Ocular Biomechanics in Health and Pathophysiology


Book Description

Biomechanical mechanisms may contribute to a large number of visual processes and pathologies, including glaucoma, keratoconus, refractive surgery, accommodation, presbyopia, myopia, hyperopia, trauma, retinal detachment, ocular development, vitreous substitution, cataract surgery, corneal transplant, and many others. Departures from homeostatic loading may drive a large number of these processes in ways we are only beginning to recognize. This Research Topic will explore how ocular biomechanics contribute to both the homeostasis and pathophysiology of the eye and visual system. It is generally unknown whether changes in load drive changes in biomechanical properties or vice versa. Clarifying driving forces for disease and elucidating the pathophysiologic response will ultimately enable the development of targeted treatments for many ocular and visual diseases for which biomechanics plays a role.




Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology


Book Description

This book provides a wide-ranging overview of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms in ophthalmology. Expertly written chapters examine AI in age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, retinopathy of prematurity and diabetic retinopathy screening. AI perspectives, systems and limitations are all carefully assessed throughout the book as well as the technical aspects of DL systems for retinal diseases including the application of Google DeepMind, the Singapore algorithm, and the Johns Hopkins algorithm. Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology meets the need for a resource that reviews the benefits and pitfalls of AI, ML and DL in ophthalmology. Ophthalmologists, optometrists, eye-care workers, neurologists, cardiologists, internal medicine specialists, AI engineers and IT specialists with an interest in how AI can help with early diagnosis and monitoring treatment in ophthalmic patients will find this book to be an indispensable guide to an evolving area of healthcare technology.




Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization, and Machine Learning


Book Description

A gentle introduction to genetic algorithms. Genetic algorithms revisited: mathematical foundations. Computer implementation of a genetic algorithm. Some applications of genetic algorithms. Advanced operators and techniques in genetic search. Introduction to genetics-based machine learning. Applications of genetics-based machine learning. A look back, a glance ahead. A review of combinatorics and elementary probability. Pascal with random number generation for fortran, basic, and cobol programmers. A simple genetic algorithm (SGA) in pascal. A simple classifier system(SCS) in pascal. Partition coefficient transforms for problem-coding analysis.




Glaucoma Imaging


Book Description

This atlas offers a truly comprehensive update on the use of imaging technologies for the diagnosis and follow-up of glaucoma. In addition to standard automated perimetry, gonioscopy, fundus photography, and stereophotography, other advanced, high-resolution methods for imaging the eye in glaucoma are explained in detail, including ultrasound biomicroscopy, confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, scanning laser polarimetry, and spectral domain optical coherence tomography. The role of the various tests and the keys to optimizing their use in clinical practice are detailed with the aid of high-quality figures in order to enable the reader to achieve the best possible performance when applying these tools. The risk of developing visual disability and blindness as a consequence of glaucoma varies widely among affected individuals. Personalized testing strategies and tailored therapeutic interventions are required to effectively reduce visual impairment due to glaucoma. Glaucoma Imaging will assist residents, researchers, and clinicians in improving their ability to understand and integrate the information obtained using traditional techniques with the reports provided by computer-assisted image instruments.




Clinical Decisions in Glaucoma


Book Description

This text provides a practical and expert problem-solving approach to the diagnosis and management of the glaucoma patient. The authors place emphasis on an approach to chronic, year-in, year-out care of the glaucoma patient - one of the most challenging management issues of the general ophthalmologists' practice. The first section of the book reviews the differential diagnosis of the patients who present with signs and symptoms suggestive of glaucoma, such as elevated pressure, abnormal optic nerve head, abnormal visual field and abnormal anterior chamber angle. The second section focuses on the chronic management of glaucoma. The authors describe the thought process/clinical decisions used to formulate and monitor treatment. In particular, they describe: how to determine the vigour with which to treat and monitor the individual patient; and how to determine if treatment is adequate and/or successful.




Deep Learning in Medical Image Analysis


Book Description

This book presents cutting-edge research and applications of deep learning in a broad range of medical imaging scenarios, such as computer-aided diagnosis, image segmentation, tissue recognition and classification, and other areas of medical and healthcare problems. Each of its chapters covers a topic in depth, ranging from medical image synthesis and techniques for muskuloskeletal analysis to diagnostic tools for breast lesions on digital mammograms and glaucoma on retinal fundus images. It also provides an overview of deep learning in medical image analysis and highlights issues and challenges encountered by researchers and clinicians, surveying and discussing practical approaches in general and in the context of specific problems. Academics, clinical and industry researchers, as well as young researchers and graduate students in medical imaging, computer-aided-diagnosis, biomedical engineering and computer vision will find this book a great reference and very useful learning resource.




Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology


Book Description

Keeping up to date with advances in comprehensive ophthalmology and in the ophthalmic sub-specialties is extremely difficult because of the accelerating rapidity with which new information and technology become available and the diminishing time and opportunity for practitioners and trainees to read and learn. The first edition of Albert and Jakobiec’s Principles and Practice (1994) was conceived with the idea of utilizing an electronic, updated version in which the chapters were revised by the chapter authors on an annual or semi-annual basis, but the technology was not sufficiently advanced to achieve this goal. Subsequent editions (2000 and 2008) were organized by Saunders and the last published by Elsevier (of which Springer has obtained the complete rights to move forward with the 4th edition, see attachment). For nearly three decades, this text has provided its readers with authoritative and comprehensive coverage of clinical ophthalmology, written and edited by a group of authors who represented a “Who’s Who” in ophthalmology. By using Springer’s Meteor platform, with its ability to allow authors and editors access to updating their chapters online annually/semi-annually, and with the recruitment of select chapter authors, this work’s usefulness as the standard text in ophthalmology will be maintained and expanded upon by Springer. The 4th edition of this comprehensive and authoritative text is written by hundreds of the most distinguished authorities from around the world and edited by four leaders in the field, providing today's best answers to every question that arises in ophthalmology practice. Richly illustrated with thousands of high quality, full color, clinically-relevant images, Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology, 4th Edition covers every scientific and clinical principle in ophthalmology, ensuring that the reader will always be able to find the guidance needed to diagnose and manage patients' ocular problems and meet today's standards of care. Written for practicing ophthalmologists and trainees, this book delivers in-depth guidance on new diagnostic approaches, operative techniques, and treatment options, as well as coherent explanations of new scientific concept and its clinical importance. The 4th edition will prove to be the source every practicing clinician needs to efficiently and confidently overcome any clinical challenge they may face. Updates include new chapters on anterior and posterior segment diseases, as well as chapters more focused on treatment, plus thousands of new, high-quality, color images and illustrations, updated references, and information on the most cutting-edge technology used by clinicians in their practices today. Additionally, readers will enjoy the same, user-friendly, full-color design they remember from the previous edition, complete with many at-a-glance summary tables, algorithms, boxes, and diagrams that allow the reader to locate the assistance needed more rapidly than ever.




Ocular Fluid Dynamics


Book Description

The chapters in this contributed volume showcase current theoretical approaches in the modeling of ocular fluid dynamics in health and disease. By including chapters written by experts from a variety of fields, this volume will help foster a genuinely collaborative spirit between clinical and research scientists. It vividly illustrates the advantages of clinical and experimental methods, data-driven modeling, and physically-based modeling, while also detailing the limitations of each approach. Blood, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, tear film, and cerebrospinal fluid each have a section dedicated to their anatomy and physiology, pathological conditions, imaging techniques, and mathematical modeling. Because each fluid receives a thorough analysis from experts in their respective fields, this volume stands out among the existing ophthalmology literature. Ocular Fluid Dynamics is ideal for current and future graduate students in applied mathematics and ophthalmology who wish to explore the field by investigating open questions, experimental technologies, and mathematical models. It will also be a valuable resource for researchers in mathematics, engineering, physics, computer science, chemistry, ophthalmology, and more.




Getting Started in Clinical Radiology


Book Description

I read the book for enjoyment and pleasure, as well as enlightenment. It was a delightful learning experience.--Thomas Lee Bucky, MDThis book teaches radiology in a way that mimics a lively setting on the wards. To have fun in learning the theoretical basis of imaging and the interpretation of radiographs and other modalities, in the context of clinical examination and findings, this is the book for you.The basics of imaging are described using analogies from daily life to make them as understandable and memorable as possible. The material of radiology is described using actual cases; the most common differential diagnoses are presented. A great amount of image material supports the learning process.A storyline runs through the book: four students in their final year of medical school are involved in active discussion of the cases, so that the reader also feels a part of the diagnostic process.