Polish Club International


Book Description

An updated modern version of the definitive book on Polish Club. Includes a description of 'standard' Polish Club and its modern pro-style variations. The book is intended for two groups of readers: those interested in the Polish Club system of playing bridge; those who want to get better understanding of trendy bidding treatments. Includes: Quizzes Examples from expert play Special section on slam bidding




Polish Club 2020


Book Description

The motto of the Polish Club 2020 Expert system is: 'Bid aggressively with an offensive hand, keep quiet with a defensive hand.' Non-vulnerable one-level light openings and responses are introduced here. But the main merit of the Polish Club, i.e. to 'keep an eye on the total strength of the bidders', is still preserved. In comparison to other versions of Polish Club (including Polish Club 2020 Standard), the meaning of the 2C opening has been changed. The Precision approach has been dropped, and replaced by the major two-suiter. This treatment, added to weak two-suited openings, makes the system's two-level openings very aggressive. And this brings IMPs and matchpoints! The spectrum of conventions in uncontested and competitive auctions is richer than in any other version of the Polish Club system. Some novel ideas (such as Cheap Transfer) are universal enough to be applied in any bidding system.







History of a Disappearance


Book Description

Lying at the crucible of Central Europe, the Silesian village of Kupferberg suffered the violence of the Thirty Years War, the Napoleonic Wars, the World War I. After Stalin's post-World War II redrawing of Poland's borders, Kupferberg became Miedzianka, a town settled by displaced people from all over Poland and a new center of the Eastern Bloc's uranium-mining industry. Decades of neglect and environmental degradation led to the town being declared uninhabitable, and the population was evacuated. Today, it exists only in ruins, with barely a hundred people living on the unstable ground above its collapsing mines. Springer catalogs the lost human elements: the long-departed tailor and deceased shopkeeper; the parties, now silenced, that used to fill the streets with shouts and laughter, and the once-beautiful cemetery, with gravestones upended by tractors and human bones scattered by dogs. In Miedzianka, Springer sees a microcosm of European history, and a powerful narrative of how the ghosts of the past continue to haunt us in the present--Provided by the publisher.




Group Exemption Roster


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Poultry Herald


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Document


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Polish Club 2020


Book Description

The Polish Club bidding system is based on an ambiguous 1C opening, limited one-level openings, 5 card majors and a Strong No Trump. The concept makes it possible to find partner's total strength on a lower level than in all-natural systems. In the Standard version, a 2C opening is Precision, 2D is Multi, and remaining two-level openings are weak Polish two-suiters. One of the key original features of the system is the concept of the artificial reverse ("odwrotka" in Polish), which occurs in the sequence: 1C - 1H / 1S - 2D - ? The convention lets players quickly find the fit in the major and determine whether the hands are worth slam investigation. The latest version of the system, Polish Club 2020, has been devised on a questionnaire among potential users of the system. It adapts most popular treatments used in various contemporary bidding systems. A 1D opening is now almost always 5-carded, and the two-level opening bids are more aggressive than in earlier versions. Introducing modern conventions to uncontested and competitive auctions makes the system popular among expert players.




Face to Face


Book Description

While rivalry is embedded in any sporting event or performance, soccer, the world’s most popular mass spectator sport, has been an emblem of such rivalries since its inception as an organized sport. Some of these rivalries grow to become long-term and perennial by their nature, extent, impact and legacy, from the local to the global level. They represent identities based on widely diverse affiliations of human life—locality, region, nation, continent, community, class, culture, religion, ethnicity, and so on. Yet, at times, such rivalries transcend barriers of space and time, where soccer-clubs, -nations, -personalities, -organizations, -styles and -fans float and compete with intriguing identities. The present volume brings into focus some of the most fascinating and enduring rivalries in the world of soccer. It attempts to encapsulate, analyse and reconstruct those rivalries—between nations, between clubs, between personalities, between styles of play, between fandoms, and between organizations—in a historical perspective in relation to diverse identities, competing ideologies, contestations of power, psychologies of attachment, bonds of loyalty, notions of enmity, articulations of violence, and affinities of fan culture—some of the core manifestations of sporting rivalry. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Soccer & Society.