Post-irradiation examination of overheated canflex bundles


Book Description

Five canflex fuel bundles were irradiated in the u2 loop in nru during 1990. the 43-element bundles contained two element sizes: 11.5 mm diameter elements with 0.33 mm thin-wall zr-4 cladding in the outer and intermediate rings, and 13.5 mm diameter elements with 0.35 mm thin-wall cladding in the inner ring. three bundles contained uo2 enriched to 2.59% u-235 in u, and two contained natural uo2 in the intermediate and outer ring of elements, with 2.59% enriched uo2 in the inner ring. the bundles overheated when, due to loss of class iv electrical power to the main loop pumps, the coolant flow stagnated briefly in the down leg of the u loop, then reversed direction as convective cooling was established. although the bundle power decayed rapidly after the reactor tripped due to the loss of electrical power, the stored energy and decay heat were sufficient to cause overheating of the bundles during the brief stagnation period, and this in turn led to steam generation which resulted in high coolant pressure (sheath temperature in excess of 600 degrees c and coolant pressure above 11.2 mpa). post-irradiation examinations revealed that the sheath in some elements had collapsed into the gaps between the pellet stack and end caps, and between adjacent pellets; however, no defects were attributed to sheath collapse. two of the elements had defects due to hydride blisters, but the source of the hydrogen was not from a breach in the cladding or end caps. the defects were attributed to primary hydriding. the results show that even though the bundles were subjected to abnormally high temperatures and pressures, and were damaged as a result, none of the collapsed elements leaked. this indicates that thin-wall cladding provides a significant margin of safety during transient high temperature and pressure excursions.




Water and Wastewater Engineering


Book Description

An In-Depth Guide to Water and Wastewater Engineering This authoritative volume offers comprehensive coverage of the design and construction of municipal water and wastewater facilities. The book addresses water treatment in detail, following the flow of water through the unit processes and coagulation, flocculation, softening, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, and residuals management. Each stage of wastewater treatment--preliminary, secondary, and tertiary--is examined along with residuals management. Water and Wastewater Engineering contains more than 100 example problems, 500 end-of-chapter problems, and 300 illustrations. Safety issues and operation and maintenance procedures are also discussed in this definitive resource. Coverage includes: Intake structures and wells Chemical handling and storage Coagulation and flocculation Lime-soda and ion exchange softening Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration Sedimentation Granular and membrane filtration Disinfection and fluoridation Removal of specific constituents Drinking water plant residuals management, process selection, and integration Storage and distribution systems Wastewater collection and treatment design considerations Sanitary sewer design Headworks and preliminary treatment Primary treatment Wastewater microbiology Secondary treatment by suspended and attached growth biological processes Secondary settling, disinfection, and postaeration Tertiary treatment Wastewater plant residuals management Clean water plant process selection and integration







Water and Wastewater Engineering: Design Principles and Practice, Second Edition


Book Description

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. A Fully Updated, In-Depth Guide to Water and Wastewater Engineering Thoroughly revised to reflect the latest advances, procedures, and regulations, this authoritative resource contains comprehensive coverage of the design and construction of municipal water and wastewater facilities. Written by an environmental engineering expert and seasoned academic, Water and Wastewater Engineering: Design Principles and Practice, Second Edition, offers detailed explanations, practical strategies, and design techniques as well as hands-on safety protocols and operation and maintenance procedures. You will get cutting-edge information on water quality standards, corrosion control, piping materials, energy efficiency, direct and indirect potable reuse, and more. Coverage includes: • The design and construction processes • General water supply design considerations • Intake structures and wells • Chemical handling and storage • Coagulation and flocculation • Lime-soda and ion exchange softening • Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration • Sedimentation • Granular and membrane filtration • Disinfection and fluoridation • Removal of specific constituents • Water plant residuals management, process selection, and integration • Storage and distribution systems • Wastewater collection and treatment design considerations • Sanitary sewer design • Headworks and preliminary treatment • Primary treatment • Wastewater microbiology • Secondary treatment by suspended growth biological processes • Secondary treatment by attached growth and hybrid biological processes • Tertiary treatment • Advanced oxidation processes • Direct and indirect potable reuse




