Women in the Ancient Near East


Book Description

Women in the Ancient Near East offers a lucid account of the daily life of women in Mesopotamia from the third millennium BCE until the beginning of the Hellenistic period. The book systematically presents the lives of women emerging from the available cuneiform material and discusses modern scholarly opinion. Stol’s book is the first full-scale treatment of the history of women in the Ancient Near East.







Writing, Law, and Kingship in Old Babylonian Mesopotamia


Book Description

Ancient Mesopotamia, the fertile crescent between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in what is now western Iraq and eastern Syria, is considered to be the cradle of civilization—home of the Babylonian and Assyrian empires, as well as the great Code of Hammurabi. The Code was only part of a rich juridical culture from 2200–1600 BCE that saw the invention of writing and the development of its relationship to law, among other remarkable firsts. Though ancient history offers inexhaustible riches, Dominique Charpin focuses here on the legal systems of Old Babylonian Mesopotamia and offers considerable insight into how writing and the law evolved together to forge the principles of authority, precedent, and documentation that dominate us to this day. As legal codes throughout the region evolved through advances in cuneiform writing, kings and governments were able to stabilize their control over distant realms and impose a common language—which gave rise to complex social systems overseen by magistrates, judges, and scribes that eventually became the vast empires of history books. Sure to attract any reader with an interest in the ancient Near East, as well as rhetoric, legal history, and classical studies, this book is an innovative account of the intertwined histories of law and language.




The Code of Hammurabi


Book Description

The Code of Hammurabi (Codex Hammurabi) is a well-preserved ancient law code, created ca. 1790 BC (middle chronology) in ancient Babylon. It was enacted by the sixth Babylonian king, Hammurabi. One nearly complete example of the Code survives today, inscribed on a seven foot, four inch tall basalt stele in the Akkadian language in the cuneiform script. One of the first written codes of law in recorded history. These laws were written on a stone tablet standing over eight feet tall (2.4 meters) that was found in 1901.




A History of Ancient Near Eastern Law (2 vols)


Book Description

The first comprehensive survey of the world's oldest known legal systems, this collaborative work of twenty-two scholars covers over 3,000 years of legal history of the Ancient Near East. Each of the book's chapters represents a review of the law of a particular period and region, e.g. the Egyptian Old Kingdom, by a specialist in that area. Within each chapter, the material is organized under standardized legal categories (e.g. constitutional law, family law) that make for easy cross-referencing. The chapters are arranged chronologically by millennium and within each millennium by the three major politico-cultural spheres of the region: Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Anatolia and the Levant. An introduction by the editor discusses the general character of Ancient Near Eastern Law.




Mesopotamia


Book Description

Der erste Teil bietet eine kritische Gesamtschau unseres Wissens und zugleich eine EinfÃ"hrung in das Studium der altassyrischen Epoche (die ersten beiden Jahrhunderte des 2. Jahrtausends), wie wir sie durch Entdeckungen in Assur und die Keilschriftarchive der altassyrischen Händler kennen, die in der Handelskolonie (genannt karum) in der Unterstadt des alten Kanesh (moderne KÃ"ltepe) in Zentralanatolien lebten. Die ersten Kapitel bestimmen, was "altassyrisch" ist und analysieren die Chronologie und die verfÃ"gbaren archäologischen und schriftlichen Quellen. Darauf folgt eine kritische Darstellung der Veröffentlichungen zu den altassyrischen Quellen. Nach einem Abriss der Altassyrischen Geschichte folgt ein Ãberblick zur "anatolischen Situation", der die Städte, lokale Herrscher und die rund vierzig altassyrischen Handelsniederlassungen in Nordmesopotamien und Anatolien behandelt. Ein eigenes Kapitel ist den wichtigen altassyrischen Handelsverträgen gewidmet. Der zweite Teil fasst die jÃ"ngsten Erkenntnisse zur Geschichte Nordsyriens zeitgleich mit der späten Phase des altassyrischen Handels zusammen. Der ausfÃ"hrlichen Untersuchung der Quellen ist ein Appendix der wichtigsten Texte beigefÃ"gt. Das Buch ist durch umfassende Indices erschlossen und enthält eine ausfÃ"hrliche Bibliographie.




Law and Trade in Ancient Mesopotamia and Anatolia


Book Description

This book contains a selection of nineteen articles published by K.R. Veenhof, focusing on his main field of study: law and trade in the Old Babylonian and Old Assyrian society of the early second millennium B.C. They were originally published in journals, conference proceedings and collective volumes over the past fifty years. Their reissue here is motivated by their lasting value and their fundamental importance to the study of these subjects.It includes both "broad" articles, which give an introduction to or an overview of a specific subject, e.g. Old Assyrian trade and the practice of justice in Babylonia in the early second millennium B.C., and "narrow" ones that give an in-depth study of a single issue or a single text, such as a problematic paragraph of Hammurabi's law code or the meaning of the noun iṣurtum. The first two articles provide a general introduction to the subject; the next nine focus on Old Assyrian society, and the final eight concern Old Babylonian.The inclusion of "broad" and "narrow" articles makes this publication of interest both to the well-informed general reader interested in the Ancient Near East and to the specialist working on Old Babylonian and Old Assyrian society.Prof. dr. Klaas R. Veenhof (1935) was a teacher at the Catholic University of Nijmegen, professor at the Free University of Amsterdam and from 1982 until his retirement in 2000 professor at the University of Leiden. Key publications are his dissertation "Aspects of Old Assyrian Trade and its Terminology" (1972), "The Old Assyrian list of year eponyms from Karum Kanish and its chronological implications" (2003), and several editions of Old Assyrian texts, especially "Altassyrische Tontafeln aus Kültepe" (1992) and Kültepe Tabletleri 5 and 8 (2005 and 2010).




Babylonia


Book Description

Exploring key historical events as well as the day-to-day life of the ancient Babylonians. A comprehensive guide to one of history's most profound civilizations.




A Grammar of Old Assyrian


Book Description

A Grammar of Old Assyrian' describes the language contained in a very large corpus of cuneiform tablets mainly found in Anatolia in the middle of Turkey and dating to ca 1900-1700 BC. These tablets come from the archives of a community of Assyrian merchants who conducted a long-distance trade between Assyria and Anatolia and eventually settled in Anatolia. Alongside Babylonian, Assyrian is one of the main branches of Akkadian, the Semitic language spoken in Mesopotamia (roughly present-day Iraq) in the third, second and first millennium BC, and Old Assyrian is its oldest attested stage. Old Assyrian is one of the oldest and largest corpora of texts in any Semitic language.




The Assyrian Laws


Book Description