Book Description

Excerpt from Problems, Projects, and Experiments in Biology There should be a difference between a problem, a project, and an experiment; but the difference is more in the point of view of the student and teacher than in the exercise itself. Do not make experiments of mere demonstrations. It is not necessary that all things be taught by the problem method. Simple things should be simply taught. The directions are stated very briefly. The student should be given an opportunity to make mistakes. They should have an educational value. Directions which are given in too great detail eliminate opportunity for initiative. Students should ask few questions of the teacher and should solve their own problems. Quizzes should be frequent and should cover all reports, topics, demonstrations, field trips, etc. A quiz is a review. Everything should be reviewed. Students are responsible in the quiz for the projects of others which have been presented to the class. Experience has shown that students study better if quizzes are frequent and searching. Written work should be handed in daily, as it is ready, and that which fails to equal the standard of the course should be rewritten. Teachers and committees should return students' papers promptly. Advance preparation should be made for many laboratory problems and projects. Look ahead in the manual and make arrangements for such exercises. Seedlings require from two to three weeks to sprout and start their growth. Paramecia cultures should be started about two weeks before they are to be used. Some materials which can be collected in the fall for winter use should be carefully preserved. Reports and topics should be assigned in advance and should be ready when the study with which they are connected is before the class. The illustrations have been selected with great care as to their teaching value and also for their scientific accuracy and artistic qualities. Good illustrations are a stimulus to the student. Those which have been borrowed are credited in the legends. It is the hope of the author that the use of this manual will ensure both enjoyment and efficiency to the courses in the biological sciences where it is used. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.