› › Relationship Of Driving Comfort To Perceived And Objective Driving Abilities And Future Driving Behaviour

Relationship of Driving Comfort to Perceived and Objective Driving Abilities and Future Driving Behaviour

Author : Lisa MacDonald

Publisher :

Page : 219 pages

File Size : 37,31 MB

Release : 2007

Category :

ISBN : 9780494352847

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Book Description

Introduction: Bandura's self-efficacy theory postulates that confidence is a stronger determinant of behaviour than one's actual skills or abilities. The Day and Night time Driving Comfort Scales (D-DCS and N-DCS) are new tools to measure perceived confidence in older drivers. Developed inductively with older drivers, the DCSs have good structural properties and preliminary psychometric support, including test-retest reliability. Purpose: This thesis builds on previous work by further examining the construct validity of the DCSs via (1) temporal associations (Study 1) and (2) cross-sectional relationships (Study 2). Study 1 prospectively examined the relationship between DCS scores and self-reported driving behaviour. Study 2, meanwhile, examined cross-sectional associations between DCS scores and selected sample characteristics, self-reported driving behaviour and driving problems, perceived abilities and seven objectively measured driving-related abilities (visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, disability glare, brake reaction time, lower body mobility, executive skills and visual attention). Methods: For Study 1, a convenience sample of 82 older drivers (aged 63 to 93) were assessed at baseline and follow-up (five to 17 months later). Study tools comprised the DCSs, multi-item ratings of driving frequency, avoidance and perceived abilities and a background questionnaire. Telephone interviews were conducted with a subgroup of 45 drivers to examine reasons for changes in driving comfort. For Study 2, cross-sectional relationships with the DCSs were examined using baseline data from 65 drivers (aged 63 to 93). A subgroup of 42 participants completed objective assessments of driving-related abilities assessed via ETDRS charts, Pelli-Robson charts, Brightness Acuity Tester, brake reaction time apparatus, the Rapid Paced Walk, the Trail Making Tests (Parts A and B) and the UFOV subtest 2. Results: Prospectively, lower baseline N-DCS scores (p



The Psychology of Driving

Author : Graham J. Hole

Publisher : Psychology Press

Page : 266 pages

File Size : 43,15 MB

Release : 2014-07-10

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 131777809X

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Book Description

Road accidents are the major cause of death and injury among young people in the developing world, and the field of psychology can offer great insights into the many factors that are at play when we get behind the wheels of our cars. Based on data collected around the world on drivers of all age groups, Graham Hole provides an up to date picture of the realities of driving, including visual perception issues, cell phone distractions, fatigue, drugs, and the effects of aging. These insights can help explain why we crash, as well as how we achieve the amazing feat of not crashing more often than we do. In this jargon-free and very accessible book, Hole applies psychological methods and insights to this every-day experience with two audiences in mind. First, he speaks to accident investigators, who frequently rely on well-developed understandings of engineering and forensics and less insight into the psychology of the driver. Second, of course, this book will be of value to anyone interested in the application of cognitive psychology to real-world behaviors, and to anyone who drives.



Driver Behaviour and Training

Author : Dr Lisa Dorn

Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.

Page : 496 pages

File Size : 26,74 MB

Release : 2013-09-28

Category : Business & Economics

ISBN : 1472414713

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Book Description

Research on driver behaviour over the past three decades has clearly demonstrated that the goals and motivations a driver brings to the driving task are important determinants for driver behaviour. The objective of the book, and of the International Conference on Driver Behaviour and Training on which it is based, is to describe and discuss recent advances in the study of driving behaviour and driver training. It bridges the gap between practitioners and theoreticians investigating driving behaviour, from a number of different perspectives and related disciplines. A major focus is to consider how driver training needs to be adapted to take into account individual differences, in order to raise awareness of how these may contribute to unsafe driving behaviour. From this it goes on to promote the development of driver training courses that consider all the skills that are essential for road safety. The effect of road environment and in-vehicle technology is also debated with reference to driver responses. The book is timely in its aim of defining new approaches to improving road safety based on many years of empirical research on driver behaviour. The contributing researchers and professionals are encouraged to consider the applications of their work for reducing the risk of crash involvement, with a strong emphasis on driver training. The readership includes researchers from a variety of different academic backgrounds, practitioners from regulatory authorities, vehicle manufacturers and organisations concerned with improving road safety.



Driver Behaviour and Training

Author : Dr Lisa Dorn

Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.

