Rheology and Fracture Mechanics of Foods


Book Description

The mechanical properties of food play an important role during manufacturing, storage, handling, and last but not least, during consumption. For an adequate understanding of the mechanical properties of liquid, liquid-like, soft solid, and solid foods, a basic understanding of relevant aspects of rheology and fracture mechanics is essential. Focus







Practical Food Rheology


Book Description

Rheology is fundamentally important in food manufacturing in two major senses. Understanding the way in which a substance moves and behaves is essential in order to be able to transport and mix it during processing. Secondly, the rheology of a product dictates much of the consumer experience, e.g. in relation to texture and mouthfeel. This book doesn’t overwhelm the reader with complex mathematical equations but takes a simple and practically-focused approach, interpreting the implications of rheological data for use in different food systems. Through this approach industry-based food developers / rheologists, students, and academics are given clear, concise interpretation of rheological data which directly relates to actual perceived functionality in the food. The functionality may relate to texture, structure and mouthfeel, and may result as a function of temperature, pH, flocculation, concentration effects, and mixing. The interpretative view is based on the principle that the food rheologist will produce a graph, for example of viscosity or gelation profiling, and then have to extract a practical meaning from it. For example, if viscosity falls with time as a function of pH, this knowledge can be used to tell the customer that the viscosity can be followed with just a pH meter and a stopwatch. Rheological measurements have shown that once the pH has dropped 1 unit after 10 minutes, the viscosity has been halved. This is the type of practical and valuable information for customers of the industrial food rheologist which the book will enable readers to access. Key features: A uniquely practical approach to the often difficult science of food rheology Includes chapters introducing the basics of food rheology before moving on to how data can be usefully and easily interpreted by the food scientist Can be used as a teaching aid on academic or industry-based courses




Rheology - Volume II


Book Description

Rheology is a component of Encyclopedia of Chemical Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty Encyclopedias. Rheology is the study of the flow of matter. It is classified as a physics discipline and focuses on substances that do not maintain a constant viscosity or state of flow. That can involve liquids, soft solids and solids that are under conditions that cause them to flow. It applies to substances which have a complex molecular structure, such as muds, sludges, suspensions, polymers and other glass formers, as well as many foods and additives, bodily fluids and other biological materials. The theme on Rheology focuses on five main areas, namely, basic concepts of rheology; rheometry; rheological materials, rheological processes and theoretical rheology. Of course, many of the chapters contain material from more than one general area. Rheology is an interdisciplinary subject which embraces many aspects of mathematics, physics, chemistry, engineering and biology. These two volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.




Food Rheology


Book Description

Rheology is the study of material flow and deformation, defining different aspects of food processing and product design. Food rheology affects several unit operations during food processing, the behavior during shelf life, the consumer perception during consumption and the interaction of food products with the human body (from chewing and swallowing to digestion). Therefore, it is imperative for professionals involved in food science and engineering to understand and assess food rheology. Food Rheology: A Practical Guide presents the main aspects of food rheology as a practical guide, demonstrating that applying food rheology does not need to be a complex task. Key Features Presents a practical, direct and didactic description of food rheology, with many examples and applications Includes a guide for designing, performing and interpreting experiments, highlighting the main concerns and tips Describes different food products (liquid, semi-solid and solid; homogeneous and heterogeneous; vegetable- and animal-based) with examples and applications Explores structure-processing-properties relations More direct, practical and consulting, this book can help students, professionals and professors to understand the basic concepts to design, perform and interpret experiments related to food processing and properties.




