Poisson Point Processes and Their Application to Markov Processes


Book Description

An extension problem (often called a boundary problem) of Markov processes has been studied, particularly in the case of one-dimensional diffusion processes, by W. Feller, K. Itô, and H. P. McKean, among others. In this book, Itô discussed a case of a general Markov process with state space S and a specified point a ∈ S called a boundary. The problem is to obtain all possible recurrent extensions of a given minimal process (i.e., the process on S \ {a} which is absorbed on reaching the boundary a). The study in this lecture is restricted to a simpler case of the boundary a being a discontinuous entrance point, leaving a more general case of a continuous entrance point to future works. He established a one-to-one correspondence between a recurrent extension and a pair of a positive measure k(db) on S \ {a} (called the jumping-in measure and a non-negative number m




Lectures on the Poisson Process


Book Description

A modern introduction to the Poisson process, with general point processes and random measures, and applications to stochastic geometry.




An Introduction to the Theory of Point Processes


Book Description

Point processes and random measures find wide applicability in telecommunications, earthquakes, image analysis, spatial point patterns, and stereology, to name but a few areas. The authors have made a major reshaping of their work in their first edition of 1988 and now present their Introduction to the Theory of Point Processes in two volumes with sub-titles Elementary Theory and Models and General Theory and Structure. Volume One contains the introductory chapters from the first edition, together with an informal treatment of some of the later material intended to make it more accessible to readers primarily interested in models and applications. The main new material in this volume relates to marked point processes and to processes evolving in time, where the conditional intensity methodology provides a basis for model building, inference, and prediction. There are abundant examples whose purpose is both didactic and to illustrate further applications of the ideas and models that are the main substance of the text.




Point Process Theory and Applications


Book Description

Mathematically rigorous exposition of the basic theory of marked point processes and piecewise deterministic stochastic processes Point processes are constructed from scratch with detailed proofs Includes applications with examples and exercises in survival analysis, branching processes, ruin probabilities, sports (soccer), finance and risk management, and queueing theory Accessible to a wider cross-disciplinary audience




Markov Processes for Stochastic Modeling


Book Description

Markov processes are processes that have limited memory. In particular, their dependence on the past is only through the previous state. They are used to model the behavior of many systems including communications systems, transportation networks, image segmentation and analysis, biological systems and DNA sequence analysis, random atomic motion and diffusion in physics, social mobility, population studies, epidemiology, animal and insect migration, queueing systems, resource management, dams, financial engineering, actuarial science, and decision systems. Covering a wide range of areas of application of Markov processes, this second edition is revised to highlight the most important aspects as well as the most recent trends and applications of Markov processes. The author spent over 16 years in the industry before returning to academia, and he has applied many of the principles covered in this book in multiple research projects. Therefore, this is an applications-oriented book that also includes enough theory to provide a solid ground in the subject for the reader. - Presents both the theory and applications of the different aspects of Markov processes - Includes numerous solved examples as well as detailed diagrams that make it easier to understand the principle being presented - Discusses different applications of hidden Markov models, such as DNA sequence analysis and speech analysis.




An Introduction to Stochastic Processes and Their Applications


Book Description

This text on stochastic processes and their applications is based on a set of lectures given during the past several years at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB). It is an introductory graduate course designed for classroom purposes. Its objective is to provide graduate students of statistics with an overview of some basic methods and techniques in the theory of stochastic processes. The only prerequisites are some rudiments of measure and integration theory and an intermediate course in probability theory. There are more than 50 examples and applications and 243 problems and complements which appear at the end of each chapter. The book consists of 10 chapters. Basic concepts and definitions are pro vided in Chapter 1. This chapter also contains a number of motivating ex amples and applications illustrating the practical use of the concepts. The last five sections are devoted to topics such as separability, continuity, and measurability of random processes, which are discussed in some detail. The concept of a simple point process on R+ is introduced in Chapter 2. Using the coupling inequality and Le Cam's lemma, it is shown that if its counting function is stochastically continuous and has independent increments, the point process is Poisson. When the counting function is Markovian, the sequence of arrival times is also a Markov process. Some related topics such as independent thinning and marked point processes are also discussed. In the final section, an application of these results to flood modeling is presented.




Point Processes


Book Description

There has been much recent research on the theory of point processes, i.e., on random systems consisting of point events occurring in space or time. Applications range from emissions from a radioactive source, occurrences of accidents or machine breakdowns, or of electrical impluses along nerve fibres, to repetitive point events in an individual's medical or social history. Sometimes the point events occur in space rather than time and the application here raneg from statistical physics to geography. The object of this book is to develop the applied mathemathics of point processes at a level which will make the ideas accessible both to the research worker and the postgraduate student in probability and statistics and also to the mathemathically inclined individual in another field interested in using ideas and results. A thorough knowledge of the key notions of elementary probability theory is required to understand the book, but specialised "pure mathematical" coniderations have been avoided.




An Introduction to Stein's Method


Book Description

A common theme in probability theory is the approximation of complicated probability distributions by simpler ones, the central limit theorem being a classical example. Stein's method is a tool which makes this possible in a wide variety of situations. Traditional approaches, for example using Fourier analysis, become awkward to carry through in situations in which dependence plays an important part, whereas Stein's method can often still be applied to great effect. In addition, the method delivers estimates for the error in the approximation, and not just a proof of convergence. Nor is there in principle any restriction on the distribution to be approximated; it can equally well be normal, or Poisson, or that of the whole path of a random process, though the techniques have so far been worked out in much more detail for the classical approximation theorems.This volume of lecture notes provides a detailed introduction to the theory and application of Stein's method, in a form suitable for graduate students who want to acquaint themselves with the method. It includes chapters treating normal, Poisson and compound Poisson approximation, approximation by Poisson processes, and approximation by an arbitrary distribution, written by experts in the different fields. The lectures take the reader from the very basics of Stein's method to the limits of current knowledge.




Markov Point Processes And Their Applications


Book Description

These days, an increasing amount of information can be obtained in graphical forms, such as weather maps, soil samples, locations of nests in a breeding colony, microscopical slices, satellite images, radar or medical scans and X-ray techniques. “High level” image analysis is concerned with the global interpretation of images, attempting to reduce it to a compact description of the salient features of the scene.This book takes a stochastic approach. It studies Markov object processes, showing that they form a flexible class of models for a range of problems involving the interpretation of spatial data. Applications can be found in statistical physics (under the name of “Gibbs processes”), environmental mapping of diseases, forestry, identification of ore structure in materials science, signal analysis, object recognition, robot vision, and interpretation of images from medical scans or confocal microscopy.




Statistical Inference and Simulation for Spatial Point Processes


Book Description

Spatial point processes play a fundamental role in spatial statistics and today they are an active area of research with many new applications. Although other published works address different aspects of spatial point processes, most of the classical literature deals only with nonparametric methods, and a thorough treatment of the theory and applications of simulation-based inference is difficult to find. Written by researchers at the top of the field, this book collects and unifies recent theoretical advances and examples of applications. The authors examine Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms and explore one of the most important recent developments in MCMC: perfect simulation procedures.