be successfully determined, as did also the introduction of polarized neutron beams. By the end of the 'sixties, many countries were contributing significantly to neutron diffraction studies of a wide variety of magnetic materials.




Nanoscale Ferroelectrics and Multiferroics


Book Description

This two volume set reviews the key issues in processing and characterization of nanoscale ferroelectrics and multiferroics, and provides a comprehensive description of their properties, with an emphasis in differentiating size effects of extrinsic ones like boundary or interface effects. Recently described nanoscale novel phenomena are also addressed. Organized into three parts it addresses key issues in processing (nanostructuring), characterization (of the nanostructured materials) and nanoscale effects. Taking full advantage of the synergies between nanoscale ferroelectrics and multiferroics, the text covers materials nanostructured at all levels, from ceramic technologies like ferroelectric nanopowders, bulk nanostructured ceramics and thick films, and magnetoelectric nanocomposites, to thin films, either polycrystalline layer heterostructures or epitaxial systems, and to nanoscale free standing objects with specific geometries, such as nanowires and tubes at different levels of development. This set is developed from the high level European scientific knowledge platform built within the COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action on Single and multiphase ferroics and multiferroics with restricted geometries (SIMUFER, ref. MP0904). Chapter contributors have been carefully selected, and have all made major contributions to knowledge of the respective topics, and overall, they are among most respected scientists in the field.




Neutron Scattering - Magnetic and Quantum Phenomena


Book Description

Neutron Scattering - Magnetic and Quantum Phenomena provides detailed coverage of the application of neutron scattering in condensed matter research. The book's primary aim is to enable researchers in a particular area to identify the aspects of their work where neutron scattering techniques might contribute, conceive the important experiments to be done, assess what is required to carry them out, write a successful proposal for one of the major user facilities, and perform the experiments under the guidance of the appropriate instrument scientist. An earlier series edited by Kurt Sköld and David L. Price, and published in the 1980s by Academic Press as three volumes in the series Methods of Experimental Physics, was very successful and remained the standard reference in the field for several years. This present work has similar goals, taking into account the advances in experimental techniques over the past quarter-century, for example, neutron reflectivity and spin-echo spectroscopy, and techniques for probing the dynamics of complex materials of technological relevance. This volume complements Price and Fernandez-Alonso (Eds.), Neutron Scattering - Fundamentals published in November 2013. - Covers the application of neutron scattering techniques in the study of quantum and magnetic phenomena, including superconductivity, multiferroics, and nanomagnetism - Presents up-to-date reviews of recent results, aimed at enabling the reader to identify new opportunities and plan neutron scattering experiments in their own field - Provides a good balance between theory and experimental techniques - Provides a complement to Price and Fernandez-Alonso (Eds.), Neutron Scattering - Fundamentals published in November 2013




Neutron Scattering with a Triple-Axis Spectrometer


Book Description

This practical guidebook is written for graduate and post-doctoral students, as well as for experienced researchers new to neutron scattering. Introductory chapters summarize useful scattering formulas and describe the components of a spectrometer. The authors then discuss the resolution function and focusing effects. Simple examples of phonon and magnon measurements are presented. Important chapters cover spurious effects in inelastic and elastic measurements, and how to avoid them. The last chapter covers techniques for, and applications of, polarization analysis.