Test No. 222: Earthworm Reproduction Test (Eisenia fetida/Eisenia andrei)


Book Description

This Test Guideline is designed to be used for assessing the effects of chemicals in soil on the reproductive output (and other sub-lethal end points) of the earthworm species Eisenia fetida or Eisenia andrei. Adult worms are exposed to a range of ...







OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 218: Sediment-Water Chironomid Toxicity Using Spiked Sediment


Book Description

This Test Guideline is designed to assess the effects of prolonged exposure of chemicals to the sediment-dwelling larvae of the freshwater dipteran Chironomus sp. First instar chironomid larvae are exposed to at least five concentrations of the test ...




OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 219: Sediment-Water Chironomid Toxicity Using Spiked Water


Book Description

This Test Guideline is designed to assess the effects of prolonged exposure of chemicals to the sediment-dwelling larvae of the freshwater dipteran Chironomus sp. First instar chironomid larvae are exposed to at least five concentrations of the test ...




OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 227: Terrestrial Plant Test: Vegetative Vigour Test


Book Description

This Test Guideline is designed to assess effects on vegetative vigour of terrestrial plants following above-ground exposure by general chemicals, biocides and crop protection products. The test can be conducted in order to determine the ...




OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 208: Terrestrial Plant Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test


Book Description

This Test Guideline is designed to assess effects on seedling emergence and early growth of higher plants following exposure to the test substance applied to the soil surface or into the soil. Seeds are placed in contact with soil treated with the ...




Principles and Methods of Toxicology, Fifth Edition


Book Description

Founded on the paradox that all things are poisons and the difference between poison and remedy is quantity, the determination of safe dosage forms the base and focus of modern toxicology. In order to make a sound determination there must be a working knowledge of the biologic mechanisms involved and of the methods employed to define these mechanisms. While the vastness of the field and the rapid accumulation of data may preclude the possibility of absorbing and retaining more than a fraction of the available information, a solid understanding of the underlying principles is essential. Extensively revised and updated with four new chapters and an expanded glossary, this fifth edition of the classic text, Principles and Methods of Toxicology provides comprehensive coverage in a manageable and accessible format. New topics include 'toxicopanomics', plant and animal poisons, information resources, and non-animal testing alternatives. Emphasizing the cornerstones of toxicology-people differ, dose matters, and things change, the book begins with a review of the history of toxicology and followed by an explanation of basic toxicological principles, agents that cause toxicity, target organ toxicity, and toxicological testing methods including many of the test protocols required to meet regulatory needs worldwide. The book examines each method or procedure from the standpoint of technique and interpretation of data and discusses problems and pitfalls that may be associated with each. The addition of several new authors allow for a broader and more diverse treatment of the ever-changing and expanding field of toxicology. Maintaining the high-quality information and organizational framework that made the previous editions so successful, Principles and Methods of Toxicology, Fifth Edition continues to be a valuable resource for the advanced practitioner as well as the new disciple of toxicology.




Earthworm Assisted Remediation of Effluents and Wastes


Book Description

This book provides updated and comprehensive information on the effective functioning of earthworms used alone or in combination with other biological systems/microbes, as well as factors affecting the process and performance of vermiremediation under a range of conditions. It also compares earthworm assisted vermifiltration with other conventional biochemical methods. Presenting cutting-edge research on the earthworm assisted remediation of industrial and municipal effluents and sludges, along with its role in solid waste management (SWM), the book will benefit readers from the research community and industrial sector alike, familiarizing them with the latest remediation techniques for wastewater and different types of solid waste.




OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals Fifteenth Addendum - 2004


Book Description

The OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals are a collection of internationally agreed methods for testing the safety of chemicals and chemical preparations, including pesticides and industrial chemicals. This 2005 update contains 11 new and 3 revised guidelines.




Hayes' Principles and Methods of Toxicology


Book Description

Hayes' Principles and Methods of Toxicology has long been established as a reliable reference to the concepts, methodologies, and assessments integral to toxicology. The new sixth edition has been revised and updated while maintaining the same high standards that have made this volume a benchmark resource in the field. With new authors and new chap