Oneota Ceramics in Iowa


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The Kingston Oneota Site


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Iowa's Archaeological Past


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Iowa has more than eighteen thousand archaeological sites, and research in the past few decades has transformed our knowledge of the state's human past. Drawing on the discoveries of many avocational and professional scientists, Lynn Alex describes Iowa's unique archaeological record as well as the challenges faced by today's researchers, armed with innovative techniques for the discovery and recovery of archaeological remains and increasingly refined frameworks for interpretation. The core of this book--which includes many historic photographs and maps as well as numerous new maps and drawings and a generous selection of color photos--explores in detail what archaeologists have learned from studying the state's material remains and their contexts. Examining the projectile points, potsherds, and patterns that make up the archaeological record, Alex describes the nature of the earliest settlements in Iowa, the development of farming cultures, the role of the environment and environmental change, geomorphology and the burial of sites, interaction among native societies, tribal affiliation of early historic groups, and the arrival and impact of Euro-Americans. In a final chapter, she examines the question of stewardship and the protection of Iowa's many archaeological resources.




Punctate Variation Among the La Crosse Area Oneota Ceramics After the 1500s


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In observing the ceramic assemblage of State Road (LC34176) at the Mississippi Valley Archaeological Center, I identified unrecognized stylistic variations among the decorated sherds present. While other studies have examined the larger picture, this analysis narrows the focus to variations within punctates in relation to motifs. Each sherd was visually examined for variations in tool use, punctates, trail marks, and rim decoration. The study revealed that variation in punctates was due to tool choice, application, and motif. In addition, V-Filler/Chevron motifs were typically created with a sharp tool, whereas the Repeating Rectangle motif was primarily composed of a blunt tool. These numerous variations, described as isochrestic and symbolic variation, indicate that variation among punctates is due to individual expression and human agency. Through graphs and visual observations, variations among punctates in Oneota pottery reveal a group of people who wished to express themselves outside of the larger material culture.




The Ioway Indians


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This account is the first extensive ethnohistory of the Ioway Indians, whose influence - out of all proportion to their numbers - stemmed partly from the strategic location of their homeland between the Mississippi and Missouri rivers. Beginning with archaeological sites in northeast Iowa, Martha Royce Blaine traces Ioway history from ancient to modern times. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, French, Spanish, and English traders vied for the tribe's favor and for permission to cross their lands. The Ioways fought in the French and Indian War in New York, the War of 1812, and the Civil War, but ultimately their influence waned as they slowly lost control of their sovereignty and territory. By the end of the nineteenth century, the Ioways were separated in reservations in Nebraska, Kansas, and Indian Territory. A new preface by the author carries the story to modern times and discusses the present status of and issues concerning the Oklahoma and the Kansas and Nebraska Ioways.




The Grant Oneota Village


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