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PG Propylene Production from RG Propylene - Cost Analysis - Propylene E61A

Author : Intratec

Publisher : Intratec

Page : 102 pages

File Size : 45,22 MB

Release : 2019-09-17

Category : Business & Economics

ISBN :

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Book Description

This report presents a cost analysis of Polymer Grade (PG) Propylene production from refinery grade (RG) propylene. The process examined consists of a deethanizer column and a conventional high-pressure Propylene-Propane Splitter system, comprised of two towers. In this process, a propane stream is generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) "Propene", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition (2) Arons, J. d. S., van der Kooi, H. & Sankaranarayanan, K., "Separations", Efficiency and Sustainability in the Energy and Chemical Industries Keywords: PG Propylene, Propene, RG Propylene, Distillation, P-P Splitter



Propylene Production Cost Analysis - Overview - Propylene AA01

Author : Intratec Solutions

Publisher :

Page : 54 pages

File Size : 40,91 MB

Release : 2016-03

Category :

ISBN : 9781945324215

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Book Description

This report presents alternatives for producing PG Propylene from different feedstocks and a cost comparison of these alternatives, across different countries. More specifically, the report compares the costs of PG Propylene production through the following pathways:* Pathway 1: Propylene Production from Light Naphtha* Pathway 2: Propylene Production from Ethylene and Butenes* Pathway 3: Propylene Production from Propane (with Hydrogen Generation)Pathway 1 corresponds to a steam cracker for Propylene production (ethylene as co-product). In Pathway 2, Propylene is produced via metathesis reaction of ethylene with 2-butene (present in raffinate-2 feedstock). In Pathway 3, propane is dehydrogenated to Propylene with hydrogen generated being valued as fuel. The analysis presented in this report includes:* A comparison of the economic potential of the pathways listed above in several countries, comprising: * Comparative analysis of capital costs * Comparative analysis of production costs * Comparison between product price and raw materials costs of each pathway * An overview of each production pathway, including: * Raw material(s) consumption figures and product(s) generated * Related technology licensors and block flow diagram of representative industrial processes Keywords: Propene, Ethene, Steam Cracking, PDH, Propane Dehydrogenation, Olefins Conversion Technology, OCT



Propylene Production Cost Analysis - Overview - Propylene AA01

Author : Intratec

Publisher : Intratec Solutions

Page : 52 pages

File Size : 45,74 MB

Release : 2016-03-01

Category : Business & Economics

ISBN :

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Book Description

This is a free full sample report offered by Intratec Solutions to demonstrate, in advance, the type of information you will get when you buy one of our reports, offering the same standard and structure (types of graphs, tables and descriptions) that you will find in all of our Cost Analysis Overview reports. This report presents alternatives for producing PG Propylene from different feedstocks and a cost comparison of these alternatives, across different countries. More specifically, the report compares the costs of PG Propylene production through the following pathways: * Pathway 1: Propylene Production from Light Naphtha * Pathway 2: Propylene Production from Ethylene and Butenes * Pathway 3: Propylene Production from Propane (with Hydrogen Generation) Pathway 1 corresponds to a steam cracker for Propylene production (ethylene as co-product). In Pathway 2, Propylene is produced via metathesis reaction of ethylene with 2-butene (present in raffinate-2 feedstock). In Pathway 3, propane is dehydrogenated to Propylene with hydrogen generated being valued as fuel. The analysis presented in this report includes: * A comparison of the economic potential of the pathways listed above in several countries, comprising: - Comparative analysis of capital costs - Comparative analysis of production costs * Comparison between product price and raw materials costs of each pathway - An overview of each production pathway, including: - Raw material(s) consumption figures and product(s) generated - Related technology licensors and block flow diagram of representative industrial processes Keywords: Propene, Ethene, Steam Cracking, PDH, Propane Dehydrogenation, Olefins Conversion Technology, OCT



Propylene Production from Propane - Cost Analysis - Propylene E32A

Author : Intratec

Publisher : Intratec Solutions

Page : 53 pages

File Size : 30,52 MB

Release : 2016-03-01

Category : Business & Economics

ISBN : 1945324244

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Book Description

This report presents a cost analysis of Polymer Grade (PG) Propylene production from propane using a dehydrogenation process. The process examined is similar to CB&I Lummus CATOFIN process. In this process, the dehydrogenation reaction is carried out in a fixed-bed reactor. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 20120014846, issued to Lummus Technology in 2012; (2) US Patent 8101541, issued to Sud-Chemie in 2012 Keywords: PG Propylene, Clariant, Sud-Chemie, Propene, PDH, On-Purpose Propylene Production



Boronic Acids

Author : Dennis G. Hall

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 571 pages

File Size : 50,67 MB

Release : 2006-05-12

Category : Science

ISBN : 3527606823

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Book Description

For the first time, the whole field of organoboronic acids is presented in one comprehensive handbook. Professor Dennis Hall, a rising star within the community, covers all aspects of this important substance class, including applications in chemistry, biology and medicine. Starting with an introduction to the structure, properties, and preparation of boronic acid derivatives, together with an overview of their reactions and applications, the book goes on to look at metal-catalyzed borylation of alkanes and arenas, coupling reactions and rhodium-catalyzed additions of boronic acids to alkenes and carbonyl compounds. There follows chapters on copper-promoted C-O and C-N cross-coupling of boronic acids, recent applications in organic synthesis, as well as alpha-haloalkylboronic esters in asymmetric synthesis. Later sections deal with cycloadditions, organoboronic acids, oxazaborolidines as asymmetric inducers, and boronic acid based receptors and sensors. The whole is rounded off with experimental procedures, making this invaluable reading for organic, catalytic and medicinal chemists, as well as those working in organometallics.



