Fake Silk


Book Description

When a new technology makes people ill, how high does the body count have to be before protectives steps are taken? This disturbing book tells a dark story of hazardous manufacturing, poisonous materials, environmental abuses, political machinations, and economics trumping safety concerns. It explores the century-long history of "fake silk," or cellulose viscose, used to produce such products as rayon textiles and tires, cellophane, and everyday kitchen sponges. Paul Blanc uncovers the grim history of a product that crippled and even served a death sentence to many industry workers while also releasing toxic carbon disulfide into the environment. Viscose, an innovative and lucrative product first introduced in the early twentieth century, quickly became a multinational corporate enterprise. Blanc investigates industry practices from the beginning through two highly profitable world wars, the midcentury export of hazardous manufacturing to developing countries, and the current "greenwashing" of viscose as an eco-friendly product. Deeply researched and boldly presented, this book brings to light an industrial hazard whose egregious history ranks with those of asbestos, lead, and mercury.




Manufactured Fibre Technology


Book Description

Manufactured Fibre Technology provides an accessible and comprehensive treatment of the chemical, physical and mechanical processes involved in the production of all important commodity manufactured fibres and most of the industrial fibres. The emphasis is on the fundamental principles and industrial aspects of production. Latest developments in manufactured fibres in terms of manufacturing processes, characteristics and their applications are also covered. Manufactured Fibre Technology is designed around twenty chapters with a balance of basic principles and production of specific fibre types. Newer and industrially relevant areas such as high speed spinning, production of speciality fibres (including microfibres), computer simulation of spinning, high performance fibres, spun-bonding and melt-blowing, and re-use of fibre waste are included. The structure, property and application areas of each fibre type are also discussed, thus providing a broad understanding of the subject. In addition, various aspects related to the testing and characterisation of fibres and polymers are reviewed. This book is an invaluable resource to students, lecturers, industrial technologists and researchers in this subject area.




Regenerated Cellulose Fibres


Book Description

This is a comprehensive work by industrial and academic specialists proving up-to-date information on the chemistry, physics, process technology, applications and markets for man-made cellulosic fibres. It covers the properties and applications of viscose rayon, cupprammonium rayon and the new solvent-spun fibres as well as considering their relationships with the natural cellulosics such as cotton and the synthetic polymer fibres such as polyester.This overview of the only truly, naturally recyclable fibres and the latest manufacturing techniques that are being developed to produce them will be of interest to professionals in textile production, research and development, manufacturing chemists and textile technologists.The nonwovens and paper industries that use cellulose as a basic ingredient of their products will also find it valuable as will medical textiles producers and geotextiles engineers.




Biotextiles as Medical Implants


Book Description

Textiles play a vital role in the manufacture of various medical devices, including the replacement of diseased, injured or non-functioning organs within the body. Biotextiles as medical implants provides an invaluable single source of information on the main types of textile materials and products used for medical implants. The first part of the book focuses on polymers, fibers and textile technologies, and these chapters discuss the manufacture, sterilization, properties and types of biotextiles used for medical applications, including nanofibers, resorbable polymers and shaped biotextiles. The chapters in part two provide a comprehensive discussion of a range of different clinical applications of biotextiles, including surgical sutures, arterial prostheses, stent grafts, percutaneous heart valves and drug delivery systems.This book provides a concise review of the technologies, properties and types of biotextiles used as medical devices. In addition, it addresses the biological dimension of how to design devices for different clinical applications, providing an invaluable reference for biomedical engineers of medical textiles, quality control and risk assessment specialists, as well as managers of regulatory affairs. The subject matter will also be of interest to professionals within the healthcare system including surgeons, nurses, therapists, sourcing and purchasing agents, researchers and students in different disciplines. - Provides an invaluable single source of information on the main types of textile materials and products used for medical implants - Addresses the technologies used and discusses the manufacture, properties and types of biotextiles - Examines applications of biotextiles as medical implants, including drug delivery systems and stent grafts and percutaneous heart valves




Innovative Biofibers from Renewable Resources


Book Description

This book will be a one-stop-shop for readers seeking information on biofibers that are sustainable and environmentally friendly and those that can replace the non-renewable synthetic polymer based fibers. Emphasis will be on fibers that are derived from agricultural byproducts and coproducts without the need for additional natural resources.




10th International Munich Chassis Symposium 2019


Book Description

The increasing automation of driving functions and the electrification of powertrains present new challenges for the chassis with regard to complexity, redundancy, data security,and installation space. At the same time, the mobility of the future will also require entirely new vehicle concepts, particularly in urban areas. The intelligent chassis must be connected, electrified, and automated in order to be best prepared for this future.




Fifty Materials That Make the World


Book Description

This book introduces materials and how advances in materials result in advances in technology and our daily lives. Each chapter covers a particular material, how the material was discovered or invented, when it was first used, how this material has impacted the world, what makes the material important, how it is used today, and future applications. The list of materials covered in this book includes stone, wood, natural fibers, metals, clay, lead, iron, steel, silicon, glass, rubber, composites, polyethylene, rare earth magnet, and alloys.







Starch: Chemistry and Technology


Book Description

Starch: Chemistry and Technology, Second Edition focuses on the chemistry, processes, methodologies, applications, and technologies involved in the processing of starch. The selection first elaborates on the history and future expectation of starch use, economics and future of the starch industry, and the genetics and physiology of starch development. Discussions focus on polysaccharide biosynthesis, nonmutant starch granule polysaccharide composition, cellular developmental gradients, projected future volumes of corn likely to be used by the wet-milling industry, and organization of the corn wet-milling industry. The manuscript also tackles enzymes in the hydrolysis and synthesis of starch, starch oligosaccharides, and molecular structure of starch. The publication examines the organization of starch granules, fractionation of starch, and gelatinization of starch and mechanical properties of starch pastes. Topics include methods for determining starch gelatinization, solution properties of amylopectin, conformation of amylose in dilute solution, and biological and biochemical facets of starch granule structure. The text also takes a look at photomicrographs of starches, industrial microscopy of starches, and starch and dextrins in prepared adhesives. The selection is a vital reference for researchers interested in the processing of starch.




Barrel Children


Book Description