Pharmaceutical Microscopy


Book Description

Microscopy plays an integral role in the research and development of new medicines. Pharmaceutical Microscopy describes a wide variety of techniques together with numerous practical applications of importance in drug development. The first section presents general methods and applications with an emphasis on the physical science aspects. Techniques covered include optical crystallography, thermal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry, microspectroscopy (infrared and Raman), and particle size and shape by image analysis. The second section presents applications of these techniques to specific topics of pharmaceutical interest, including studies of polymorphism, particle size and shape analysis, and contaminant identification. Pharmaceutical Microscopy is designed for those scientists who must use these techniques to solve pharmaceutical problems but do not need to become expert microscopists. Consequently, each section has exercises designed to teach the reader how to use and apply the techniques in the book. Although the focus is on pharmaceutical development, workers in other fields such as food science and organic chemistry will also benefit from the discussion of techniques and the exercises. Provides comprehensive coverage of key microscopy techniques used in pharmaceutical development Helps the reader to solve specific problems in pharmaceutical quality assurance Oriented and designed for pharmaceutical scientists who need to use microscopy but are not expert microscopists Includes a large number of practical exercises to give the reader hands-on experience with the techniques Written by an author with 21 years of experience in the pharmaceutical industry




Solid State Development and Processing of Pharmaceutical Molecules


Book Description

Solid State Development and Processing of Pharmaceutical Molecules A guide to the lastest industry principles for optimizing the production of solid state active pharmaceutical ingredients Solid State Development and Processing of Pharmaceutical Molecules is an authoritative guide that covers the entire pharmaceutical value chain. The authors—noted experts on the topic—examine the importance of the solid state form of chemical and biological drugs and review the development, production, quality control, formulation, and stability of medicines. The book explores the most recent trends in the digitization and automation of the pharmaceutical production processes that reflect the need for consistent high quality. It also includes information on relevant regulatory and intellectual property considerations. This resource is aimed at professionals in the pharmaceutical industry and offers an in-depth examination of the commercially relevant issues facing developers, producers and distributors of drug substances. This important book: Provides a guide for the effective development of solid drug forms Compares different characterization methods for solid state APIs Offers a resource for understanding efficient production methods for solid state forms of chemical and biological drugs Includes information on automation, process control, and machine learning as an integral part of the development and production workflows Covers in detail the regulatory and quality control aspects of drug development Written for medicinal chemists, pharmaceutical industry professionals, pharma engineers, solid state chemists, chemical engineers, Solid State Development and Processing of Pharmaceutical Molecules reviews information on the solid state of active pharmaceutical ingredients for their efficient development and production.




Indian Herbal Drug Microscopy


Book Description

Adulteration and misidentification of herbal drugs can cause serious health problems to consumers. The first step in quality control of medicinal plants is ensuring the authenticity of the desired species for intended use, with anatomical study playing a critical role in identifying and authenticating medicinal plants. A product of numerous years of experience and research, Indian Herbal Drug Microscopy is a vital resource for identifying and evaluating Indian medicinal plants. Comprised of four concise and comprehensive chapters, the book presents stepwise procedures for sectioning of plant material, histo-chemical staining techniques, and the anatomy of forty well-known and medicinally important plants, including Arjuna, Ashoka, Ashwagandha, Cinchona, Cinnamon, Ginger, Kurchi, Rauwolfia, Turmeric, Tulsi, and Vasaka. The book is also supplemented with color photographs and hand-drawn microscopic images. Written by authorities in the field, Indian Herbal Drug Microscopy is a valuable guide for herbal drug microscopy of Indian medicinal plants.




Biological Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, 2 Volume Set


Book Description

The go‐to resource for microscopists on biological applications of field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM) The evolution of scanning electron microscopy technologies and capability over the past few years has revolutionized the biological imaging capabilities of the microscope—giving it the capability to examine surface structures of cellular membranes to reveal the organization of individual proteins across a membrane bilayer and the arrangement of cell cytoskeleton at a nm scale. Most notable are their improvements for field emission scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM), which when combined with cryo-preparation techniques, has provided insight into a wide range of biological questions including the functionality of bacteria and viruses. This full-colour, must-have book for microscopists traces the development of the biological field emission scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM) and highlights its current value in biological research as well as its future worth. Biological Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy highlights the present capability of the technique and informs the wider biological science community of its application in basic biological research. Starting with the theory and history of FEGSEM, the book offers chapters covering: operation (strengths and weakness, sample selection, handling, limitations, and preparation); Commercial developments and principals from the major FEGSEM manufacturers (Thermo Scientific, JEOL, HITACHI, ZEISS, Tescan); technical developments essential to bioFEGSEM; cryobio FEGSEM; cryo-FIB; FEGSEM digital-tomography; array tomography; public health research; mammalian cells and tissues; digital challenges (image collection, storage, and automated data analysis); and more. Examines the creation of the biological field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM) and discusses its benefits to the biological research community and future value Provides insight into the design and development philosophy behind current instrument manufacturers Covers sample handling, applications, and key supporting techniques Focuses on the biological applications of field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM), covering both plant and animal research Presented in full colour An important part of the Wiley-Royal Microscopical Series, Biological Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy is an ideal general resource for experienced academic and industrial users of electron microscopy—specifically, those with a need to understand the application, limitations, and strengths of FEGSEM.




MODERN PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES


Book Description

In the dynamic realm of pharmaceutical sciences, this project explores "Modern Pharmaceutical Analytical Techniques," delving into cutting-edge methodologies crucial for ensuring the quality and efficacy of drugs. From spectroscopy to advanced technologies like metabolomics, each chapter demystifies the application and significance of these techniques. Bridging academia and industry, this work aims to be a practical guide, underlining the realworld implications of these tools. Gratitude is extended to mentors, colleagues, and institutions, as this concise exploration seeks to serve students, researchers, and professionals navigating the ever-evolving landscape of pharmaceutical analysis.