Propylene Production via Metathesis - Cost Analysis - Propylene E11A

Author : Intratec

Publisher : Intratec Solutions

Page : 104 pages

File Size : 49,11 MB

Release : 2019-09-17

Category : Business & Economics

ISBN :

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Book Description

This report presents a cost analysis of Polymer Grade (PG) Propylene production from ethylene and raffinate-2 using a metathesis process. The process examined is similar to CB&I Lummus Technology's Olefins Conversion Technology (OCT). In this process, Polymer Grade Propylene is produced through a metathesis reaction of ethylene with 2-butene, present in raffinate-2 feedstock. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in process unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL), contingency and owner's cost - Total fixed capital required, divided in process unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL), contingency and owner's cost - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Operating cost, broken down by: - Variable operating costs (raw materials, utilities) - Fixed operating costs (maintenance, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 8440874, issued to Lummus Technology and BASF in 2013 (2) US Patent 20050124839, issued to Lummus Technology in 2005 Keywords: PG Propylene, Olefins Disproportionation, Lummus OCT, Olefins Metathesis, Phillips Triolefin, Propene, Ethene, Butylene, On-Purpose Propylene Production



Extraskeletal Effects of Vitamin D

Author : Emilia Pauline Liao

Publisher : Humana Press

Page : 258 pages

File Size : 16,68 MB

Release : 2018-04-23

Category : Medical

ISBN : 3319737422

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Book Description

While the skeletal effects of vitamin D are well-documented, the role and importance of vitamin D outside of bone health has not been well-established. Vitamin D receptors are located in nearly every tissue of the body, and low levels of vitamin D are associated with a range of various diseases. This book provides an in-depth examination of these extraskeletal effects of vitamin D and the associations between vitamin D deficiency and various disease states. Beginning with a review of the biochemistry and physiology of vitamin D, subsequent chapters investigate its relationship to autoimmune and infectious diseases, various forms of cancer, endocrine issues such as diabetes, obesity and reproductive function, cardiovascular disease and muscle weakness. Concluding chapters discuss the role of vitamin D in neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's Disease, and cognitive function. Focusing on extraskeletal effects only across a range of conditions, Extraskeletal Effects of Vitamin D will be an important resource for clinical endocrinologists and primary care physicians.



Propylene Production from Propane - Cost Analysis - Propylene E31A

Author : Intratec

Publisher : Intratec Solutions

Page : 102 pages

File Size : 25,99 MB

Release : 2019-09-17

Category : Business & Economics

ISBN :

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Book Description

This report presents a cost analysis of Polymer Grade (PG) Propylene production from propane using a dehydrogenation process. The process examined is similar to UOP Oleflex process. In this process, the dehydrogenation reaction is carried out in a moving-bed reactor. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 20120108877, issued to UOP in 2012 (2) US Patent 5457256, issued to UOP in 1995 Keywords: PG Propylene, Continuous Catalyst Regeneration, CCR, Propene, PDH, On-Purpose Propylene Production



Handbook of Biomaterial Properties

Author : William Murphy

Publisher : Springer

Page : 676 pages

File Size : 42,36 MB

Release : 2016-06-11

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 1493933051

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Book Description

This book provides tabular and text data relating to normal and diseased tissue materials and materials used in medical devices. Comprehensive and practical for students, researchers, engineers, and practicing physicians who use implants, this book considers the materials aspects of both implantable materials and natural tissues and fluids. Examples of materials and topics covered include titanium, elastomers, degradable biomaterials, composites, scaffold materials for tissue engineering, dental implants, sterilization effects on material properties, metallic alloys, and much more. Each chapter author considers the intrinsic and interactive properties of biomaterials, as well as their appropriate applications and historical contexts. Now in an updated second edition, this book also contains two new chapters on the cornea and on vocal folds, as well as updated insights, data, and citations for several chapters.



Propylene Production from Ethylene - Cost Analysis - Propylene E21A

Author : Intratec

Publisher : Intratec

Page : 106 pages

File Size : 36,52 MB

Release : 2017-06-01

Category : Business & Economics

ISBN : 1641481269

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Book Description

This report presents a cost analysis of Polymer Grade (PG) Propylene production from ethylene using two integrated processes: dimerization and metathesis The processes examined are similar to CB&I Lummus technologies: Ethylene Dimerization Technology and Olefins Conversion Technology (OCT). In these processes, ethylene is first dimerized into butenes, and then, Propylene is produced through a metathesis reaction of 2-butene and ethylene. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 8440874, issued to Lummus Technology and BASF in 2013 (2) US Patent 4242531, issued to Phillips Petroleum Company in 1980 Keywords: PG Propylene, Olefins Dimerization, Olefins Disproportionation, Lummus OCT, Olefins Metathesis, Phillips Triolefin, Propene, Ethene, On-Purpose Propylene Production