Peptide Catalysts, including Catalytic Amyloids


Book Description

Peptide Catalysts, including Catalytic Amyloids, Volume 697 in this esteemed series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting topics on Screening of oxidative behaviors in catalytic amyloid assemblies, Catalytic amyloids derived for natural proteins, AFM-IR studies of catalytic amyloids, MD structural studies of catalytic amyloids, Characterization of crystalline, amyloid-like amino acid assemblies, Computational modeling of supramolecular peptide assemblies, and Assembly and activity of short prion-inspired peptides. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in Methods in Enzymology series - Updated release includes the latest information on Peptide Catalysts, including Catalytic Amyloids




Handbook of In Vivo Chemistry in Mice


Book Description

Provides timely, comprehensive coverage of in vivo chemical reactions within live animals This handbook summarizes the interdisciplinary expertise of both chemists and biologists performing in vivo chemical reactions within live animals. By comparing and contrasting currently available chemical and biological techniques, it serves not just as a collection of the pioneering work done in animal-based studies, but also as a technical guide to help readers decide which tools are suitable and best for their experimental needs. The Handbook of In Vivo Chemistry in Mice: From Lab to Living System introduces readers to general information about live animal experiments and detection methods commonly used for these animal models. It focuses on chemistry-based techniques to develop selective in vivo targeting methodologies, as well as strategies for in vivo chemistry and drug release. Topics include: currently available mouse models; biocompatible fluorophores; radionuclides for radiodiagnosis/radiotherapy; live animal imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) imaging; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); ultrasound imaging; hybrid imaging; biocompatible chemical reactions; ligand-directed nucleophilic substitution chemistry; biorthogonal prodrug release strategies; and various selective targeting strategies for live animals. -Completely covers current techniques of in vivo chemistry performed in live animals -Describes general information about commonly used live animal experiments and detection methods -Focuses on chemistry-based techniques to develop selective in vivo targeting methodologies, as well as strategies for in vivo chemistry and drug release -Places emphasis on material properties required for the development of appropriate compounds to be used for imaging and therapeutic purposes in preclinical applications Handbook of In Vivo Chemistry in Mice: From Lab to Living System will be of great interest to pharmaceutical chemists, life scientists, and organic chemists. It will also appeal to those working in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries.




Catalytic Antibodies


Book Description

This volume addresses fundamental questions concerning the immunological genesis of the catalytic activity in antibodies, its relationship with classical antigen binding activity, and the biochemical mechanisms involved in catalysis. The contents reflect three main challenges in the field, i.e. to delineate the biological functions of catalytic antibodies in autoimmune disease; to isolate therapy-grade antibody catalysts with sufficient specificity and turnover to permit rapid removal of microbial and tumor antigens; and to develop immunogens that recruit immature catalyst-producing B cells into the clonal selection pathway and induce adaptive improvements of the catalytic function. Well-edited and up-to-date, this book reviews the current knowledge in the field and explores ways by which natural and engineered catalytic activities can be harnessed for medical applications. It should therefore be of special interest to immunologists, biochemists, biotechnologists, rheumatologists and pathologists.




Supramolecular Catalysts


Book Description

The construction of catalysts by supramolecular forces has recently become a powerful tool and the role of noncovalent interactions can assist in designing new tools for the construction of effective and selective catalytic systems. It is unquestionably, vastly important to understand how different noncovalent interactions can be controlled or manipulated under appropriate reaction conditions. Supramolecular catalysts have had a tremendous impact on the syntheses of both chemical commodities and fine chemicals over the last 50 years, leading to the discovery of new reactions that were previously deemed impossible. This means that supramolecular chemistry plays a predominant role in accelerating or understanding chemical reactions.This book which addresses the above points is written by some of the leading contributors in this field and is intended for graduate students, researchers and academics working in supramolecular chemistry, organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, and physical chemistry as well as researchers with an interest in the area of catalysis. The authors give examples illustrating the growth of the field, especially with special emphasis on new results published over the last decade. They also provide an explanation of fundamentals and topical research.




Introduction to Soft Matter


Book Description

This book provides an introduction to this exciting and relativelynew subject with chapters covering natural and synthetic polymers,colloids, surfactants and liquid crystals highlighting the many andvaried applications of these materials. Written by an expert in thefield, this book will be an essential reference for people workingin both industry and academia and will aid in understanding of thisincreasingly popular topic. Contains a new chapter on biological soft matter Newly edited and updated chapters including updated coverageof recent aspects of polymer science. Contain problems at the end of each chapter to facilitateunderstanding




Peptide Therapeutics


Book Description

Peptide therapy has become a key strategy in innovative drug development, however, one of the potential barriers for the development of novel peptide drugs in the clinic is their deficiencies in clearly defined chemistry, manufacturing and controls (CMC) strategy from clinical development to commercialization. CMC can often become a rate-limiting step due to lack of knowledge and lack of a formal policy or guidelines on CMC for peptide-based drugs. Regulators use a risk-based approach, reviewing applications on a case-by-case basis. Peptide Therapeutics: Strategy and Tactics for Chemistry, Manufacturing, and Controls covers efficient manufacturing of peptide drug substances, a review of the process for submitting applications to the regulatory authority for drug approval, a holistic approach for quality attributes and quality control from a regulatory perspective, emerging analytical tools for the characterisation of impurities, and the assessment of stability. This book is an essential reference work for students and researchers, in both academia and industry, with an interest in learning about CMC, and facilitating development and manufacture of peptide-based drugs.




Peptide Self-Assembly


Book Description

This volume details methods and protocols on b-sheet assemblies and collagen. Divided into three parts chapters focus on expanding use of solid-state NMR as a powerful method to enhance structural understanding of self-assembled peptide materials, methods for the design, synthesis, and application of self-assembled peptide materials, and structural and mechanistic analyses of pathological amyloid systems that provide novel ways to assess function of the various possible aggregates as well to determine how the structure of these materials correlates to function/dysfunction in the biological context. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Peptide Self-Assembly: Methods and Protocols aims to capture modern methods that span the breadth of the exciting and expanding field of peptide self-assembly.




Life from an RNA World


Book Description

A majority of evolutionary biologists believe that we now can envision our biological predecessors--not the first, but nearly the first, living beings on Earth. This book is about these vanished forebears. The era between the first rudimentary life on Earth and the appearance of more complex beings is called the RNA world. It is RNA (ribonucleic acid) long believed to be a mere biologic copier and messenger, that offers a glimpse into our ancient predecessors. To describe early RNA creatures, here called "ribocytes" or RNA cells, the author uses basics of molecular biology. He reviews our current understanding of the tree of life, examines the structure of RNA itself, explains the operation of the genetic code, and more. Courting controversy among those who question the role of ribocytes -- citing the chemical fragility of RNA and the uncertainty about the origin of an RNA synthetic apparatus -- he offers a vision of early life on Earth.




Protein Misfolding, Aggregation and Conformational Diseases


Book Description

The second volume continues to fill the gap in protein review and protocol literature. It does this while summarizing recent achievements in the understanding of the relationships between protein misfoldings, aggregation, and development of protein deposition disorders. The focus of Part B is the molecular basis of differential disorders.




Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry


Book Description

The use of unnatural metals - which have been introduced into human biology as diagnostic probes and drugs - is another active area of tremendous medical significance.