Poor Participation


Book Description

This book argues that active citizenship and poverty are inextricably linked. A common sentiment in discussions of poverty and social policy is that decisions made about those living in poverty or near-poverty are illegitimate, inadvisable, and non-responsive to the needs and interests of the poor if the poor themselves are not involved in the decision-making process. Inside this intuitively appealing idea, however, are a range of potential contradictions and conflicts. These conflicts are at the nexus between active citizenship and technical expertise, between promotion of stability in governance and empowerment of people, between empowerment that is genuine and sustainable and empowerment that is artificial, and between a “war on poverty” that is built on the ideas of collaborative governance and one that is built on an assumption of rule of the elite. The poor have long been consigned to a group of “included-out” citizens. They are legally living in a place, but they are not afforded the same courtesies, entrusted with the same responsibilities, or respected in parallel processes as those citizens of greater means and those who behave in manners that are more consistent with “middle class” values. Poor citizens engaged in the “war on poverty” of the 1960s started to emerge and force their agenda through adversarial action and social protest. This book explores the clear linkages between engaged citizenship and poverty in the United States, revealing a war on poverty and impoverished citizenship that continues to develop in the twenty-first century.




Participation of the Poor in Development Initiatives


Book Description

The importance of involving the poor recipients in planning and implementing development policies has long been recognized, and has been the official aim of large donors, including the World Bank and major donor agencies. This text assesses their success and the results of the primary stakeholder participation achieved. It analyzes the institutional changes necessary for stakeholders to participate in decision-making, and the strategies and behaviour of other parties involved, including NGOs. From this review and analysis, it draws an important range of lessons for future donor and NGO policies and organizational reform.




Poverty and Participation in Civil Society


Book Description

During The World Summit For Social Development, Held In Copenhagen In March 1995, Unesco Organised A Round Table, In Collaboration With Crop — The Comparative Research Programme On Poverty, Set Up By The International Social Science Council (Issc) — To Discuss The Problem Of Promoting Participation Of The Poor In Civil Society. This Book Carries The Proceedings Of That Round Table Edited By Dr. Yogesh Atal And Professor Else Oyen Who Jointly Convened That Round Table. The Holding Of The Round Table, And This Publication Of Its Proceedings, Constitute One Of The Several Contributions Made By Unesco To The World Summit Process. In View Of The Fact That The Decade Of 1997-2006 Has Been Declared By The United Nations As The International Decade For The Eradication Of Poverty The Publication Of The Proceedings Of This Round Table Is Timely And Important. What Was Deliberated At The Round Table Should Help Develop An Agenda Not Only For Research And Reflection, But Also For Affirmative Action.










Poor Preschool-Aged Children


Book Description

Examines the number & characteristics of preschool-aged children -- 3- to 4-year-olds -- & how they changed between 1980 & 1990, & (2) differences in preschool participation rates for children by income level, age, & other demographic characteristics & location. 65 charts & tables.




Poverty, Participation, and Democracy


Book Description

For too long a conventional wisdom has held sway, suggesting that poor people in poor countries are not supportive of democracy and that democracies will be sustained only after a certain average level of wealth has been achieved. Evidence from 24 diverse countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America examined in this volume shows how poor people do not value democracy any less than their richer counterparts. Their faith in democracy is as high as that of other citizens, and they participate in democratic activities as much as their richer counterparts. Democracy is not likely to be unstable or unwelcome simply because poverty is widespread. Political attitudes and participation levels are unaffected by relative wealth. Education, rather than income or wealth, makes for more committed and engaged democratic citizens. Investments in education will make a critical difference for stabilizing and strengthening democracy.




Poor Preschool-aged Children


Book Description




The Participation Gap


Book Description

The dilemma of democracy arises from two contrasting trends. More people in the established democracies are participating in civil society activity, contacting government officials, protesting, and using online activism and other creative forms of participation. At the same time, the importance of social status as an influence on political activity is increasing. The democratic principle of the equality of voice is eroding. The politically rich are getting richer-and the politically needy have less voice. This book assembles an unprecedented set of international public opinion surveys to identify the individual, institutional, and political factors that produce these trends. New forms of activity place greater demands on participants, raising the importance of social status skills and resources. Civil society activity further widens the participation gap. New norms of citizenship shift how people participate. And generational change and new online forms of activism accentuate this process. Effective and representative government requires a participatory citizenry and equal voice, and participation trends are undermining these outcomes. The Participation Gap both documents the growing participation gap in contemporary democracies and suggests ways that we can better achieve their theoretical ideal of a participatory citizenry and equal voice.




Citizens as Partners Information, Consultation and Public Participation in Policy-Making


Book Description

This book examines a wide range of country experiences, offers examples of good practice, highlights innovative approaches and identifies promising tools (including new information technologies)for engaging citizens in policy making. It proposes a set of ten guiding principles.