Bubbly Flows


Book Description

The book summarises the outcom of a priority research programme: 'Analysis, Modelling and Computation of Multiphase Flows'. The results of 24 individual research projects are presented. The main objective of the research programme was to provide a better understanding of the physical basis for multiphase gas-liquid flows as they are found in numerous chemical and biochemical reactors. The research comprises steady and unsteady multiphase flows in three frequently found reactor configurations, namely bubble columns without interiors, airlift loop reactors, and aerated stirred vessels. For this purpose new and improved measurement techniques were developed. From the resulting knowledge and data, new and refined models for describing the underlying physical processes were developed, which were used for the establishment and improvement of analytic as well as numerical methods for predicting multiphase reactors. Thereby, the development, lay-out and scale-up of such processes should be possible on a more reliable basis.




Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow


Book Description

This book focuses on heat and mass transfer, fluid flow, chemical reaction, and other related processes that occur in engineering equipment, the natural environment, and living organisms. Using simple algebra and elementary calculus, the author develops numerical methods for predicting these processes mainly based on physical considerations. Through this approach, readers will develop a deeper understanding of the underlying physical aspects of heat transfer and fluid flow as well as improve their ability to analyze and interpret computed results.




Finite Analytic Method in Flows and Heat Transfer


Book Description

This book contains the fundamental development of the finite analytic method and gives a systematic coverage of knowledge needed for numerical computation of fluid flows and heat transfer. It will be helpful to many including graduate students studying computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer.




Principles of Heat Transfer in Porous Media


Book Description

Although the empirical treatment of fluid flow and heat transfer in porous media is over a century old, only in the last three decades has the transport in these heterogeneous systems been addressed in detail. So far, single-phase flows in porous media have been treated or at least formulated satisfactorily, while the subject of two-phase flow and the related heat-transfer in porous media is still in its infancy. This book identifies the principles of transport in porous media and compares the avalaible predictions based on theoretical treatments of various transport mechanisms with the existing experimental results. The theoretical treatment is based on the volume-averaging of the momentum and energy equations with the closure conditions necessary for obtaining solutions. While emphasizing a basic understanding of heat transfer in porous media, this book does not ignore the need for predictive tools; whenever a rigorous theoretical treatment of a phenomena is not avaliable, semi-empirical and empirical treatments are given.




Conjugate Problems in Convective Heat Transfer


Book Description

Illustrates Calculations Using Machine and Technological Processes The conjugate heat transfer (CHT) problem addresses the thermal interaction between a body and fluid flowing over or through it. This is an essential consideration in nature and different areas of engineering, including mechanics, aerospace, nuclear engineering, biology, and meteorology. Advanced conjugate modeling of the heat transfer process is now used extensively in a wide range of applications. Conjugate Problems in Convective Heat Transfer addresses the latest theory, methods, and applications associated with both analytical and numerical methods of solution CHT problems and their exact and approximate solutions. It demonstrates how the true value of a CHT solution is derived by applying these solutions to contemporary engineering design analysis. Assembling cutting-edge information on modern modeling from more than 200 publications, this book presents more than 100 example applications in thermal treatment materials, machinery operation, and technological processes. Creating a practical review of current CHT development, the author includes methods associated with estimating heat transfer, particularly that from arbitrary non-isothermal surfaces in both laminar and turbulent flows. Harnesses the Modeling Power of CHT Unique in its consistent compilation and application of current knowledge, this book presents advanced CHT analysis as a powerful tool for modeling various device operations and technological processes, from relatively simple procedures to complex multistage, nonlinear processes.




The Finite Volume Method in Computational Fluid Dynamics


Book Description

This textbook explores both the theoretical foundation of the Finite Volume Method (FVM) and its applications in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Readers will discover a thorough explanation of the FVM numerics and algorithms used for the simulation of incompressible and compressible fluid flows, along with a detailed examination of the components needed for the development of a collocated unstructured pressure-based CFD solver. Two particular CFD codes are explored. The first is uFVM, a three-dimensional unstructured pressure-based finite volume academic CFD code, implemented within Matlab. The second is OpenFOAMĀ®, an open source framework used in the development of a range of CFD programs for the simulation of industrial scale flow problems. With over 220 figures, numerous examples and more than one hundred exercise on FVM numerics, programming, and applications, this textbook is suitable for use in an introductory course on the FVM, in an advanced course on numerics, and as a reference for CFD programmers and researchers.







