Affordable Housing Preservation in Washington, DC


Book Description

Affordable Housing Preservation in Washington, DC uses the case of Washington, DC to examine the past, present, and future of subsidized and unsubsidized affordable housing through the lenses of history, governance, and affordable housing policy and planning. Affordable housing policy in the US has often been focused at the federal level where the laws and funding to build new affordable housing historically have been determined. However, as federal housing subsidies from the 1960s expire and federal funding continues to decline, local governments, tenants and advocates face the difficult challenge of trying to retain affordability amid increasing demand for housing in many American cities. Now, instead of amassing land, financing and sponsors, affordable housing stakeholders must understand the existing resident needs and have access to the market for affordable housing. Arguing for preservation as a way of acknowledging a basic right to the city, this book examines the ways that the broad range of stakeholders engage at the building and city levels. This book identifies the underlying challenges that enable or constrain preservation to demonstrate that effective preservation requires long-term relationships that engage residents, build trust and demonstrate a willingness to share power among residents, advocates and the government. It is of great interest to academics and students as well as policy makers and practitioners internationally in the fields of housing studies and policy, urban studies, social policy, sociology and political economy.




Examining the Role of Street-level Bureaucrats in the Implementation of an Affordable Rental Housing Policy for Extremely Low Income Households in the District of Columbia


Book Description

The individuals who staff the nation's 4,600 Community Development Corporations (CDCs) represent the front line in production of affordable housing for America's poor. CDC staff members work within chronic funding uncertainties, applying complex and often ambiguous policies, under pressure to address shortfalls in affordable units. As such, they represent a prime example of Lipsky's (1980) street level bureaucrats (SLBs): agency workers with no formal policy role, who nevertheless shape policy by exercising discretion in the course of implementing ambiguous directives under stressful and alienating conditions. The purpose of this study is to uncover how CDC SLBs experience their work and influence the implementation of affordable rental housing policies for Extremely Low Income (ELI) households in Washington, D.C. Semi-structured interviews and a follow-up survey were conducted with staff members of three Ward 8 CDCs, and interpretive policy analysis was applied to their responses. Analysis indicates that CDC staff members generally view the LIHTC, HPTF, and HOME policies as beneficial, but confusing, and difficult to administer. They view government funders and private developers as either unwilling or unable to fund support services that ELI renters need. There was some evidence of desire for more advocacy-based approaches that harkened back to the CDCs' original mission of community empowerment. On the other hand, support was lacking such goals as maintaining economic and racial diversity as neighborhoods gentrify. Although Lipsky (1980) emphasized the alienation experienced by SLBs, these findings suggest that, in certain contexts, SLBs may experience a positive attachment to their organizations, clients, and mission, even while experiencing frustration with policy ambiguities or inefficiencies.




HOUSING THE CAPITOL: THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA'S HOUSING PRODUCTION TRUST FUND AND AFFORDABLE HOUSING AVAILABILITY


Book Description

The District of Columbia faces a growing affordable housing problem. According to the DC Fiscal Policy Institute, nearly 50,000 households in the District of Columbia spent over 50 percent of their income on housing costs in 2012. At the same time, the area has been hemorrhaging affordable housing. From 2000 to 2012 over half of the affordable housing stock disappeared.




Cities and Affordable Housing


Book Description

This book provides a comparative perspective on housing and planning policies affecting the future of cities, focusing on people- and place-based outcomes using the nexus of planning, design and policy. A rich mosaic of case studies features good practices of city-led strategies for affordable housing provision, as well as individual projects capitalising on partnerships to build mixed-income housing and revitalise neighbourhoods. Twenty chapters provide unique perspectives on diversity of approaches in eight countries and 12 cities in Europe, Canada and the USA. Combining academic rigour with knowledge from critical practice, the book uses robust empirical analysis and evidence-based case study research to illustrate the potential of affordable housing partnerships for mixed-income, socially inclusive neighbourhoods as a model to rebuild cities. Cities and Affordable Housing is an essential interdisciplinary collection on planning and design that will be of great interest to scholars, urban professionals, architects, planners and policy-makers interested in housing, urban planning and city building.




