Quantitative Constraints on the Glacial and Fluvial Evolution of Alpine Landscapes
Author : Catherine Anne Riihimaki
Publisher :
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 44,18 MB
Release : 2003
Category : Erosion
ISBN :
Author : Catherine Anne Riihimaki
Publisher :
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 44,18 MB
Release : 2003
Category : Erosion
ISBN :
Author : Sean D. Willett
Publisher : Geological Society of America
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 48,94 MB
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0813723981
"The Liwu River runs a short course; its channel head at the water divide in Taiwan's Central Range is a mere 35 km from its outflow into the Pacific Ocean. But in those short 35 km, the Liwu has carved one of the world's geographic wonders: the spectacular Taroko Gorge with marble and granite walls soaring nearly 1000 m above the river channel. Taroko Gorge was a fitting venue for a 2003 Penrose Conference that addressed the coupled processes of tectonics, climate, and landscape evolution. The young mountains, extreme weather, and dramatic landforms provided an appropriate backdrop to wide-ranging discussions of geomorphic processes, climate and meteorology, sediment generation and transport, the effects of erosion on tectonics, and new analytical and modeling tools used to address these processes and problems. This volume's papers extend that discussion, reaching across fields that have experienced rapid advances in the past decade."--Publisher's website.
Author : Peter G. Knight
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 10,92 MB
Release : 2008-04-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 0470750235
Glacier Science and Environmental Change is an authoritative and comprehensive reference work on contemporary issues in glaciology. It explores the interface between glacier science and environmental change, in the past, present, and future. Written by the world’s foremost authorities in the subject and researchers at the scientific frontier where conventional wisdom of approach comes face to face with unsolved problems, this book provides: state-of-the-art reviews of the key topics in glaciology and related disciplines in environmental change cutting-edge case studies of the latest research an interdisciplinary synthesis of the issues that draw together the research efforts of glaciologists and scientists from other areas such as geologists, hydrologists, and climatologists color-plate section (with selected extra figures provided in color at www.blackwellpublishing.com/knight). The topics in this book have been carefully chosen to reflect current priorities in research, the interdisciplinary nature of the subject, and the developing relationship between glaciology and studies of environmental change. Glacier Science and Environmental Change is essential reading for advanced undergraduates, postgraduate research students, and professional researchers in glaciology, geology, geography, geophysics, climatology, and related disciplines.
Author :
Publisher :
Page : 772 pages
File Size : 25,67 MB
Release : 2004
Category : Dissertations, Academic
ISBN :
Author : Kelly Revenaugh MacGregor
Publisher :
Page : 590 pages
File Size : 18,27 MB
Release : 2002
Category : Glacial erosion
ISBN :
"Glacial erosion is an important but poorly understood agent of alpine landscape evolution. Development of the glacial longitudinal profile was examined with a numerical model, while glacier sliding and its control were the subjects of a field project. Seasonal changes in meteorology, ice dynamics, and hydrology were documented at the Bench Glacier, Chugach Range, Alaska. A wave of elevated sliding velocity traveled from the glacier terminus into the accumulation zone at a rate of -250 m/day. GPS-measured vertical velocities demonstrated divergence of the glacier surface from the bed, with maximum uplift rates coincident with maximum sliding velocities. Apparent bed separation was approximately 15 cm. Both the sliding wave and surface uplift occurred during a time of positive water storage in the glacier. The data suggest that upglacier propagation of a linked cavity network, may explain the observed sliding event. The effect of glacial erosion over 105-106 year timescales was addressed using a numerical model that incorporates the relevant glaciological processes that operate to produce hanging valleys. bedrock steps. overdeepenings and cirques. Simulations always show rapid flattening of the longitudinal profile from a fluvial initial condition. Inclusion of a tributary glacier creates a step in the main valley below the tributary junction that persists over multiple glaciations and generates a hanging valley. Steps result from increased ice discharge below tributary junctions, accommodated by increased ice thickness and sliding. The height of the hanging valley reflects the difference in the time-integrated discharge of ice in the tributary and the trunk valleys. Addition of a plateau allowed incorporation of blowing snow, avalanches, and headwall backwearing processes. In both steady and sawtooth climate scenarios, headwalls increase in length, steepen, and retreat over time. Bedrock cirques form in steady climate simulations only at the end of the model runs: the equilibrium line altitude (ELA) is hundreds of meters above the cirque floor. However, the time-averaged location of the ELA corresponds with the down-glacier cirque position. While the final profiles are relatively insensitive to the erosion rule used, quarrying is most effective near the upper glacier, whereas abrasion reflects the instantaneous pattern of integrated ice discharge"--Leafves xiii-xiv
Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 6392 pages
File Size : 14,89 MB
Release : 2013-02-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080885225
The changing focus and approach of geomorphic research suggests that the time is opportune for a summary of the state of discipline. The number of peer-reviewed papers published in geomorphic journals has grown steadily for more than two decades and, more importantly, the diversity of authors with respect to geographic location and disciplinary background (geography, geology, ecology, civil engineering, computer science, geographic information science, and others) has expanded dramatically. As more good minds are drawn to geomorphology, and the breadth of the peer-reviewed literature grows, an effective summary of contemporary geomorphic knowledge becomes increasingly difficult. The fourteen volumes of this Treatise on Geomorphology will provide an important reference for users from undergraduate students looking for term paper topics, to graduate students starting a literature review for their thesis work, and professionals seeking a concise summary of a particular topic. Information on the historical development of diverse topics within geomorphology provides context for ongoing research; discussion of research strategies, equipment, and field methods, laboratory experiments, and numerical simulations reflect the multiple approaches to understanding Earth’s surfaces; and summaries of outstanding research questions highlight future challenges and suggest productive new avenues for research. Our future ability to adapt to geomorphic changes in the critical zone very much hinges upon how well landform scientists comprehend the dynamics of Earth’s diverse surfaces. This Treatise on Geomorphology provides a useful synthesis of the state of the discipline, as well as highlighting productive research directions, that Educators and students/researchers will find useful. Geomorphology has advanced greatly in the last 10 years to become a very interdisciplinary field. Undergraduate students looking for term paper topics, to graduate students starting a literature review for their thesis work, and professionals seeking a concise summary of a particular topic will find the answers they need in this broad reference work which has been designed and written to accommodate their diverse backgrounds and levels of understanding Editor-in-Chief, Prof. J. F. Shroder of the University of Nebraska at Omaha, is past president of the QG&G section of the Geological Society of America and present Trustee of the GSA Foundation, while being well respected in the geomorphology research community and having won numerous awards in the field. A host of noted international geomorphologists have contributed state-of-the-art chapters to the work. Readers can be guaranteed that every chapter in this extensive work has been critically reviewed for consistency and accuracy by the World expert Volume Editors and by the Editor-in-Chief himself No other reference work exists in the area of Geomorphology that offers the breadth and depth of information contained in this 14-volume masterpiece. From the foundations and history of geomorphology through to geomorphological innovations and computer modelling, and the past and future states of landform science, no "stone" has been left unturned!
Author : Tobias Heckmann
Publisher : Springer
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 26,58 MB
Release : 2018-11-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 3319941844
This book discusses the recession of alpine glaciers since the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA), which has been accelerating in the past decades. It provides an overview of the research in the field, presenting definitions and information about the different proglacial areas and systems. A number of case studies are from the PROSA project group which encompasses the expertise of geomorphologists, geologists, glaciologists and geodesists. The PROSA joint project (High-resolution measurements of morphodynamics in rapidly changing PROglacial Systems of the Alps) is determined to tackle the problems of geomorphic activity on sediment export through a quantification of sediment fluxes effected by the aforementioned geomorphic processes within the forefield of the Gepatschferner glacier (Central Alps, Austria).
