Restructuring Japanese Business for Growth


Book Description

Restructuring Japanese Business for Growth consists of eighteen previously unpublished invited chapters by experts on Japanese business. It will attract both commercial and academic interest. Japanese business can be expected to continue to be of great importance in global and Asian economics, especially as the Japanese economy is the dominant economy in Asia, being larger than all other Asian economies combined. Policymakers and business people interested in understanding Japanese financial markets will find this book useful. In addition, this book should be a valuable resource for undergraduate, graduate, and executive development courses in international business, global finance, and Japanese business.







Crisis and Change in the Japanese Financial System


Book Description

At the start of the twenty-first century, the Japanese financial system is undergoing a major transformation. This process is spurred by a sense of crisis. Dominated by large institutions, the Japanese banking system has suffered from serious problems with non-performing loans since the early 1990s, when the Japanese stock market and urban real estate market both crashed. Delays in responding to these twin asset bubbles, by both regulatory authorities and the banks themselves, made matters worse and led to a banking crisis in late 1997 and early 1998. Not anticipating this setback, in late 1996 the Japanese government inaugurated its Big Bang of comprehensive financial deregulation designed to complete the process of creating `free, fair, and open financial markets'. Beginning in late 1998 and early 1999 the government finally embarked on a major rehabilitation of the Japanese banking system, including making available some Yen 60 trillion (approximately USD 500 billion) of government funds to recapitalize fifteen major banks, adequately fund the deposit insurance program, and write off the bad loans of nationalized or bankrupted banks. One result of this reform process is that the Ministry of Finance (MOF), which dominated Japanese financial system policy for most of the post-war period, has been stripped of most of its former regulatory powers. The purpose of this book is to describe, analyze, and evaluate the process that is transforming the Japanese financial system. The chapters address various issues relating to the transition of the Japanese financial system from a bank-centered and relationship-based system to a competitive market-based system. Questions taken up include: Why did Japanese banks get into such serious trouble? Why has the MOF lost its immense power? How will the Big Bang's financial deregulation further change the Japanese financial system, including the huge government financial institutions and postal savings system? What are some of the broader implications of this transition? The book is divided into three parts: Part I considers the origins of Japan's banking crisis; Part II focuses on five particularly important areas of major actual and potential changes; Part III addresses the effects of the Big Bang, including its potential systemic externalities. Taken together, this book offers an unusually up-to-date, comprehensive and thorough appraisal and evaluation of the profound changes occurring in Japan's financial system.










Financial Policy and Central Banking in Japan


Book Description

This book analyzes how the bank-dominated financial system—a key element of the oft-heralded "Japanese economic model"—broke down in the 1990s and spawned sweeping reforms. Japan's financial institutions and policy underwent remarkable change in the past decade. The country began the 1990s with a heavily regulated financial system managed by an unchallenged Ministry of Finance and ended the decade with a Big Bang financial market reform, a complete restructuring of its regulatory financial institutions, and an independent central bank. These reforms have taken place amid recession and rising unemployment, collapsing asset prices, a looming banking crisis, and the lowest interest rates in the industrial world. This book analyzes how the bank-dominated financial system—a key element of the oft-heralded "Japanese economic model"—broke down in the 1990s and spawned sweeping reforms. It documents the sources of the Japanese economic stagnation of the 1990s, the causes of the financial crisis, the slow and initially limited policy response to banking problems, and the reform program that followed. It also evaluates the new financial structure and reforms at the Bank of Japan in light of the challenges facing the Japanese economy. These challenges range from conducting monetary policy in a zero-interest rate environment characterized by a "liquidity trap" to managing consolidation in the Japanese banking sector against the backdrop of increasing international competition.




The Rising Yen


Book Description

Japan has become the world's second largest economy and the number one exporter of financial capital. Tokyo has taken its place as a first-tier financial centre alongside London and New York. This study analyses the far-reaching effects of these developments on both Japan and the world capital markets.




