Non-equilibrium Phenomena In Supercooled Fluids, Glasses And Amorphous Materials - Proceedings Of The Workshop


Book Description

This volume contains the Proceedings of the International Workshop on “Non-Equilibrium Phenomena in Supercooled Fluids, Glasses and Amorphous Materials”, held in Pisa in the early fall of 1995 as a joint initiative of the University of Pisa and of the Scuola Normale Superiore. The goal was to bring together liquid state physicists, chemists and engineers, to review current developments and comparatively discuss experimental facts and theoretical predictions in this vast scientific area. The core of the Workshop was a set of general lectures followed by more specific presentations on current issues in the main areas of the field. This structure has been maintained in this volume, in which a set of five overviews is followed by topically grouped contributions in the five areas of ionic glasses and glassy materials, the glass transition, viscous flow and microscopic relaxation, complex fluids, and polymers. The volume also preserves a record of the many short contributions given to the Workshop through posters, which are grouped in it under the subjects of inorganic glasses, organic glasses and complex fluids, polymers, and theoretical aspects.







Structure And Transport Properties In Organized Polymeric Materials


Book Description

This multi-authored book includes selected contributions reviewing the results achieved in the synthesis and characterization of organized polymeric materials. The focus is on competitive materials with liquid crystalline or electroconductive properties. The fine tuning of the properties offered by advanced chemical synthesis has been investigated by a large number of state-of-the-art techniques, including both microscopic (ESR, NMR, dielectrometry, fluorescence, IR, Raman spectroscopy) and macroscopic (calorimetric, mechanical) methodologies. The book also provides an updated coverage of the most challenging applications of organized polymers as functional materials in the fields of electrooptical devices, information retrieval and organic electroconductors.




Polymer Physics and Engineering


Book Description




Introduction to Liquid State Physics


Book Description

This important book provides an introduction to the liquid state. A qualitative description of liquid properties is first given, followed by detailed chapters on thermodynamics, liquid structure in relation to interaction forces and transport properties such as diffusion and viscosity. Treatment of complex fluids such as anisotropic liquid crystals and polymers, and of technically important topics such as non-Newtonian and turbulent flows, is included. Surface properties and characteristics of the liquid-vapour critical point are also discussed. While the book focuses on classical liquids, the final chapter deals with quantal fluids.




The Glass Transition


Book Description

Describes and interrelates the following processes: cooperative alpha processes in a cold liquid, structural relaxation in the glass near Tg, the Johari-Goldstein beta process, the Williams-Götze process in a warm liquid, fast nonactivated cage rattling and boson peak, and ultraslow Fischer modes.




Unifying Concepts in Granular Media and Glasses


Book Description

Deep connections are emerging in the physics of non-thermal systems,such as granular media, and other "complex systems" such as glass formers, spin glasses, colloids or gels. This book discusses the unifying physical theories, developed in recent years, for the description of these systems. The special focus of the book is on recent important developments in the formulation of a Statistical Mechanics approach to granular media and the description of out-of-equilibrium dynamics, such as "jamming" phenomena, ubiquitous in these "complex systems". The book collects contributions from leading researchers in these fields, providing both an introduction, at a graduate level, to these rapidly developing subjects and featuring an up to date, self contained, presentation of theoretical and experimental developments for researchers in areas ranging from Chemistry, to Engineering and Physical Sciences.·the book discusses very hot topics in physical sciences·it includes contributions from the most prominent researchers in the area·it is clearly written and self contained




Hydration Processes in Biology


Book Description

The interaction of water at organic surfaces or interfaces is of fundamental and technological interest and importance in chemistry, physics and biology. Progress towards an in-depth, molecular interpretation of the structure and dynamics of interfacial water needs a range of novel experimental and simulation techniques. We are now reaching the stage at which we understand, at the molecular level, the mutual perturbation at a macromolecule/water interface. The aims of this book are to provide with a comprehensive background to the properties of bulk water at the microscopic level and with a substantial account of the theoretical and experimental contributions which have been done to understand the role of water in various systems from some model systems to the more complex ones such as the biological systems.




Dynamics Of Particles And The Electromagnetic Field (With Cd-rom)


Book Description

Advances in experimental techniques are allowing researchers to investigate the extremes of the dynamics of particle interactions with electromagnetic fields. The theoretical tools at our disposal are classical and quantum mechanics and experience has shown that it is dangerous to dismiss one at the expense of the other. Each has merits that should be fully explored; the problem, however, is to bridge the gap between them so that the information they give is complementary rather than contradictory. In this book, that goal is achieved by formulating five postulates, and the level of their implementation distinguishes the two mechanics. That the dynamics of particles (charges) is not complete without unifying it with the dynamics of electromagnetic fields is given special emphasis.In the first of three parts in the book, Newton dynamics is formulated from the Liouville equation. In the third part, this forms the basis for implementing the uncertainty postulate to formulate quantum mechanics. The theories of relativity and electromagnetic interactions are derived from one of the five postulates in the second part, and the unification of the dynamics of particles and electromagnetic fields is formulated in the second and the third parts. Numerous examples from each section illustrate the theory.Employing functional analysis instead of the more abstract techniques of linear spaces, linear operators, group theory, etc., the book makes well suited to advanced undergraduate level courses in classical and quantum mechanics. The material is also intended for postgraduate courses, in atomic and molecular physics in particular, with examples covering modern trends in research.The book is accompanied by a CD-ROM featuring various illustrative examples.