Connecting Quarks with the Cosmos


Book Description

Advances made by physicists in understanding matter, space, and time and by astronomers in understanding the universe as a whole have closely intertwined the question being asked about the universe at its two extremesâ€"the very large and the very small. This report identifies 11 key questions that have a good chance to be answered in the next decade. It urges that a new research strategy be created that brings to bear the techniques of both astronomy and sub-atomic physics in a cross-disciplinary way to address these questions. The report presents seven recommendations to facilitate the necessary research and development coordination. These recommendations identify key priorities for future scientific projects critical for realizing these scientific opportunities.




Hadrons in Dense Matter and Hadrosynthesis


Book Description

In seven lectures of a pedagogical nature aimed at both researchers and graduate students the authors review important aspects of hadronic physics. The book contains a comprehensive review of recent experimental results obtained at the GSI collider. In particular, it covers chiral symmetry at finite temperature and statistical methods applied to relativistic heavy ion collisions and gives a detailed presentation of the astrophysics of strange quark matter.




Compact Stars


Book Description

A whole decades research collated, organised and synthesised into one single book! Following a 60-page review of the seminal treatises of Misner, Thorne, Wheeler and Weinberg on general relativity, Glendenning goes on to explore the internal structure of compact stars, white dwarfs, neutron stars, hybrids, strange quark stars, both the counterparts of neutron stars as well as of dwarfs. This is a self-contained treatment and will be of interest to graduate students in physics and astrophysics as well as others entering the field.




Quark Matter


Book Description

From the Editors Preface: "Quark Matter 1987 was attended by about 250 scientists, representing 75 research institutions around the world - the scientific community engaged in experimental and theoretical studies of high energy nuclear collisions. The central theme of the meeting was the possibility of achieving extreme energy densities in extended systems of strongly interacting matter - with the ultimate aim of creating in the laboratory a deconfined state of matter, a state in which quarks and gluons attain the active degrees of freedom. High energy accelerator beams and cosmic radiation projectiles provide the experimental tools for this endeavour; on the theoretical side, it is intimately connected to recent developments in the non-perturbative study of quantum chromodynamics. Phase transitions between hadronic matter and quark-gluon plasma are of basic interest also for our understanding of the dynamics of the early universe ... A very special feature of this Sixth Quark Matter Conference was the advent of the first experimental results from dedicated accelerator studies. These were conducted during 1986/87 at the AGS of Brookhaven National Laboratory ... and at the CERN SPS ... An intense discussion of these data formed the main activity of the meeting.




Quark-Gluon Plasma


Book Description

Quark-Gluon Plasma introduces the primordial matter, composed of two types of elementary particles, created at the time of the Big Bang. During the evolution of the universe, Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) undergoes a transition to hadronic matter governed by quantum chromodynamics, the law of strong interactions. After an introduction to gauge theories, various aspects of quantum chromodynamic phase transitions are illustrated in a self-contained manner. The cosmological approach and renormalization group are discussed, as well as the cosmological and astrophysical implications of QGP, on the basis of Einstein's equations. Recent developments towards the formation of QGP in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions are also presented in detail. This text is suitable as an introduction for graduate students, as well as providing a valuable reference for researchers already working in this and related fields. It includes eight appendices and over a hundred exercises.




At the Edge of Time


Book Description

A new look at the first few seconds after the Big Bang—and how research into these moments continues to revolutionize our understanding of our universe Scientists in the past few decades have made crucial discoveries about how our cosmos evolved over the past 13.8 billion years. But there remains a critical gap in our knowledge: we still know very little about what happened in the first seconds after the Big Bang. At the Edge of Time focuses on what we have recently learned and are still striving to understand about this most essential and mysterious period of time at the beginning of cosmic history. Delving into the remarkable science of cosmology, Dan Hooper describes many of the extraordinary and perplexing questions that scientists are asking about the origin and nature of our world. Hooper examines how we are using the Large Hadron Collider and other experiments to re-create the conditions of the Big Bang and test promising theories for how and why our universe came to contain so much matter and so little antimatter. We may be poised to finally discover how dark matter was formed during our universe’s first moments, and, with new telescopes, we are also lifting the veil on the era of cosmic inflation, which led to the creation of our world as we know it. Wrestling with the mysteries surrounding the initial moments that followed the Big Bang, At the Edge of Time presents an accessible investigation of our universe and its origin.




Physics And Astrophysics Of Quark-gluon Plasma - Proceedings Of The 2nd International Conference


Book Description

A notable feature of this volume is the emphasis on the role of quark matter as well as the cosmic QCD phase transition in cosmology and astrophysics. In addition, there are several review talks, both in experiment and theory, summarising the state of the art and projection for the near future in this important and rapidly evolving area. This book will serve as an important source for researchers and graduate students in the area of quark-gluon plasma physics, excited hadronic matter, astrophysics, cosmology and other related areas.




Particle Astrophysics


Book Description

Recent years have seen a symbiosis of the fields of elementary particle physics and the astrophysics of the early universe. This text presents the background of the subjects and the latest developments at a level suitable for the average physics undergraduate. After introductory chapters inelementary particles and their interactions and role in the expanding universe, the problems and challenges of cosmological asymmetries, dark matter and dark energy are presented, followed by chapters on the growth of cosmic structure, on high energy cosmic rays and on particle processes in stars. Abalance is maintained between theory and experiment and the text supplemented with over 100 problems, together with answers and model solutions.




Mesons and Quarks


Book Description

"This monograph "Mesons and Quarks" includes a wide range of topics in the frontier areas of research in the overlapping field of nuclear and particle physics. It discusses various aspects of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) at different regimes of energy and density."--BOOK JACKET.




Astronomy And Relativistic Astrophysics: New Phenomena And New States Of Matter In The Universe - Proceedings Of The Third Workshop (Iwara07)


Book Description

This book presents scientific research on the central theme of new states of matter and new phenomena in the universe. The topics covered range from the big bang, through topics including the formation of exotic stars, black holes and the plasma of quarks and gluons by heavy ion reactions, to the influence of dark matter and dark energy in the evolution of the universe.Scientific interest in these themes has been growing: together with the development of major projects such as AUGER, LHC, FERMI Telescope, FAIR/GSI and GEO/LIGO, the diversity and scope of research on such themes has been on the rise. The content is detailed enough to capture the interest of experts in the field and is useful for future explorations on these fascinating themes.