The Japanese Money Tree


Book Description

Front Flap For over a decade, investors shunned Japan, which had been stuck in an economic quagmire. But reforms have unleashed the world's second largest economy. Andrew H. Shipley's The Japanese Money Tree challenges the stale conventional wisdom regarding Japan's grim prospects, and highlights how foreign investors are making the most of exciting opportunities in Tokyo. He also reveals how readers themselves, whether institutional money managers or individual investors, can profit from Japan's economic rebirth. The Japanese Money Tree reflects Shipley's 15 years "on the ground" in Japan, sharing actual experiences of foreign investors operating there. Shipley uncovers immense intellectual property value hidden "off the books" in Japanese firms, and explores enormous private equity and hedge fund opportunities emerging in Japan. You'll find new insights into Japan's trading relationships with China, its demographic realities, its new real estate boom, and much more. Throughout, Shipley offers fresh research and innovative strategies-all brought together in today's most insightful and compellingly readable guide to investing in Japan. Japan: the world's best investment value Why smart global investors are rediscovering Japanese markets Incredible IP, on the cheap Unveiling the immense hidden strengths of Japanese firms The art of cultural arbitrage How foreign hedge funds are discovering breakthrough opportunities in Japan Birthrates and Bushido Uncovering the surprising opportunities in Japan's coming demographic shifts The birth of high-speed capitalism How structural reforms are leading to stronger, more profitable enterprises Back Flap ABOUT THE AUTHOR Andrew H. Shipley has worked as an economist at Lehman Brothers Japan, Credit Suisse First Boston Securities (Japan), Schroders Japan, and Westdeutsche Landesbank Girozentrale (West LB). He received a Japanese government scholarship when studying for his master's degree in at Waseda University in Tokyo. He lived in Japan for fifteen years. Shipley has appeared on CNBC, CNN, and Reuters Financial TV to discuss the outlook for the Japanese financial markets. His writing has also appeared on the Asian Wall Street Journal op-ed page, and in Institutional Investor, The Nikkei Weekly, and The Daily Yomiuri. Back Cover "Andrew Shipley has written an enlightening, insightful and extremely readable book on how the investment and new finance opportunities of post-bubble, post-deflation Japan are being pursued. This book is "must" reading for any student, practitioner, or professional money manager interested in contemporary Japan." -Allen Sinai, Chief Global Economist, Strategist & President, Decision Economics, Inc. "Japan's stock market is in the midst of a huge transition from cheap, cash-rich companies to growth stocks with unrecognized assets (patents etc). This book clearly sets out what's at stake." -Leslie Norton, Barron's "It's hard to find anything more insightful or a better update on what's been happening in Japan than The Japanese Money Tree. Shipley punctuates his insights with a lot of interesting, authoritative statements from key players. I highly recommend this book especially to the non-specialist reader who wonders 'what might I be missing about Japan?'" -Frank Jennings, portfolio manager of the Global Opportunities Fund at Oppenheimer Funds "Andrew Shipley provides a highly readable account of the new Japan that is finally emerging from a "lost decade" of stagnation, deflation, banking failure, and other problems. Rather than dwelling on faceless statistics, he brings us interviews and stories from the front lines of the economy, where companies and entrepreneurs-both Japanese and foreign-are busily engaged in activities that would have been difficult or impossible only a decade ago. While he provides notes of caution when due, this is a tale of exciting new business opportunities that Americans should learn about." -Edward J. Lincoln, Director, Center for Japan-U.S. Business and Economic Studies, Stern School of Business, New York University "Andrew Shipley has all the tools to assess where and how to make money in Japan's often opaque economy. Part analyst, part financial advisor, part historian, he unravels the complex relationships that have often confounded foreign investors yet hold promise for those willing to focus on Japan. His analysis is born out of experience as a leading economist in Japan, where he worked hard to make connections that others failed to see. The Japanese Money Tree is for anyone looking to tap Japan's ample resources." -Ken Belson, The New York Times (formerly in Japan) CONTENTS Introduction and Executive Summary xv Chapter 1 From ultimate capital destruction machine to the best value in the world "Japan"" returns to favor among global investors 1" Chapter 2 Intellectual property wars "Investors to increasingly focus on the hidden strengths of Japanese firms 25" Chapter 3 Cultural arbitrage "Foreign hedge funds pursue opportunities in Japan 57" Chapter 4 The future of Japanese management "Private equity firms lead Japanese restructuring efforts 85" Chapter 5 Barbarians at the Genkan "Japan""'s fledgling M & A market yet to internationalize 107" Chapter 6 The Manhattan of Asia "Tokyo"" experiences stunning urban renaissance 133" Chapter 7 Birthrates and Bushido "Market watchers see surprising opportunities in upcoming demographic shifts 163" Chapter 8 The Chinese paradox "Japanese firms face conundrum in crucial Chinese market 197" Chapter 9 High-speed capitalism "Structural reforms lead to stronger firms, more investment opportunities 219" Index "247" Japan is back. The dark days of the 1990s and early 2000s are history: Japan's corporate giants, bolstered by a massive economic restructuring, are suddenly outperforming all major markets. The world's smartest financiers are rediscovering Japan, and uncovering remarkable investment opportunities there. In The Japanese Money Tree, Andrew Shipley takes you inside the new Japanese economy, and presents innovative strategies for finding value in Japanese markets. Shipley reveals the true impact of the Koziumi policy reforms, illuminates Japan's surprising demographic realities, and outlines the implications of Japan's growing role as a regional leader. You'll discover how to cherry-pick Japanese investments with undervalued intangible assets, leverage emerging private equity and hedge funds, even get in on the new Japanese real estate boom. Whether you're a professional investor, money manager, or sophisticated individual investor, The Japanese Money Tree opens new investment opportunities you simply can't afford to miss.




Macro Effects of Corporate Restructuring in Japan


Book Description

This paper presents a framework for quantitatively evaluating the macroeconomic effects of corporate restructuring and applies it to Japan. Using firm-level financial statement data, it estimates total factor productivity (TFP) of individual Japanese firms. Given the estimated distribution of productivity across firms, the paper simulates the effect of optimal restructuring, that is, reallocation of resources from less-productive firms to more-productive ones, on the dynamic path of aggregate output. The results show that the benefits of restructuring could substantially exceed the costs.