Additive Manufacturing


Book Description

The field of additive manufacturing has seen explosive growth in recent years due largely in part to renewed interest from the manufacturing sector. Conceptually, additive manufacturing, or industrial 3D printing, is a way to build parts without using any part-specific tooling or dies from the computer-aided design (CAD) file of the part. Today, mo




Yvain


Book Description

A twelfth-century poem by the creator of the Arthurian romance describes the courageous exploits and triumphs of a brave lord who tries to win back his deserted wife's love




BION [Believe It Or Not]


Book Description

BION [Believe It Or Not], Book #3 of the CUL8R Time Travel Mystery/Romance series. Change the past, Save the future. Four high school friends are able to do two things no one else on the planet can do . . . talk with dead people and time travel to the past. However, Kelly, who lost her phone during their last adventure, is temporarily grounded. She worries that her new friends will time travel without her, leaving her all alone in her new home in Ft. Myers Beach, Florida. But they surprise her on her birthday and soon they are back in Scott’s lab, listening to the old radio that Thomas Edison had invented and called “The Telephone to the Dead”. As they slowly turn the dial Kelly, Scott, Austin and Zoey hear hundreds of sad, lonely voices of souls that have passed but apparently never moved on, pleading for help. When they first discovered the radio in Kelly’s aunt’s garage, they had been touched by the cries and pleas coming from its speakers, but they had no way to go back in time to help them. That is, until Scott reveals an invention of his own . . . a time travel app. They’ve already tested it twice, with both trips being very successful, but not without danger. Even though they returned with a few scrapes and bruises, and even a gunshot wound, they are eager to go on a new adventure and help solve a mystery. A young woman’s voice comes through and asks them to find her twin brother, Jesse, who had run away to the circus in 1927, then disappeared and was never heard from again. Going back and living with a circus sounds like fun. Plus an old book written by his sister provides a glimpse into the past . . . as well as a photo of Jesse, a photo that grabs their attention and sets the girls' hearts racing. They land in a cornfield in Wichita Falls, Texas as the circus is setting up. It doesn’t take them long to discover that circus life is not all glamour and fun; it’s a lot of hard work. As usual, they jump in and quickly find jobs, places to sleep and new friends. But most importantly, they find Jesse. Now all they have to do is keep him alive. For Zoey and Jesse, it’s love at first sight. It’s a first romance for both of them and their love blossoms as they travel from city to city. Zoey knows she’s too young to settle down and that Jesse is from a different time and culture, but her feelings for him are strong. Her and her friends’ time travel mission has taken on a new dimension. Should they be successful and save his life, will Zoey be able to let him go? Is it possible for him to come to 2013 with her? Is it possible for her to stay in 1927 with him? Ultimately, can she give up everything she has in the present for true love in the past? Jesse’s talent working with the big cats catches the attention of the Martin Maxwell, the owner of the circus. Maxwell promotes him to the center ring as a replacement for their current lion tamer who is planning on moving up to the Ringling and Barnum & Bailey Circus. Unfortunately, not everyone shares Zoey’s love for Jesse and wants him to disappear forever. Kelly, Scott, Austin and Zoey must figure out who wants Jesse dead and stop him or her before Jesse’s fate is sealed. Book #1, OMG [Oh My God], a time travel mystery/romance back to 1966 was awarded The Best Young Adult Indie Book in 2013 and was a Finalist in the Beverly Hills Book Awards for 2013. Book #2, BRB [Be Right Back], a time travel mystery/romance back to 1980 was a Readers' Favorite for 2013.




Spark Plasma Sintering


Book Description

Spark Plasma Sintering: Current Status, New Developments and Challenges looks at the progress made in the field of SPS. It includes a review of the scientific mechanisms, materials synthesis and industry applications for this processing technique. Chapters are written by leading experts in the field, encompassing topics surrounding the densification mechanism and microstructure evolution, the classification of high-performance materials, a review of numerical simulation, discussions of new technology advances, such as HP-SPS, flash sintering and related challenges. This book will be useful for researchers, engineers and students within the materials science and engineering fields.