PHYSICAL METHODS, INSTRUMENTS AND MEASUREMENTS – Volume II


Book Description

Physical Methods, Instruments and Measurements theme is a component of the Encyclopedia of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources which is part of the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), an integrated compendium of twenty Encyclopedias. The Theme provides a complete survey of the present status of our knowledge of modern physical instruments and measurements. It is organized in the following main topics: Measurements and Measurement Standards; Sources of Particles and Radiation, Detectors and Sensors; Imaging and Characterizing – Trace Element Analysis; Technology of Physical Experiments; Applications of Measurements and Instrumentation which are then expanded into multiple subtopics, each as a chapter. These four volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students, Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy Analysts, Managers, and Decision Makers and NGOs.




PHYSICAL METHODS, INSTRUMENTS AND MEASUREMENTS – Volume IV


Book Description

Physical Methods, Instruments and Measurements theme is a component of the Encyclopedia of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources which is part of the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), an integrated compendium of twenty Encyclopedias. The Theme provides a complete survey of the present status of our knowledge of modern physical instruments and measurements. It is organized in the following main topics: Measurements and Measurement Standards; Sources of Particles and Radiation, Detectors and Sensors; Imaging and Characterizing – Trace Element Analysis; Technology of Physical Experiments; Applications of Measurements and Instrumentation which are then expanded into multiple subtopics, each as a chapter. These four volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students, Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy Analysts, Managers, and Decision Makers and NGOs.




PHYSICAL METHODS, INSTRUMENTS AND MEASUREMENTS – Volume I


Book Description

Physical Methods, Instruments and Measurements theme is a component of the Encyclopedia of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources which is part of the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), an integrated compendium of twenty Encyclopedias. The Theme provides a complete survey of the present status of our knowledge of modern physical instruments and measurements. It is organized in the following main topics: Measurements and Measurement Standards; Sources of Particles and Radiation, Detectors and Sensors; Imaging and Characterizing – Trace Element Analysis; Technology of Physical Experiments; Applications of Measurements and Instrumentation which are then expanded into multiple subtopics, each as a chapter. These four volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students, Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy Analysts, Managers, and Decision Makers and NGOs




PHYSICAL METHODS, INSTRUMENTS AND MEASUREMENTS – Volume III


Book Description

Physical Methods, Instruments and Measurements theme is a component of the Encyclopedia of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources which is part of the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), an integrated compendium of twenty Encyclopedias. The Theme provides a complete survey of the present status of our knowledge of modern physical instruments and measurements. It is organized in the following main topics: Measurements and Measurement Standards; Sources of Particles and Radiation, Detectors and Sensors; Imaging and Characterizing – Trace Element Analysis; Technology of Physical Experiments; Applications of Measurements and Instrumentation which are then expanded into multiple subtopics, each as a chapter. These four volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students, Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy Analysts, Managers, and Decision Makers and NGOs.










Structural Engineering and Geomechanics - Volume 1


Book Description

An understanding of dynamic effects on structures is critical to minimize losses from earthquakes and other hazards. These three books provide an overview of essential topics in structural and geotechnical engineering with an additional focus on related topics in earthquake engineering to enable readers gain such an understanding. One of the ultimate objectives of these books is to provide readers with insights into seismic analysis and design. However, in order to accomplish that objective, background material on structural and geotechnical engineering is necessary. Hence the first two sections of the book provide this background material followed by selected topics in earthquake engineering. The material is organized into three major parts. The first section covers topics in structural engineering. Beginning with fundamental mechanics of materials, the book includes chapters on linear and nonlinear analysis as well as topics on modeling of structures from different perspectives. In addition to traditional design of structural systems, introductions to important concepts in structural reliability and structural stability are discussed. Also covered are subjects of recent interest, viz., blast and impact effects on structures as well as the use of fiber reinforced polymer composites in structural applications. Given the growing interest in urban renewal, an interesting chapter on restoration of historic cities is also included. The second part of the book covers topics in geotechnical engineering, covering both shallow and deep foundations and issues and procedures for geotechnical modeling. The final part of the book focuses on earthquake engineering with emphasis on both structures and foundations. Here again, the material covered includes both traditional seismic design and innovative seismic protection. And more importantly, concepts in modeling for seismic analysis are highlighted.







Instrument Technology


Book Description

Instrument Technology, Volume 1 focuses on the instruments used in the measurement, recording, and control of critical variables in industrial processes. More specifically, measurements of pressure, liquid level in a tank or vessel, flow, and temperature are discussed. Instruments are classified according to the physical principle upon which they are based. The discussion begins by introducing the reader to the system of units of measurement used throughout the text. This topic is followed by four chapters, each dealing largely with the mathematics and physics of the instruments, which are classified according to the decimal system. The first chapter describes the principles on which the measurement of pressure and the transmission of force by a fluid depend. Before considering the actual methods of measuring pressure, the book first explains the difference between absolute and differential pressure. The second chapter discusses how the level of liquid in a tank or vessel is measured using direct methods and pressure-operated types. The third chapter focuses on the measurement of flow using quantity meters and rate-of-flow meters. The final chapter is concerned with temperatures measured on different thermometers and the two fixed points used to compare such measurements: the lower fixed point (ice-point) and the upper fixed point (steam-point). This book is intended for instrument and chemical engineers, as well as for students studying both craftsmen and technician courses.




The Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors


Book Description

Describes the use of instruments and techniques for practical measurements required in engineering, physics, chemistry and the life sciences. Areas covered include: Spatial variables measurement ; Time and frequency measurement ; Mechanical veriables measurement : solid, fluid and thermal ; Electromagnetic variables measurement ; Optical variables measurement ; Radiation measurement ; Chemical variables measurement ; pH Measurement ; Environmental measurement ; Biomedical variables measurement ; Signal processing ; Displays ; Liquid crystals displays ; Light-emitting diode displays ; Control ; PID control. The.