Respiratory Regulation - Clinical Advances


Book Description

This book, written for pulmonary and family doctors, general practitioners, allergologists, and neuropsychologists, presents cutting-edge clinical research and therapy-oriented knowledge in the field of respiratory medicine. Clinical knowledge is undergoing dramatic improvement. Respiration is one such prominent field. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of respiratory ailments and the regulation of lung ventilation is essential for advances in pharmacotherapy and the patient’s quality of life. The book discusses a wide scope of topics, notably, innovations in detection and management of chronic inflammatory conditions such as COPD or asthma, acute infections of the respiratory tract, airway allergies and hyper-responsiveness, lung cancer, interstitial lung diseases, pulmonary function in health, disease and aging, sleep disordered breathing, interaction between the respiratory system and other bodily functions, and psychosomatic aspects of disease. After all, respiration is generated and integrated by the brain; therefore brain function is influential in respiratory regulation. The book is a platform that fosters the exchange of new clinical data between clinicians and academic neuroscientists, bringing a unique blend of medical diagnosis and practice to the leadership in respiratory medicine.




Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation, Second Edition


Book Description

This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.




SARS, MERS and other Viral Lung Infections


Book Description

Viral respiratory tract infections are important and common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the past two decades, several novel viral respiratory infections have emerged with epidemic potential that threaten global health security. This Monograph aims to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome and other viral respiratory infections, including seasonal influenza, avian influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus, through six chapters written by authoritative experts from around the globe.




Natural Ventilation for Infection Control in Health-care Settings


Book Description

This guideline defines ventilation and then natural ventilation. It explores the design requirements for natural ventilation in the context of infection control, describing the basic principles of design, construction, operation and maintenance for an effective natural ventilation system to control infection in health-care settings.




Advanced Respiratory Critical Care


Book Description

Respiratory disease is the most common reason for admission to intensive care, and advanced respiratory support is one of the most frequently used interventions in critically ill patients. A clear understanding of respiratory disease is the cornerstone of high quality intensive care. Although a plethora of literature is available, both in print and online, finding the necessary relevant information can be difficult and time consuming. This handbook provides comprehensive clinical detail in an easily readable format. It is written by practising clinicians and has both in-depth theoretical discussion and practical management advice. The book is divided into sections: Section 1 deals with the approach to the patient with respiratory failure - including pathophysiology, investigation and diagnosis Sections 2 covers non invasive treatment modalities Sections 3 and 4 examine invasive ventilation in detail. Section 3 considers the principles of mechanical ventilation while section 4 deals with individual ventilator modes Section 5 discusses the management of the ventilated patient including sedation, monitoring, asynchrony, heart - lung interaction, hypercapnia and hypoxia, complications, weaning and extubation. It also has chapters on areas less frequently covered such as humidification, suction, tracheal tubes and principles of physiotherapy Section 6 is a comprehensive breakdown of each respiratory condition seen in ICU. This book is designed to bridge the gap between Intensive Care starter texts and all-encompassing reference textbooks. It is aimed at consultants and senior trainees in Intensive Care Medicine, senior ICU nursing staff, consultants in other specialties and allied healthcare professionals who have an interest in advanced respiratory critical care.




Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems


Book Description

Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems: Modeling, Analysis, and Control uses a principle-based modeling approach and analysis of feedback control regulation to elucidate the physiological relationships. Models are arranged around specific questions or conditions, such as exercise or sleep transition, and are generally based on physiological mechanisms rather than on formal descriptions of input-output behavior. The authors ask open questions relevant to medical and clinical applications and clarify underlying themes of physiological control organization. Current problems, key issues, developing trends, and unresolved questions are highlighted. Researchers and graduate students in mathematical biology and biomedical engineering will find this book useful. It will also appeal to researchers in the physiological and life sciences who are interested in mathematical modeling.




Respiratory Regulation - The Molecular Approach


Book Description

This book, an international collaborative effort in the area of molecular respiratory research, showcases a broad range of multidisciplinary approaches to unravel and analyze the underlying mechanisms of a spectrum of respiratory ailments. It discusses immunological and genetic respiratory disorders, cancer, respiratory allergies and cough, sleep disordered breathing and many others. Exciting new results and up-to-date critical overviews of widely debated topics pertaining to respiratory disorders are presented. The contributions provide evidence for the growing interest of the international community of researchers in the field of respiration. The book incorporates modern molecular approaches to diagnostic and treatment solutions, underscoring the need for rational, evidence-based treatment methods. Combining cutting edge basic and clinical research with expert knowledge and experience this book is essential reading for medical students, research scientists and practicing specialists in pulmonology, immunology and allergology.




Biology and Regulation of Blood‐Tissue Barriers


Book Description

This book was written by many outstanding investigators who have spent decades to study different aspects of blood‐tissue barrier function. They have summarized some of the latest and fascinating development in their fields of research including the blood‐brain barrier, the blood‐retinal barrier, the gut barrier, the blood‐biliary barrier, the blood‐follicle barrier, the blood‐epididymis barrier, the blood‐testis barrier, the tight junction barrier in general as well as barriers in the female reproductive tract. Included are also chapters that focus on topics that are physiologically applicable to all blood‐tissue barriers. Many of these chapters also include information on specific human diseases, such as pathological changes of the gut barrier that cause bowel disorders resulting from inflammation of the epithelial lining in the intestine, and infertility in men as a result of disruption of the blood‐epididymal and/or blood‐testis barriers; and on new therapeutic approaches (e.g., drug delivery across the blood‐brain and the blood‐retinal barriers).




Advances in Respiratory Cancerogenesis


Book Description

Lung cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, with a low survival rate. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of entwined steps, involving both innate cellular and environmental factors. This book shares the updated knowledge on the origin and development of cancer through genotypic changes which upset the physiological balance between cell proliferation, differentiation, growth control, and apoptosis. The emphasis is put on the role of microRNA proteins involved in the cellular processes above outlined. Cognitive changes, related to dysregulated cellular mechanisms in cancer cells, as yet unchartered area of research, also are tackled. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular biology of lung cancer is the key source of breakthroughs in the diagnosis and prognosis, and finding more effective therapies that target specific mutations. The book provides a source of current facts and trends in clinical research and practice. It will be of interest to clinicians, researchers, and other medical professionals.




Respiratory Regulation - Clinical Advances


Book Description

This book, written for pulmonary and family doctors, general practitioners, allergologists, and neuropsychologists, presents cutting-edge clinical research and therapy-oriented knowledge in the field of respiratory medicine. Clinical knowledge is undergoing dramatic improvement. Respiration is one such prominent field. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of respiratory ailments and the regulation of lung ventilation is essential for advances in pharmacotherapy and the patient’s quality of life. The book discusses a wide scope of topics, notably, innovations in detection and management of chronic inflammatory conditions such as COPD or asthma, acute infections of the respiratory tract, airway allergies and hyper-responsiveness, lung cancer, interstitial lung diseases, pulmonary function in health, disease and aging, sleep disordered breathing, interaction between the respiratory system and other bodily functions, and psychosomatic aspects of disease. After all, respiration is generated and integrated by the brain; therefore brain function is influential in respiratory regulation. The book is a platform that fosters the exchange of new clinical data between clinicians and academic neuroscientists, bringing a unique blend of medical diagnosis and practice to the leadership in respiratory medicine.