Norway, European Integration and Atlantic Security


Book Description

This work explains the paradox of the close involvement of Norway with the Atlantic Alliance and its distance from mainstream European integration. The authors explore: the precarious nature of Norway's relationship with European integration; and the conditions for Norwegian membership of the EU.




Norway Outside the European Union


Book Description

In November 1994 the Norwegian electorate rejected membership of the European Union. Professor Archer examines the background to this decision both in terms of an expression of interests within Norway and in terms of national feeling. He then investigates the subsequent interaction between Norway and the EU through the European Economic Area (EEA) - which allowed Norway access to the EU's markets; the Schengen agreement - dealing with justice and border matters and the Common Foreign and Security Policy. It includes discussion of policies that have had a particular effect on Norway, such as those of the gas directive, fisheries and the sale of alcohol and looks at how Norway has adapted itself to EU policy, noting the cases where the country has dug in its heels and when it has been acquiescent. This book will appeal to students and researchers with an interest in European integration and Nordic studies in general.




Nordic States and European Integration


Book Description

This book provides the first lengthy study of awkward states/partners in regional integration. Is awkwardness a characteristic of states in many global regions, or is it reducible to the particular case of the United Kingdom in European integration? The authors assess how far the concept of ‘awkwardness’ can travel, and apply it to the cases of the Nordic States’ involvement in and with the European Union - Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Iceland and Norway. The renewed interest in the Nordic region is in part thanks to recent events in the on-going crisis of European integration, and particular its member states’ response to the refugee question, which appears to be undermining years of intra-regional solidarity even between the Nordic countries. The security dimension of the region further broadens the book’s readership beyond Nordic Politics specialists to IR scholars, as the Nordic countries share borders with Russia and are key players in the Baltic Sea Strategy seeking to involve Russia in looser forms of regional cooperation.




The Nordic Countries and the European Security and Defence Policy


Book Description

In 1999 the EU decided to develop its own military capacities for crisis management. This book brings together a group of experts to examine the consequences of this decision on Nordic policy establishments, as well as to shed new light on the defence and security issues that matter for Europe as a whole.







Norwegian National Security Policy in the New Europe


Book Description

This paper asserts that Norwegian national security policy should integrate into the new, emerging European security order and focuses on the immediate and long-term challenges to Norwegian national security, the establishment of Norwegian security options within a unified Europe, and the development of military alternatives for Northern regional stability. Immediate security challenges, the need to shield Norway from crisis and instability in the Soviet Union/Russian Republic and the need to maintain links to an increasingly integrated Europe, are examined. Long-term security challenges, the need to maintain a transatlantic military link to the United States and develop a Eurostrategic perspective in Nordic security matters, are also discussed. Norwegian security options in the New Europe, the revitalized use of the Conference on Security and Cooperation (CSCE), European Community (EC) and European Economic Area (EEA), and Western European Union (WEU), are analyzed. Military alternatives to promote regional stability in the North, including the use of a revised NATO strategy, multinational ground forces and multinational naval forces are identified. The use of NATO Rapid Reaction Forces (RRF) and Multinational Maritime Forces (MMF), coupled with Norwegian political support, military commitment and logistic support for reinforcements, is recommended. This paper concludes that Norway should not pursue WEU membership but integrate into an emerging European security order based upon three pillars-the Atlantic Alliance, the EC and the CSCE.




The Geopolitics of Euro-Atlantic Integration


Book Description

No set of international relations is as thoroughly analyzed, commented on, taken apart and critiqued as the ties between Europe and the United States. A period of post-Cold War integration has been buffeted by trade disputes, economic strife and differences in prosecuting the fight against global terrorism. Now for the first time there is an accessible and theory-based analysis of European foreign policies in the post-Cold War era. The authors argue that EU- and NATO-mediated geopolitics prevails in most of Europe, but that raw geopolitics tends to pop up at the fringes of this thoroughly institutionalized area. Moreover, the effects of past geopolitics persist in the collective memories of several states and compete with contemporary geopolitics in their policy formulations. Focusing on the post-Cold War era, The Geopolitics of Euro-Atlantic Integration includes analyses of the Benelux, Nordic and Baltic countries, Central and East European countries and those in Southern Europe. This geographical range was made possible through contributions by leading European scholars and area experts. The coherence of this edited collection is facilitated by constellation theory, a new geopolitical theory explaining European foreign policies in a comparative perspective. Scenarios for the future of Europe are formulated as well as perspectives for the constellation theory when applied to other parts of the world. Of interest to political scientists, observers, academics and students, this is an invaluable guide to post-Cold War European relations.




Small States and Security in Europe


Book Description

This book studies how domestic contestation influences the security policy of small states within the European Union (EU) and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). A multinational group of expert contributors consider how domestic contestation is translated into small states’ foreign policies, how membership of international organisations alters attitudes to security policy in small states and how patterns of small states’ behaviour across domestic traditions, security cultures and geographical location can be identified. Anchored in new institutionalism, the book explores the influence of international organisations on security policies and the tensions created by connecting four strands of literature, on Europeanisation, on the impact of and on institutions, on the way foreign and security policy is made, and the security/strategic culture of small states. It will be of interest to all scholars and students of international relations, security studies, EU studies, area studies and politics.




Common Or Divided Security?


Book Description

Euro-Atlantic security is under pressure. Faced with geopolitical shifts and domestic disorder, the West has to rethink its security framework. Failure to reform EU and to revive NATO might lead the West back to the spectre of divided security. These challenges are addressed from the perspective of two European Allies: Germany and Norway.




Norway and the European Community


Book Description

This study explores the relationship between the European Community and one of the most important EFTA countries, Norway. The book recounts the steps leading to the signing of the European Economic Area agreement that will extend the EC's single internal market to the EFTA countries, explores the political dimension of Norway's relations with the EC, examines the economic dimension of the relationship, and considers Norwegian integration--past, present, and future.