Page : 492 pages

File Size : 22,7 MB

Release : 2012-10-01

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 1409485498

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Book Description

Research on driver behaviour over the past two decades has clearly demonstrated that drivers' goals and motivations are important determinants of driver behaviour. The importance of this work is underlined by statistics: WHO figures show that road accidents are predicted to be the number three cause of death and injury by 2020 (currently more than 20 million deaths and injuries p.a.). The objective of the third volume, and of the conference on which it is based, is to describe and discuss recent advances in the study of driving behaviour and driver training. It bridges the gap between practitioners in road safety, and theoreticians investigating driving behaviour, from a number of different perspectives and related disciplines. A major focus is to consider how driver training and education needs to be adapted to raise awareness of the personal characteristics that contribute to unsafe driving behaviour with the aim of developing and reporting interventions to improve road safety. The contributors consider the novice driver problem, emotions and driver behaviour, at-work road safety, technological interventions, human factors and the road environment and rider behaviour. The readership for this volume includes researchers from a variety of different academic backgrounds, senior practitioners in road safety, including regulatory authorities, the police service, and private and public sector personnel working with drivers and motorcyclists.



Examination of Older Driver Perceptions and Actual Behaviour in Sole Household Drivers and Driving Couples

Author : Robin Ann Blanchard

Publisher :

Page : 192 pages

File Size : 47,86 MB

Release : 2008

Category : Older automobile drivers

ISBN : 9780494432419

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Book Description

Introduction: Driver perceptions may be a more important determinant of behaviour than one's actual driving abilities. While there is evidence to support these associations, prior studies have relied on self-reports of driving behaviour. Purpose: The primary purposes of this study were to extend previous research by examining driver perceptions in relation to measures of actual driving behaviour and to compare the perceptions and behaviour of sole versus couple drivers. Methods: A convenience sample of 61 older drivers (aged 67 to 92, 59% women) were recruited as either sole drivers (only driver in the household, n=39) or couples (both currently driving and sharing a vehicle, n=22). Two in-vehicle devices (one with a GPS unit) were installed in participant vehicles for one week. Participants completed trip logs, out-of-home activity diaries, questions on usual driving habits and ratings of situational driving frequency and avoidance. Perceptions were assessed using the Driving Comfort Scales (DCS Day and Night) and Perceived Driving Abilities (PDA) Scales. Couples were also asked to rate their comfort level in their partner's driving using modified DCSs. Tools were administered at one of two home visits (during which vehicle devices were installed and removed) and an interview conducted at the end to ascertain whether the week's driving was typical. Results: Driving comfort scores were significantly related to multiple indicators of actual driving behaviour, including: radius from home (DCS-D, p



Driver Behaviour and Training: Volume 2

Author : Dr. Lisa Dorn

Publisher : Routledge

Page : 527 pages

File Size : 50,17 MB

Release : 2017-07-05

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 1351569147

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Book Description

Research on driver behaviour over the past two decades has clearly demonstrated that the goals and motivations a driver brings to the driving task are important determinants for driver behaviour. The importance of this work is underlined by statistics: WHO figures show that road accidents are predicted to be the number three cause of death and injury by 2020 (currently more than 20 million deaths and injuries p.a.). The objective of this second edition, and of the conference on which it is based, is to describe and discuss recent advances in the study of driving behaviour and driver training. It bridges the gap between practitioners in road safety, and theoreticians investigating driving behaviour, from a number of different perspectives and related disciplines. A major focus is to consider how driver training needs to be adapted, to take into account driver characteristics, goals and motivations, in order to raise awareness of how these may contribute to unsafe driving behaviour, and to go on to promote the development of driver training courses that considers all the skills that are essential for road safety. As well as setting out new approaches to driver training methodology based on many years of empirical research on driver behaviour, the contributing road safety researchers and professionals consider the impact of human factors in the design of driver training as well as the traditional skills-based approach. Readership includes road safety researchers from a variety of different academic backgrounds, senior practitioners in the field of driver training from regulatory authorities and professional driver training organizations such as the police service, and private and public sector personnel who are concerned with improving road safety.