Numerical Methods in Turbulence Simulation


Book Description

Numerical Methods in Turbulence Simulation provides detailed specifications of the numerical methods needed to solve important problems in turbulence simulation. Numerical simulation of turbulent fluid flows is challenging because of the range of space and time scales that must be represented. This book provides explanations of the numerical error and stability characteristics of numerical techniques, along with treatments of the additional numerical challenges that arise in large eddy simulations. Chapters are written as tutorials by experts in the field, covering specific both contexts and applications. Three classes of turbulent flow are addressed, including incompressible, compressible and reactive, with a wide range of the best numerical practices covered. A thorough introduction to the numerical methods is provided for those without a background in turbulence, as is everything needed for a thorough understanding of the fundamental equations. The small scales that must be resolved are generally not localized around some distinct small-scale feature, but instead are distributed throughout a volume. These characteristics put particular strain on the numerical methods used to simulate turbulent flows. - Includes a detailed review of the numerical approximation issues that impact the simulation of turbulence - Provides a range of examples of large eddy simulation techniques - Discusses the challenges posed by boundary conditions in turbulence simulation and provides approaches to addressing them




Computational Thermo-Fluid Dynamics


Book Description

Combining previously unconnected computational methods, this monograph discusses the latest basic schemes and algorithms for the solution of fluid, heat and mass transfer problems coupled with electrodynamics. It presents the necessary mathematical background of computational thermo-fluid dynamics, the numerical implementation and the application to real-world problems. Particular emphasis is placed throughout on the use of electromagnetic fields to control the heat, mass and fluid flows in melts and on phase change phenomena during the solidification of pure materials and binary alloys. However, the book provides much more than formalisms and algorithms; it also stresses the importance of good, feasible and workable models to understand complex systems, and develops these in detail. Bringing computational fluid dynamics, thermodynamics and electrodynamics together, this is a useful source for materials scientists, PhD students, solid state physicists, process engineers and mechanical engineers, as well as lecturers in mechanical engineering.




Applications of Mathematical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Models in Engineering and Medicine


Book Description

Applications of mathematical heat transfer and fluid flow models in engineering and medicine Abram S. Dorfman, University of Michigan, USA Engineering and medical applications of cutting-edge heat and flow models This book presents innovative efficient methods in fluid flow and heat transfer developed and widely used over the last fifty years. The analysis is focused on mathematical models which are an essential part of any research effort as they demonstrate the validity of the results obtained. The universality of mathematics allows consideration of engineering and biological problems from one point of view using similar models. In this book, the current situation of applications of modern mathematical models is outlined in three parts. Part I offers in depth coverage of the applications of contemporary conjugate heat transfer models in various industrial and technological processes, from aerospace and nuclear reactors to drying and food processing. In Part II the theory and application of two recently developed models in fluid flow are considered: the similar conjugate model for simulation of biological systems, including flows in human organs, and applications of the latest developments in turbulence simulation by direct solution of Navier-Stokes equations, including flows around aircraft. Part III proposes fundamentals of laminar and turbulent flows and applied mathematics methods. The discussion is complimented by 365 examples selected from a list of 448 cited papers, 239 exercises and 136 commentaries. Key features: Peristaltic flows in normal and pathologic human organs. Modeling flows around aircraft at high Reynolds numbers. Special mathematical exercises allow the reader to complete expressions derivation following directions from the text. Procedure for preliminary choice between conjugate and common simple methods for particular problem solutions. Criterions of conjugation, definition of semi-conjugate solutions. This book is an ideal reference for graduate and post-graduate students and engineers.