Environmental and Water Quality Operational Studies. Reservoir Shoreline Revegetation Guidelines


Book Description

As part of the Environmental and Water Quality Operational Studies Program, three reserviors were selected for investigating the feasibility of establishing vegetation on shorelines subject to varying water levels. Study sites were established at Lake Oahe, South Dakota; Lake Texoma, Oklahoma/Texas; and Lake Wallula, Oregon/Washington. This report synthesizes the results of the revegetation trials at these study sites and pertinent revegetation concepts reported elsewhere. Guidelines for developing vegetation on reservoir shorelines having fluctuating water levels are presented in five parts: (a) planning, (b) site preparation, (c) planting, (d) post-planting operations and maintenance, and (e) costs. Emphasis is placed on reduced costs, proper planning, procurement of plant materials, appropriate planting times and methods, and special planting techniques for erodible shorelines.







Engineering Specification Guidelines for Wetland Plant Establishment and Subgrade Preparation


Book Description

This report explains the process involved when proceeding from a wetland mitigation design concept to a fill' engineering package that is suitable for public bid and advertisement The information provided is geared toward educating nonengineering professionals engaged in developing wetland mitigation specifications The biological foundations for the various elements are first presented, followed by full guideline specifications. The vegetation specifications address site preparation, plant material acquisition, transport, handling, and storage of seeds, herbs, and saplings, planting methods for various stock types, different seeding methods, tiring of planting in conjunction with seasonal variations, hydrological considerations such as tidal cycle, water level and rainfall patterns, equipment access and type, protection measures for herbivory, inundation and vandalism, fertilization and amendrnent application, soil-nutrient testing, substrate handling, trppsport, and storage and minimization of impacts on existing wetland resources. The subgrade specifications target construction methods and equipment, soil-material testing, and performance. The other soil-related specifications quarantine and safeguard existing resources such as friable surface soils and wetland topsoils that can be used to "seed" a site.




Technical Brief


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Annual Technical Report


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Approaches to Revegetate Shorelines at Lake Wallula on the Columbia River, Washington-Oregon


Book Description

This report summarizes 3 years of field studies at Lake Wallula, Washington-Oregon (McNary Reservoir), for the purpose of identifying plant species and revegetation techniques adaptable to reservoir shorelines within the US Army Engineer Districts, Portland and Walla Walla. Transplanted vegetation was subjected to various inundation treatmetns and survival and growth responses were evaluated. The experimental design included plantings in a subimpoundment in which water levels were controlled, and on two shoreline sites (a mudflat and a sandy beach). Twenty-nine native and naturalized riparian species were tested. In the controlled impoundment test site, willows (Salix fragilis and Salix purpurea), dwarf spikerush (Eleocharis coloradoensis), and two sedges (Carex obnupta and C. rostrata) were the most successsful species. Inundation depth and duration were found to directly affect performance of the tested plant species. The impact of weather and wildlife confounded treatment effects on plant growth and survival at the shoreline sites. Only softstem bulrush (Scirpus validus) survived all inundation treatments on the shoreline for the duration of the study. Study results show that several species have a potential for use in shoreline revegetation efforts. Environmental constraints other than flooding effects were identified.




Wetland Creation and Restoration


Book Description

"This report provides a hard copy of the bibliographic information contained in the digital Wetland Creation/Restoration Data Base. One thousand one hundred data base records are included; each of these represents one article, report, or other publication dealing with the creation or restoration of wetlands. Information in the records is ... accessible via a cross-referenced index divided into four sections (Location Index, Plant Genus Index, Wetland Type Index, and Subject Index."--Page 1 Abstract.




Wetland and Riparian Areas of the Intermountain West


Book Description

Wetlands and riparian areas between the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada are incredibly diverse and valuable habitats. More than 80 percent of the wildlife species in this intermountain region depend on these wetlands—which account for less than 2 percent of the land area—for their survival. At the same time, the wetlands also serve the water needs of ranchers and farmers, recreationists, vacation communities, and cities. It is no exaggeration to call water the "liquid gold" of the West, and the burgeoning human demands on this scarce resource make it imperative to understand and properly manage the wetlands and riverine areas of the Intermountain West. This book offers land managers, biologists, and research scientists a state-of-the-art survey of the ecology and management practices of wetland and riparian areas in the Intermountain West. Twelve articles examine such diverse issues as laws and regulations affecting these habitats, the unique physiographic features of the region, the importance of wetlands and riparian areas to fish, wildlife, and livestock, the ecological function of these areas, their value to humans, and the methods to evaluate these habitats. The authors also address the human impacts on the land from urban and suburban development, mining, grazing, energy extraction, recreation, water diversions, and timber harvesting and suggest ways to mitigate such impacts.




Science and Technology in Historic Preservation


Book Description

Technology transfer has played an increasingly important role in historic preservation during the latter half of the twentieth century, a situation attested to by the undertaking of an important congressional study in 1986 that assessed the role of federal agencies in the field. In this book leading researchers update the earlier findings and contribute state-of-the-art reviews and evaluations of technological progress in their areas of expertise.