Author : R. P. C. Morgan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 608 pages
File Size : 21,51 MB
Release : 2016-04-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1444328468
The movement of sediment and associated pollutants over thelandscape and into water bodies is of increasing concern withrespect to pollution control, prevention of muddy floods andenvironmental protection. In addition, the loss of soil on site hasimplications for declining agricultural productivity, loss ofbiodiversity and decreased amenity and landscape value. The fate ofsediment and the conservation of soil are important issues for landmanagers and decision-makers. In developing appropriate policiesand solutions, managers and researchers are making greater use oferosion models to characterise the processes of erosion and theirinteraction with the landscape. A study of erosion requires one to think in terms ofmicroseconds to understand the mechanics of impact of a singleraindrop on a soil surface, while landscapes form over periods ofthousands of years. These processes operate on scales ofmillimetres for single raindrops to mega-metres for continents.Erosion modelling thus covers quite a lot of ground. This bookintroduces the conceptual and mathematical frameworks used toformulate models of soil erosion and uses case studies to show howmodels are applied to a variety of purposes at a range of spatialand temporal scales. The aim is to provide land managers and otherswith the tools required to select a model appropriate to the typeand scale of erosion problem, to show what users can expect interms of accuracy of model predictions and to provide anappreciation of both the advantages and limitations of models.Problems covered include those arising from agriculture, theconstruction industry, pollution and climatic change and range inscale from farms to small and large catchments. The book will alsobe useful to students and research scientists as an up-to-datereview of the state-of-art of erosion modelling and, through aknowledge of how models are used in practice, in highlighting thegaps in knowledge that need to be filled in order to develop evenbetter models.
Author : Marco G. Malusà
Publisher : Springer
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 14,52 MB
Release : 2018-07-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 3319894218
This book is focused on the basics of applying thermochronology to geological and tectonic problems, with the emphasis on fission-track thermochronology. It is conceived for relatively new practitioners to thermochronology, as well as scientists experienced in the various methods. The book is structured in two parts. Part I is devoted to the fundamentals of the fission-track method, to its integration with other geochronologic methods, and to the basic principles of statistics for fission-track dating and sedimentology applied to detrital thermochronology. Part I also includes the historical development of the technique and thoughts on future directions. Part II is devoted to the geological interpretation of the thermochronologic record. The thermal frame of reference and the different approaches for the interpretation of fission-track data within a geological framework of both basement and detrital studies are discussed in detail. Separate chapters demonstrate the application of fission-track thermochronology from various perspectives (e.g., tectonics, petrology, stratigraphy, hydrocarbon exploration, geomorphology), with other chapters on the application to basement rocks in orogens, passive continental margins and cratonic interiors, as well as various applications of detrital thermochronology.
Author : Richard John Huggett
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 909 pages
File Size : 39,29 MB
Release : 2011-03-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 1135281130
This extensively revised, restructured, and updated edition continues to present an engaging and comprehensive introduction to the subject, exploring the world’s landforms from a broad systems perspective. It covers the basics of Earth surface forms and processes, while reflecting on the latest developments in the field. Fundamentals of Geomorphology begins with a consideration of the nature of geomorphology, process and form, history, and geomorphic systems, and moves on to discuss: structure: structural landforms associated with plate tectonics and those associated with volcanoes, impact craters, and folds, faults, and joints process and form: landforms resulting from, or influenced by, the exogenic agencies of weathering, running water, flowing ice and meltwater, ground ice and frost, the wind, and the sea; landforms developed on limestone; and landscape evolution, a discussion of ancient landforms, including palaeosurfaces, stagnant landscape features, and evolutionary aspects of landscape change. This third edition has been fully updated to include a clearer initial explanation of the nature of geomorphology, of land surface process and form, and of land-surface change over different timescales. The text has been restructured to incorporate information on geomorphic materials and processes at more suitable points in the book. Finally, historical geomorphology has been integrated throughout the text to reflect the importance of history in all aspects of geomorphology. Fundamentals of Geomorphology provides a stimulating and innovative perspective on the key topics and debates within the field of geomorphology. Written in an accessible and lively manner, it includes guides to further reading, chapter summaries, and an extensive glossary of key terms. The book is also illustrated throughout with over 200 informative diagrams and attractive photographs, all in colour.