Modifying Food Texture


Book Description

Modifying Food Texture, Volume 2: Sensory Analysis, Consumer Requirements and Preferences explores texture as an important aspect of consumer food acceptance and preference, specifically addressing the food textural needs of infants, the elderly, and dysphagia patients. This volume covers the sensory analysis of texture-modified foods, taking an in-depth look at the product development needs of consumers and exploring the sensory analysis of food texture and the development of texture-modified foods. Explores texture as an important aspect of consumer food acceptance and preference Addresses the food textural needs of special groups, including infants, the elderly, and dysphagia patients Takes an in-depth look at the product development needs of consumers, exploring the sensory analysis of food texture




Food Physics


Book Description

This is the first textbook in this field of increasing importance for the food and cosmetics industries. It is indispensable for future students of food technology and food chemistry as well as for engineers, technologists and technicians in the food industries. It describes the principles of food physics starting with the very basics – and focuses on the needs of practitioners without omitting important basic principles. It will be indispensable for future students of food technology and food chemistry as well as for engineers, technologists and technicians in the food industries. Food Physics deals with the physical properties of food, food ingredients and their measurement.




Fennema's Food Chemistry


Book Description

This latest edition of the most internationally respected reference in food chemistry for more than 30 years, Fennema’s Food Chemistry, 5th Edition once again meets and surpasses the standards of quality and comprehensive information set by its predecessors. All chapters reflect recent scientific advances and, where appropriate, have expanded and evolved their focus to provide readers with the current state-of-the-science of chemistry for the food industry. This edition introduces new editors and contributors who are recognized experts in their fields. The fifth edition presents a completely rewritten chapter on Water and Ice, written in an easy-to-understand manner suitable for professionals as well as undergraduates. In addition, ten former chapters have been completely revised and updated, two of which receive extensive attention in the new edition including Carbohydrates (Chapter 3), which has been expanded to include a section on Maillard reaction; and Dispersed Systems: Basic considerations (Chapter 7), which includes thermodynamic incompatibility/phase separation concepts. Retaining the straightforward organization and accessibility of the original, this edition begins with an examination of major food components such as water, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and enzymes. The second section looks at minor food components including vitamins and minerals, colorants, flavors, and additives. The final section considers food systems by reviewing basic considerations as well as specific information on the characteristics of milk, the postmortem physiology of edible muscle, and postharvest physiology of plant tissues.




Handbook of Food Engineering


Book Description

As the complexity of the food supply system increases, the focus on processes used to convert raw food materials and ingredients into consumer food products becomes more important. The Handbook of Food Engineering, Third Edition, continues to provide students and food engineering professionals with the latest information needed to improve the efficiency of the food supply system. As with the previous editions, this book contains the latest information on the thermophysical properties of foods and kinetic constants needed to estimate changes in key components of foods during manufacturing and distribution. Illustrations are used to demonstrate the applications of the information to process design. Researchers should be able to use the information to pursue new directions in process development and design, and to identify future directions for research on the physical properties of foods and kinetics of changes in the food throughout the supply system. Features Covers basic concepts of transport and storage of liquids and solids, heating and cooling of foods, and food ingredients New chapter covers nanoscale science in food systems Includes chapters on mass transfer in foods and membrane processes for liquid concentration and other applications Discusses specific unit operations on freezing, concentration, dehydration, thermal processing, and extrusion The first four chapters of the Third Edition focus primarily on the properties of foods and food ingredients with a new chapter on nanoscale applications in foods. Each of the eleven chapters that follow has a focus on one of the more traditional unit operations used throughout the food supply system. Major revisions and/or updates have been incorporated into chapters on heating and cooling processes, membrane processes, extrusion processes, and cleaning operations.




Rheology of Foods


Book Description

The field of rheology of foods is extensive and a researcher in the field is called upon to interact with a diverse group of scientists and engineers. In arranging this symposium for the AIChE meeting in Chicago in November 1990 the papers were carefully selected to highlight this diversity. All but two of the chapters in this book are based on papers which were presented at this symposium, the additional paper was presented at the Conference on Food Engineering, Chicago, March 1991, and the book opens with an introductory overview. All the papers are peer–reviewed research contributions. The chapters cover a range of applications of food rheology to such areas as food texture, stability, and processing. This volume will be a reference source for workers within this wide and varied field.