Corrosion Control


Book Description

Human beings undoubtedly became aware of corrosion just after they made their first metals. These people probably began to control corrosion very so on after that by trying to keep metal away from corrosive environments. "Bring your tools in out of the rain" and "Clean the blood off your sword right after battle" would have been early maxims. Now that the mechanisms of corrosion are better understood, more techniques have been developed to control it. My corrosion experience extends over 10 years in industry and research and over 20 years teaching corrosion courses to university engineering students and industrial consulting. During that time I have developed an approach to corrosion that has successfully trained over 1500 engineers. This book treats corrosion and high-temperature oxidation separately. Corrosion is divided into three groups: (1) chemical dissolution including uniform attack, (2) electrochemical corrosion from either metallurgicalor environmental cells, and (3) corrosive-mechanical interactions. It seems more logical to group corrosion according to mechanisms than to arbitrarily separate them into 8 or 20 different types of corrosion as if they were unrelated. University students and industry personnel alike generally are afraid of chemistry and consequently approach corrosion theory very hesitantly. In this text the electrochemical reactions responsible for corrosion are summed up in only five simple half-cell reactions. When these are combined on a polarization diagram, which is explained in detail, the electrochemical pro cesses become obvious.




Materials for Nonlinear Optics


Book Description

This volume exposes the chemistry community to the critical role that chemistry can and must play in nonlinear optics research. In addition, it brings together those researchers who synthesize and characterize materials from a variety of systems, with those who build devices, giving chemists, physicists, and engineers a greater appreciation for the opportunities that lie ahead in understanding and developing nonlinear optical materials. The volume begins with a discussion of polarizability and hyperpolarizability from the view of a chemist. Tutorial chapters dealing with the fundamental structures and properties of second- and third-order nonlinear optical materials, measurement and characterization of these systems, theoretical considerations, application of these systems to devices, and overviews of the current state of affairs in both organic and inorganic nonlinear optical materials follow.







A History of Old English Literature


Book Description

A HISTORY OF OLD ENGLISH LITERATURE A History of Old English Literature has been significantly revised to provide an unequivocal response to the renewed historicism in medieval studies. Focusing on the production and reception of Old English texts and on their relation to Anglo-Saxon history and culture, this new edition covers an exceptionally broad array of genres. These range from riddles and cryptograms to allegory, liturgical texts, and romance, as well as lyric poetry and heroic legend. The authors also integrate discussions of Anglo-Latin texts, crucial to understanding the development of Old English literature. This second edition incorporates extensive reference to scholarship that has evolved over the past decade, with new chapters on both Anglo-Saxon manuscripts and on incidental and marginal texts. There is expanded treatment throughout, including increased coverage of legal texts and scientific and scholastic texts. The book concludes with a retrospective outline of the reception of Anglo-Saxon literature and culture in subsequent periods.




Essential Endodontology


Book Description

The authoritative reference that continues to present a systematic analysis of the scientific basis of endodontology The third edition of Essential Endodontology: Prevention and Treatment of Apical Periodontitis has been revised and updated to include the most recent developments in the field, maintaining its position as the major scientific treatise of apical periodontitis. Making an often-complex subject more digestible, the book explores the scientific basis of endodontology, adopting a systematic analysis of the available clinical and laboratory evidence. Promoting apical periodontitis as a disease entity, the comprehensive third edition focuses on its biology and clinical features, enabling the reader to have a better understanding of its diagnosis, prevention and treatment. In addition to thorough updates and full colour illustrations throughout, a new chapter on regenerative endodontics has been added to this edition. Written with a focus on the scientific basis of endodontology Includes a new chapter on regenerative endodontics Presents the most current information and major developments in this fast-moving field Provides helpful learning outcomes in each chapter Contains full colour illustrations, enriching the text Features contributions from a noted panel of international experts, including new contributors from across the globe Regarded as a vital companion to the pursuit of excellence in postgraduate and specialist education, Essential Endodontology is an indispensable and accessible resource for practicing endodontists, postgraduate students of endodontology and those seeking professional certification in endodontology.




Nonlinear Optical Properties of Organic Molecules and Crystals V1


Book Description

Nonlinear Optical Properties of Organic Molecules and Crystals, Volume 1 discusses the nonlinear optical effects in organic molecules and crystals, providing a classical distinction between quadratic and cubic processes. This book begins with a general overview of the basic properties of organic matter, followed by a review on the benefits derived from quantum-chemistry-based models and growth and characterization of high quality, bulk organic crystals and waveguided structures. A case study focusing on a specific material, namely urea, which exemplifies a situation in which transparency in the UV region has been purposely traded for nonlinear efficiency is also deliberated. This text concludes with a description of a type of trade-off between the unpredictable orientation of molecules in crystalline media, polarity of liquid-crystalline structures, and dominant electronic contribution to the electro-optic effect. This publication is beneficial to solid-state physicists and chemists concerned with nonlinear optical properties of organic molecules and crystals.




Griots and Griottes


Book Description

A comprehensive illustrated portrait of griots and griottes including extensive reference materials.




The Effectiveness of Rehabilitation for Cognitive Deficits


Book Description

"In this book, some of the leading clinicians and cognitive neuroscientists consider the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation. They situate the issues within an overall context that considers the different types and levels of diagnosis and assessment, the adequacy of underlying cognitive theory for rehabilitation, and more importantly, the clinical effectiveness of current treatments to improve functional recovery. By employing an evidence-based approach that critically evaluates the published literature, the book provides for a better understanding of the strengths and limitations of the cognitive approach and hopefully a more realistic expectation of its outcome for patients with neurological deficits." "The book will serve as a valuable source for a wide spectrum of professionals who deal with the neuropsychological and neurological effects of brain damage."--BOOK JACKET.




Council of Europe Charter on Education for Democratic Citizenship and Human Rights Education


Book Description

Education plays an essential role in the promotion of the core values of the Council of Europe: democracy, human rights And The rule of law, As well as in the prevention of human rights violations. More generally, education is increasingly seen as a defence against the rise of violence, racism, extremism, xenophobia, discrimination and intolerance. This growing awareness is reflected in the adoption of the Council of Europe Charter on Education for Democratic Citizenship and Human Rights Education (EDC/ HRE) by the Organisation's 47 member states in the framework of Recommendation CM/Rec(2010)7. The Charter was developed over a period of several years as a result of wide-ranging consultations and is non-binding. it will be an important reference point for all those dealing with citizenship and human rights education. it will hopefully provide a focus and catalyst for action in the member states, As well as a way of disseminating good practice and raising standards throughout Europe and beyond.