Nonlinear Optimization Approaches for Training Neural Networks


Book Description

This book examines how nonlinear optimization techniques can be applied to training and testing neural networks. It includes both well-known and recently-developed network training methods including deterministic nonlinear optimization methods, stochastic nonlinear optimization methods, and advanced training schemes which combine both deterministic and stochastic components. The convergence analysis and convergence proofs of these techniques are presented as well as real applications of neural networks in areas such as pattern classification, bioinformatics, biomedicine, and finance. Nonlinear optimization methods are applied extensively in the design of training protocols for artificial neural networks used in industry and academia. Such techniques allow for the implementation of dynamic unsupervised neural network training without requiring the fine tuning of several heuristic parameters. "Nonlinear Optimization Approaches for Training Neural Networks" is a response to the growing demand for innovations in this area of research. This monograph presents a wide range of approaches to neural networks training providing theoretical justification for network behavior based on the theory of nonlinear optimization. It presents training algorithms, and theoretical results on their convergence and implementations through pseudocode. This approach offers the reader an explanation of the performance of the various methods, and a better understanding of the individual characteristics of the various methods, their differences/advantages and interrelationships. This improved perspective allows the reader to choose the best network training method without spending too much effort configuring highly sensitive heuristic parameters. This book can serve as an excellent guide for researchers, graduate students, and lecturers interested in the development of neural networks and their training.




Nonlinear System Identification


Book Description

Written from an engineering point of view, this book covers the most common and important approaches for the identification of nonlinear static and dynamic systems. The book also provides the reader with the necessary background on optimization techniques, making it fully self-contained. The new edition includes exercises.




Nonlinear Programming


Book Description




Neural Approximations for Optimal Control and Decision


Book Description

Neural Approximations for Optimal Control and Decision provides a comprehensive methodology for the approximate solution of functional optimization problems using neural networks and other nonlinear approximators where the use of traditional optimal control tools is prohibited by complicating factors like non-Gaussian noise, strong nonlinearities, large dimension of state and control vectors, etc. Features of the text include: • a general functional optimization framework; • thorough illustration of recent theoretical insights into the approximate solutions of complex functional optimization problems; • comparison of classical and neural-network based methods of approximate solution; • bounds to the errors of approximate solutions; • solution algorithms for optimal control and decision in deterministic or stochastic environments with perfect or imperfect state measurements over a finite or infinite time horizon and with one decision maker or several; • applications of current interest: routing in communications networks, traffic control, water resource management, etc.; and • numerous, numerically detailed examples. The authors’ diverse backgrounds in systems and control theory, approximation theory, machine learning, and operations research lend the book a range of expertise and subject matter appealing to academics and graduate students in any of those disciplines together with computer science and other areas of engineering.




Neural Networks in Optimization


Book Description

The book consists of three parts. The first part introduces concepts and algorithms in optimization theory, which have been used in neural network research. The second part covers main neural network models and their theoretical analysis. The third part of the book introduces various neural network models for solving nonlinear programming problems and combinatorial optimization problems. Audience: Graduate students and researchers who are interested in the intersection of optimization theory and artificial neural networks. The book is appropriate for graduate courses.




An Introduction to Optimization


Book Description

An Introduction to Optimization Accessible introductory textbook on optimization theory and methods, with an emphasis on engineering design, featuring MATLAB exercises and worked examples Fully updated to reflect modern developments in the field, the Fifth Edition of An Introduction to Optimization fills the need for an accessible, yet rigorous, introduction to optimization theory and methods, featuring innovative coverage and a straightforward approach. The book begins with a review of basic definitions and notations while also providing the related fundamental background of linear algebra, geometry, and calculus. With this foundation, the authors explore the essential topics of unconstrained optimization problems, linear programming problems, and nonlinear constrained optimization. In addition, the book includes an introduction to artificial neural networks, convex optimization, multi-objective optimization, and applications of optimization in machine learning. Numerous diagrams and figures found throughout the book complement the written presentation of key concepts, and each chapter is followed by MATLAB® exercises and practice problems that reinforce the discussed theory and algorithms. The Fifth Edition features a new chapter on Lagrangian (nonlinear) duality, expanded coverage on matrix games, projected gradient algorithms, machine learning, and numerous new exercises at the end of each chapter. An Introduction to Optimization includes information on: The mathematical definitions, notations, and relations from linear algebra, geometry, and calculus used in optimization Optimization algorithms, covering one-dimensional search, randomized search, and gradient, Newton, conjugate direction, and quasi-Newton methods Linear programming methods, covering the simplex algorithm, interior point methods, and duality Nonlinear constrained optimization, covering theory and algorithms, convex optimization, and Lagrangian duality Applications of optimization in machine learning, including neural network training, classification, stochastic gradient descent, linear regression, logistic regression, support vector machines, and clustering. An Introduction to Optimization is an ideal textbook for a one- or two-semester senior undergraduate or beginning graduate course in optimization theory and methods. The text is also of value for researchers and professionals in mathematics, operations research, electrical engineering, economics, statistics, and business.