Race, Class, and Politics in the Cappuccino City


Book Description

For long-time residents of Washington, DC’s Shaw/U Street, the neighborhood has become almost unrecognizable in recent years. Where the city’s most infamous open-air drug market once stood, a farmers’ market now sells grass-fed beef and homemade duck egg ravioli. On the corner where AM.PM carryout used to dish out soul food, a new establishment markets its $28 foie gras burger. Shaw is experiencing a dramatic transformation, from “ghetto” to “gilded ghetto,” where white newcomers are rehabbing homes, developing dog parks, and paving the way for a third wave coffee shop on nearly every block. Race, Class, and Politics in the Cappuccino City is an in-depth ethnography of this gilded ghetto. Derek S. Hyra captures here a quickly gentrifying space in which long-time black residents are joined, and variously displaced, by an influx of young, white, relatively wealthy, and/or gay professionals who, in part as a result of global economic forces and the recent development of central business districts, have returned to the cities earlier generations fled decades ago. As a result, America is witnessing the emergence of what Hyra calls “cappuccino cities.” A cappuccino has essentially the same ingredients as a cup of coffee with milk, but is considered upscale, and is double the price. In Hyra’s cappuccino city, the black inner-city neighborhood undergoes enormous transformations and becomes racially “lighter” and more expensive by the year.




Capital Dilemma


Book Description

Capital Dilemma: Growth and Inequality in Washington, DC uncovers and explains the dynamics that have influenced the contemporary economic advancement of Washington, DC. This volume's unique interdisciplinary approach using historical, sociological, anthropological, economic, geographic, political, and linguistic theories and approaches, captures the comprehensive factors related to changes taking place in one of the world's most important cities. Capital Dilemma clarifies how preexisting urban social hierarchies, established mainly along race and class lines but also along national and local interests, are linked with the city's contemporary inequitable growth. While accounting for historic disparities, this book reveals how more recent federal and city political decisions and circumstances shape contemporary neighborhood gentrification patterns, highlighting the layered complexities of the modern national capital and connecting these considerations to Washington, DC's past as well as to more recent policy choices. As we enter a period where advanced service sector cities prosper, Washington, DC's changing landscape illustrates important processes and outcomes critical to other US cities and national capitals throughout the world. The Capital Dilemma for DC, and other major cities, is how to produce sustainable equitable economic growth. This volume expands our understanding of the contradictions, challenges and opportunities associated with contemporary urban development.




Housing in the District of Columbia


Book Description

Considers. S. 2331 and H.R. 10079, to provide for repair by D.C., at owner's expense, of buildings violating D.C. housing regulations, and to make tenants evicted from unsafe and unsanitary buildings in D.C. eligible for relocation payments. S. 3549, to amend provisions of the Act establishing a code of law for D.C., approved Mar. 3, 1901, relating to landlords and tenants. S. 3558, to require the publication of names of owners of rental property in D.C. which is used for residential purposes.







The Washington D.C. 2020 - 2025 Housing Initiative


Book Description

The government of the District of Columbia in 2019, unveiled a 2020 - 2050 Housing Production Goal popularly tagged “#36000by2025”. The Initiative details Washington DC’s goal to develop 36,000 new housing units in partnership with developers in the city, including 12,000 affordable housing units between the years 2020 and 2025. The Initiative seeks to reduce homelessness, alleviate the constrained local housing market, and preempt an anticipated housing shortage in relation to the forecasted economic and population growth in Washington DC. This thesis focuses on identifying and analyzing the types of incentives or barriers for developers to add additional affordable housing. This thesis first explores the details of this Initiative, reviewing its history and the factors that led to its creation. The thesis will also review its specific goals and proposed methods towards achieving them. Through a literature and policy review, the thesis defines the framework within which the city and developers define affordability for housing development projects. The thesis then looks to real estate developers operating in the city who have or intend to proceed with market-rate, mixed-income, and affordable housing projects. Through interviews, an analysis of housing development trends, and a review of upcoming housing projects, the thesis seeks to understand what challenges developers face with the housing affordability requirements and how Washington DC’s Initiative and Comprehensive Plan affects their developmental goals. The thesis will also review what barriers real estate developers face and explore how they can be overcome. This thesis will also pivot to Washington DC Government’s planning process to review what incentives are being proposed which encourage both new affordable housing development and the preservation of endangered affordable units. Via interviews and literature review, the thesis explores possible areas of improvement on the initiative that meet the city’s goals and support real estate developers’ ambitions. Keywords: Real Estate Development, Multifamily Housing, Affordable Housing, Washington DC, #36000By2025, Community Benefits.