Self-regulatory Driving Behaviour, Perceived Abilities and Comfort Level of Older Drivers with Parkinson's Disease Compared to Age-matched Healthy Controls

Author : Alexander Michael Crizzle

Publisher :

Page : 224 pages

File Size : 19,88 MB

Release : 2011

Category :

ISBN :

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Book Description

Introduction: Multiple studies have shown the symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) can impair driving performance. Studies have also found elevated crash rates in drivers with PD, however, none have controlled for exposure or amount of driving. Although a few studies have suggested that drivers with PD may self-regulate (e.g., by reducing exposure or avoiding challenging situations), findings were based on self-report data. Studies with healthy older drivers have shown that objective driving data is more accurate than self-estimates. Purposes: The primary objectives of this study were to examine whether drivers with PD restrict their driving (exposure and patterns) relative to an age-matched control group and explore possible reasons for such restrictions: trip purposes, perceptions of driving comfort and abilities, as well as depression, disease severity and symptoms associated with PD.



Driver Behaviour and Training

Author : Dr Lisa Dorn

Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.

Page : 562 pages

File Size : 25,44 MB

Release : 2012-10-01

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 1409486435

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Book Description

Research on driver behaviour over the past two decades has clearly demonstrated that the goals and motivations a driver brings to the driving task are important determinants for driver behaviour. The objective of the Driver Behaviour and Training volumes, and of the conference on which they are based, is to describe and discuss recent advances in the study of this important area. It bridges the gap between practitioners in road safety and theoreticians investigating driving behaviour, from a number of different perspectives and related disciplines. Educating drivers to be safe for life means a shift in focus from simply developing vehicle-handling skills towards ensuring that drivers are aware of how goals and motivations can influence decision-making throughout their driving career. A major focus within this fourth volume is to consider how driver training needs to be adapted in order to raise awareness of how human factors contribute to unsafe driving behaviour. From this it goes on to promote the development of driver education that considers all the skills that are essential for road safety. The readership will include road safety researchers from a variety of different academic backgrounds, senior practitioners in the field of driver training from regulatory authorities and professional driver training organisations such as the police service, and private and public sector personnel.



Handbook of Traffic Psychology

Author : Bryan E. Porter

Publisher : Academic Press

Page : 537 pages

File Size : 18,36 MB

Release : 2011-06-22

Category : Transportation

ISBN : 0123819857

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Book Description

The Handbook of Traffic Psychology covers all key areas of research in this field including theory, applications, methodology and analyses, variables that affect traffic, driver problem behaviors, and countermeasures to reduce risk on roadways. Comprehensive in scope, the methodology section includes case-control studies, self-report instruments and methods, field methods and naturalistic observational techniques, instrumented vehicles and in-car recording techniques, modeling and simulation methods, in vivo methods, clinical assessment, and crash datasets and analyses. Experienced researchers will better understand what methods are most useful for what kinds of studies and students can better understand the myriad of techniques used in this discipline. Focuses specifically on traffic, as opposed to transport Covers all key areas of research in traffic psychology including theory, applications, methodology and analyses, variables that affect traffic, driver problem behaviors, and countermeasures to reduce the risk of variables and behavior Contents include how to conduct traffic research and how to analyze data Contributors come from more than 10 countries, including US, UK, Japan, Netherlands, Ireland, Switzerland, Mexico, Australia, Canada, Turkey, France, Finland, Norway, Israel, and South Africa



Emotions and Affect in Human Factors and Human-Computer Interaction

Author : Myounghoon Jeon

Publisher : Academic Press

Page : 626 pages

File Size : 10,21 MB

Release : 2017-04-05

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 0128018798

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Book Description

Emotions and Affect in Human Factors and Human–Computer Interaction is a complete guide for conducting affect-related research and design projects in H/F and HCI domains. Introducing necessary concepts, methods, approaches, and applications, the book highlights how critical emotions and affect are to everyday life and interaction with cognitive artifacts. The text covers the basis of neural mechanisms of affective phenomena, as well as representative approaches to Affective Computing, Kansei Engineering, Hedonomics, and Emotional Design. The methodologies section includes affect induction techniques, measurement techniques, detection and recognition techniques, and regulation models and strategies. The application chapters discuss various H/F and HCI domains: product design, human–robot interaction, behavioral health and game design, and transportation. Engineers and designers can learn and apply psychological theories and mechanisms to account for their affect-related research and can develop their own domain-specific theory. The approach outlined in this handbook works to close the existing gap between the traditional affect research and the emerging field of affective design and affective computing. Provides a theoretical background of affective sciences Demonstrates diverse affect induction methods in actual research settings Describes sensing technologies, such as brain–computer interfaces, facial expression detection, and more Covers emotion modeling and its application to regulation processes Includes case studies and applied examples in a variety of H/F and HCI application areas Addresses emerging interdisciplinary areas including Positive Technology, Subliminal Perception, Physiological Computing, and Aesthetic Computing