Pharmaceutical Analysis


Book Description

The use of analytical sciences in the discovery, development andmanufacture of pharmaceuticals is wide-ranging. From the analysisof minute amounts of complex biological materials to the qualitycontrol of the final dosage form, the use of analytical technologycovers an immense range of techniques and disciplines. This book concentrates on the analytical aspects of drugdevelopment and manufacture, focusing on the analysis of the activeingredient or drug substance. It provides those joining theindustry or other areas of pharmaceutical research with a source ofreference to a broad range of techniques and their applications,allowing them to choose the most appropriate analytical techniquefor a particular purpose. The volume is directed at analytical chemists, industrialpharmacists, organic chemists, pharmaceutical chemists andbiochemists.




Solid State Development and Processing of Pharmaceutical Molecules


Book Description

Solid State Development and Processing of Pharmaceutical Molecules A guide to the lastest industry principles for optimizing the production of solid state active pharmaceutical ingredients Solid State Development and Processing of Pharmaceutical Molecules is an authoritative guide that covers the entire pharmaceutical value chain. The authors—noted experts on the topic—examine the importance of the solid state form of chemical and biological drugs and review the development, production, quality control, formulation, and stability of medicines. The book explores the most recent trends in the digitization and automation of the pharmaceutical production processes that reflect the need for consistent high quality. It also includes information on relevant regulatory and intellectual property considerations. This resource is aimed at professionals in the pharmaceutical industry and offers an in-depth examination of the commercially relevant issues facing developers, producers and distributors of drug substances. This important book: Provides a guide for the effective development of solid drug forms Compares different characterization methods for solid state APIs Offers a resource for understanding efficient production methods for solid state forms of chemical and biological drugs Includes information on automation, process control, and machine learning as an integral part of the development and production workflows Covers in detail the regulatory and quality control aspects of drug development Written for medicinal chemists, pharmaceutical industry professionals, pharma engineers, solid state chemists, chemical engineers, Solid State Development and Processing of Pharmaceutical Molecules reviews information on the solid state of active pharmaceutical ingredients for their efficient development and production.




Polymorphism


Book Description

Edited by one of the leading experts in the field, this handbook emphasizes why solid-state issues are important, which approaches should be taken to avoid problems and exploit the opportunities offered by solid state properties in the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. With its practical approach, this is at once a guideline for development chemists just entering the field as well as a high-quality source of reference material for specialists in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry, structural chemists, physicochemists, crystallographers, inorganic chemists, and patent departments.




Powdered Crude Drug Microscopy of Leaves and Barks


Book Description

Powdered Crude Drug Microscopy of Leaves and Barks investigates various microscopic techniques used in the examination of structural and cellular features in order to determine their botanical origin. These methods are useful in identifying species with similar morphological characters. Today, there is a variety of methods available to authenticate herbal drugs, ranging from simple morphological examination to physical and chemical analysis, and DNA molecular biology. Due to cost, powder microscopy is the most practical method for primary authentication. Botanical microscopy is a unique, valuable, rapid and cost-effective assessment tool, and plays an important role in the authentication and assessment of medicinal plants. This book is an essential resource for students and researchers involved in the study of plants and natural products, as well as professionals in industries manufacturing plant-based products for use during quality control and assurance steps. - Provides a fundamental understanding of the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of crude drugs, including photographs of herbs in their raw and powder forms. - Presents specific characteristics and sub-features for identifying barks and leaves, including stone cells, calcium oxalate crystals, starch grains, medullary rays, fibres, sclereids, cork, isolated oil cells, tubular lactiferous canals, phloem parenchyma, masses, rhytidoma, parenchyma and secretory canals. - Includes specific characteristics for identifying leaves, such as epidermis, stomata, trichomes, calcium oxalate crystals, fibres, cell contents, cystoliths, lamina, starch grains, tracheids, lactiferous canals and xylem vessels. - Demonstrates how the specificity of characteristics for a particular bark or leaf in powder form can lead to its authentication. - Features standard operating protocols for preparation of slides and lab samples using industrially operated grinders to observe general as well as distinguishing microscopical characters of barks and leaves.




Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy


Book Description

Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy: Techniques and Applications describes innovations in instrumentation, data science, chemical probe development, and various applications enabled by a state-of-the-art stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscope. Beginning by introducing the history of SRS, this book is composed of seven parts in depth including instrumentation strategies that have pushed the physical limits of SRS microscopy, vibrational probes (which increased the SRS imaging functionality), data science methods, and recent efforts in miniaturization. This rapidly growing field needs a comprehensive resource that brings together the current knowledge on the topic, and this book does just that. Researchers who need to know the requirements for all aspects of the instrumentation as well as the requirements of different imaging applications (such as different types of biological tissue) will benefit enormously from the examples of successful demonstrations of SRS imaging in the book. Led by Editor-in-Chief Ji-Xin Cheng, a pioneer in coherent Raman scattering microscopy, the editorial team has brought together various experts on each aspect of SRS imaging from around the world to provide an authoritative guide to this increasingly important imaging technique. This book is a comprehensive reference for researchers, faculty, postdoctoral researchers, and engineers. - Includes every aspect from theoretic reviews of SRS spectroscopy to innovations in instrumentation and current applications of SRS microscopy - Provides copious visual elements that illustrate key information, such as SRS images of various biological samples and instrument diagrams and schematics - Edited by leading experts of SRS microscopy, with each chapter written by experts in their given topics