Book Description
The author examines the idea of free will, arguing that consideration of human rationality and consciousness together gives us free will.
Author : David Hodgson
Publisher : OUP USA
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 24,53 MB
Release : 2012-01-04
Category : Law
ISBN : 0199845301
The author examines the idea of free will, arguing that consideration of human rationality and consciousness together gives us free will.
Author : Keith Stanovich
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 37,18 MB
Release : 2011-02-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0195341147
In this book, Keith Stanovich attempts to resolve the Great Rationality Debate in cognitive science-the debate about how much irrationality to ascribe to human cognition. Stanovich shows how the insights of dual-process theory and evolutionary psychology can be combined to explain why humans are sometimes irrational even though they possess cognitive machinery of remarkable adaptiveness. Using a unique individual differences approach, Stanovich shows that to fully characterize differences in rational thinking, the traditional System 2 of dual-process theory must be partitioned into the reflective mind and the algorithmic mind. Using a new tripartite model of mind, Stanovich shows how rationality is a more encompassing construct than intelligence-when both are properly defined-and that IQ tests fail to assess individual differences in rational thought. Stanovich discusses the types of thinking processes that would be measured in an assessment of rational thinking.
Author : Roy Harris
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 207 pages
File Size : 12,36 MB
Release : 2009-01-13
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 1135838763
This book re-examines the old debate about the relationship between rationality and literacy. Does writing "restructure consciousness?" Do preliterate societies have a different "mind-set" from literate societies? Is reason "built in" to the way we think? How is literacy related to numeracy? Is the "logical form" that Western philosophers recognize anything more than an extrapolation from the structure of the written sentence? Is logic, as developed formally in Western education, intrinsically beyond the reach of the preliterate mind? What light, if any, do the findings of contemporary neuroscience throw on such issues? Roy Harris challenges the received mainstream opinion that reason is an intrinsic property of the human mind, and argues that the whole Western conception of rational thought, from Classical Greece down to modern symbolic logic, is a by-product of the way literacy developed in European cultures.
Author : David H. Hodgson
Publisher :
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 46,83 MB
Release : 2012
Category : Free will and determinism
ISBN : 9780199932269
Taking a fresh approach to the question of free will, David Hodgson contends that close consideration of human rationality and human consciousness shows that together they give us free will, in a robust and indeterministic sense, and in a way that is consistent with what science tells us about the world.
Author : Scott Sturgeon
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 23,33 MB
Release : 2020-01-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0192584669
Scott Sturgeon presents an original account of mental states and their dynamics. He develops a detailed story of coarse- and fine-grained mental states, a novel perspective on how they fit together, an engaging theory of the rational transitions between them, and a fresh view of how formal methods can advance our understanding in this area. In doing so, he addresses a deep four-way divide in literature on epistemic rationality. Formal epistemology is done in specialized languages—often seeming a lot more like mathematics than Plato—and so can alienate philosophers who are drawn to more traditional work on thought experiments in epistemic rationality. Conversely, informal epistemology appears to be a lot more like Plato than mathematics and, as such, it tends to deter philosophers drawn to formal models of the phenomena. Similarly, the epistemology of coarse-grained states boils down everything to a discussion of rational belief—making the area appear a lot more like foundations of knowledge than anything useful for the theory rational decision, such as decision-making under uncertainty. The Rational Mind unifies work in all of these areas for the first time.
Author : Jon Elster
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 45,30 MB
Release : 1999
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780521644877
A comprehensive book on the emotions considering the full range of theoretical approaches.
Author : Keith E. Stanovich
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 479 pages
File Size : 12,34 MB
Release : 2016-09-30
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0262034840
How to assess critical aspects of cognitive functioning that are not measured by IQ tests: rational thinking skills. Why are we surprised when smart people act foolishly? Smart people do foolish things all the time. Misjudgments and bad decisions by highly educated bankers and money managers, for example, brought us the financial crisis of 2008. Smart people do foolish things because intelligence is not the same as the capacity for rational thinking. The Rationality Quotient explains that these two traits, often (and incorrectly) thought of as one, refer to different cognitive functions. The standard IQ test, the authors argue, doesn't measure any of the broad components of rationality—adaptive responding, good judgment, and good decision making. The authors show that rational thinking, like intelligence, is a measurable cognitive competence. Drawing on theoretical work and empirical research from the last two decades, they present the first prototype for an assessment of rational thinking analogous to the IQ test: the CART (Comprehensive Assessment of Rational Thinking). The authors describe the theoretical underpinnings of the CART, distinguishing the algorithmic mind from the reflective mind. They discuss the logic of the tasks used to measure cognitive biases, and they develop a unique typology of thinking errors. The Rationality Quotient explains the components of rational thought assessed by the CART, including probabilistic and scientific reasoning; the avoidance of “miserly” information processing; and the knowledge structures needed for rational thinking. Finally, the authors discuss studies of the CART and the social and practical implications of such a test. An appendix offers sample items from the test.
Author : José Luis Bermúdez
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 12,97 MB
Release : 2002
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199256839
In a series of essays nine philosophers and two psychologists address three main themes: the status of norms of rationality; the precise form taken by them; and the role of norms in belief and actions.
Author : David R. Olson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 36,17 MB
Release : 2016-11-07
Category : Education
ISBN : 1107162890
Shows why reading and writing are essential to developing a consciousness of language that, in turn, lies at the core of rationality.
Author : William James
Publisher :
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 48,80 MB
Release : 1896
Category : Philosophy
ISBN :