OECD Economic Surveys: Russian Federation 2011


Book Description

OECD's 2011 Economic Survey of the Russian Federation examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects; the business climate, the fiscal framework, monetary policy, and energy efficiency.




OECD Economic Surveys: Brazil 2011


Book Description

This 2011 OECD Eocnomic Survey of Brazil examines recent economic developments, policy and prospects. It also takes a special look at investment and infrastructure.




OECD Economic Surveys: Estonia 2019


Book Description

Estonia’s economy continues to perform well, and growing incomes support well-being. However, the expansion has peaked, and growth is set to soften due to weak international demand. Prudent fiscal policy has resulted in low debt, but spending pressures related to meeting infrastructure needs and ageing are mounting. Old age poverty is high and the proposal to allow early withdrawal of pension funds threatens macroeconomic stability and pension adequacy. The gender wage gap is among the highest in the OECD, and inequalities in income and health are considerable, reflecting gaps in the social safety net. The oil-shale sector is highly energy-intensive and is the main culprit behind Estonia’s high greenhouse gas emissions, but reducing dependence on the sector is challenging, as it is an important employer and meets 70% of Estonia’s energy needs.




OECD Economic Surveys: Russian Federation 2011


Book Description

OECD's 2011 Economic Survey of the Russian Federation examines recent economic developments, policies and prospects; the business climate, the fiscal framework, monetary policy, and energy efficiency.




OECD Economic Surveys: France 2021


Book Description

The French economy rebounded quickly following the COVID-19 crisis, in particular thanks to the acceleration of the vaccination campaign and strong public support measures. Rapid and effective implementation of the recovery and investment plans would help support stronger and more sustainable growth.




OECD Economic Surveys: Israel 2020


Book Description

The Israeli economy was performing well before the COVID-19 shock but the pandemic is threatening to reverse some of Israel’s recent economic achievements, raise poverty and exacerbate wide productivity disparities between its vibrant high-tech sector and lagging sheltered sectors. Lockdown measures and high uncertainty have led to a sharp contraction in output and reduced employment.




OECD Economic Surveys: Russian Federation 2013


Book Description

This 2013 edition of OECD's period review of the Russian economy examines recent economic developments, prospects and policies. A special chapter covers boosting productivity by improving the business climate and skills.




Income Inequality


Book Description

Income inequality is rising. A quarter of a century ago, the average disposable income of the richest 10% in OECD countries was around seven times higher than that of the poorest 10%; today, it's around 9½ times higher. Why does this matter? Many fear this widening gap is hurting individuals, societies and even economies. This book explores income inequality across five main headings. It starts by explaining some key terms in the inequality debate. It then examines recent trends and explains why income inequality varies between countries. Next it looks at why income gaps are growing and, in particular, at the rise of the 1%. It then looks at the consequences, including research that suggests widening inequality could hurt economic growth. Finally, it examines policies for addressing inequality and making economies more inclusive.







Doing Better for Families


Book Description

This book looks at the different ways in which governments support families.