Second-Order Methods for Neural Networks


Book Description

About This Book This book is about training methods - in particular, fast second-order training methods - for multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs). MLPs (also known as feed-forward neural networks) are the most widely-used class of neural network. Over the past decade MLPs have achieved increasing popularity among scientists, engineers and other professionals as tools for tackling a wide variety of information processing tasks. In common with all neural networks, MLPsare trained (rather than programmed) to carryout the chosen information processing function. Unfortunately, the (traditional' method for trainingMLPs- the well-knownbackpropagation method - is notoriously slow and unreliable when applied to many prac tical tasks. The development of fast and reliable training algorithms for MLPsis one of the most important areas ofresearch within the entire field of neural computing. The main purpose of this book is to bring to a wider audience a range of alternative methods for training MLPs, methods which have proved orders of magnitude faster than backpropagation when applied to many training tasks. The book also addresses the well-known (local minima' problem, and explains ways in which fast training methods can be com bined with strategies for avoiding (or escaping from) local minima. All the methods described in this book have a strong theoretical foundation, drawing on such diverse mathematical fields as classical optimisation theory, homotopic theory and stochastic approximation theory.




Advances in Neural Networks Research


Book Description

IJCNN is the flagship conference of the INNS, as well as the IEEE Neural Networks Society. It has arguably been the preeminent conference in the field, even as neural network conferences have proliferated and specialized. As the number of conferences has grown, its strongest competition has migrated away from an emphasis on neural networks. IJCNN has embraced the proliferation of spin-off and related fields (see the topic list, below), while maintaining a core emphasis befitting its name. It has also succeeded in enforcing an emphasis on quality.




Neural Networks: Tricks of the Trade


Book Description

The twenty last years have been marked by an increase in available data and computing power. In parallel to this trend, the focus of neural network research and the practice of training neural networks has undergone a number of important changes, for example, use of deep learning machines. The second edition of the book augments the first edition with more tricks, which have resulted from 14 years of theory and experimentation by some of the world's most prominent neural network researchers. These tricks can make a substantial difference (in terms of speed, ease of implementation, and accuracy) when it comes to putting algorithms to work on real problems.




Robust and Fault-Tolerant Control


Book Description

Robust and Fault-Tolerant Control proposes novel automatic control strategies for nonlinear systems developed by means of artificial neural networks and pays special attention to robust and fault-tolerant approaches. The book discusses robustness and fault tolerance in the context of model predictive control, fault accommodation and reconfiguration, and iterative learning control strategies. Expanding on its theoretical deliberations the monograph includes many case studies demonstrating how the proposed approaches work in practice. The most important features of the book include: a comprehensive review of neural network architectures with possible applications in system modelling and control; a concise introduction to robust and fault-tolerant control; step-by-step presentation of the control approaches proposed; an abundance of case studies illustrating the important steps in designing robust and fault-tolerant control; and a large number of figures and tables facilitating the performance analysis of the control approaches described. The material presented in this book will be useful for researchers and engineers who wish to avoid spending excessive time in searching neural-network-based control solutions. It is written for electrical, computer science and automatic control engineers interested in control theory and their applications. This monograph will also interest postgraduate students engaged in self-study of nonlinear robust and fault-tolerant control.