Secondary Steelmaking


Book Description

The steelmaking industry and its customers have benefited enormously from the many significant technological advances of the last thirty years. As their customers become ever more quality conscious, however, steelmakers must continue their efforts to minimize harmful impurities, minimize as well as modify harmful nonmetallic inclusions and achieve




Secondary Steelmaking


Book Description




Physical Chemistry of Metallurgical Processes


Book Description

This book covers various metallurgical topics, viz. roasting of sulfide minerals, matte smelting, slag, reduction of oxides and reduction smelting, interfacial phenomena, steelmaking, secondary steelmaking, role of halides in extraction of metals, refining, hydrometallurgy and electrometallurgy. Each chapter is illustrated with appropriate examples of applications of the technique in extraction of some common, reactive, rare or refractory metal together with worked out problems explaining the principle of the operation.




Steelmaking Overview


Book Description

Steel is one of the most important industrial and construction commodities. Nowadays in 2017, its worldwide production is more than 1.6 billion tons per year. Growing demands for its production result from its properties: - large flexibility of properties - recyclability




Fundamental Design of Steelmaking Refractories


Book Description

Fundamental Design of Steelmaking Refractories Comprehensive up-to-date resource organizing fundamental aspects for the design and performance of steelmaking refractories Fundamental Design of Steelmaking Refractories provides a fundamental understanding in the design of steelmaking refractories, in detail and all in one source, enabling readers to understand various issues including how heat and mass transfer occurs throughout the refractory, how matrix impurity or their contact affects the phases, and how invisible defects form during refractory manufacturing that eventually facilitates to analyze wear, corrosion, and performance of different refractory linings for primary and secondary steelmaking vessels, tundish, and continuous casting refractories. Other specific sample topics covered in Fundamental Design of Steelmaking Refractories include: Phase formations and correlation with impurity effects and refractory processing shortcomings Stress, wear, and corrosion to design refractories and performance statistics of steelmaking refractories Equilibrium and non-equilibrium phases, packing, stress and defects in compaction, and degree of ceramic bonding Thermal and mechanical behavior, flow control mechanisms, continuous casting refractories, and premature refractory damage Precast and purging system, consistent supply and time management, and preventive maintenance in operation With its complete coverage of the subject, Fundamental Design of Steelmaking Refractories fulfills the academic demand of undergraduate, postgraduate, and research scholars of ceramic engineering; metallurgical engineers and mechanical engineering outlets that want to nurture in the refractory and steel sectors will also find value in the text.




IRON MAKING AND STEELMAKING


Book Description

This authoritative account covers the entire spectrum from iron ore to finished steel. It begins by tracing the history of iron and steel production, right from the earlier days to today’s world of oxygen steelmaking, electric steelmaking, secondary steelmaking and continuous casting. The physicochemical fundamental concepts of chemical equilibrium, activity-composition relationships, and structure-properties of molten metals are introduced before going into details of transport phenomena, i.e. kinetics, mixing and mass transfer in ironmaking and steelmaking pro-cesses. Particular emphasis is laid on the understanding of the fundamental principles of the processes and their application to the optimisation of actual processes. Modern developments in blast furnaces, including modelling and process control are discussed along with an introduction to the alternative methods of ironmaking. In the area of steelmaking, BOF plant practice including pre-treatment of hot metal, metallurgical features of oxygen steelmaking processes, and their control form part of the book. It also covers basic open hearth, electric arc furnace and stainless steelmaking, before discussing the area of casting of liquid steel—ingot casting, continuous casting and near net shape casting. The book concludes with a chapter on the status of the ironmaking and steelmaking in India. In line with the application of theoretical principles, several worked-out examples dealing with fundamental principles as applied to actual plant situations are presented. The book is primarily intended for undergraduate and postgraduate students of metallurgical engineering. It would also be immensely useful to researchers in the area of iron and steel.




Physical Chemistry of Metallurgical Processes


Book Description

This book covers various metallurgical topics, viz. roasting of sulfide minerals, matte smelting, slag, reduction of oxides and reduction smelting, interfacial phenomena, steelmaking, secondary steelmaking, role of halides in extraction of metals, refining, hydrometallurgy and electrometallurgy. Each chapter is illustrated with appropriate examples of applications of the technique in extraction of some common, reactive, rare or refractory metal together with worked out problems explaining the principle of the operation.




Steel-Rolling Technology


Book Description

"This state-of-the-art volume examines steel-rolling technology in a systematic and comprehensive manner--providing an excellent synthesis of current information from three different branches of science--physics, metallurgy, and engineering. "




Control and Analysis in Iron and Steelmaking


Book Description

Control and Analysis in Iron and Steelmaking discusses the associated instrumentations and processes involved in iron and steel manufacture, with an emphasis on the process technologies of its various stages. The book covers topics such as an introduction to steelmaking and its developments; the blast furnace – its control, operation, and instrumentation; and the process of direct reduction. The book also discusses other topics such as secondary steelmaking; methods and techniques in the analysis of steel; and mechanical and nondestructive testing of the properties of steel. The text is recommended for metallurgists and engineers who would like to know more about the processes in iron and steel manufacture, the principles behind them, and the progress of the field over the years.




Metallurgy and Technology of Steel Castings


Book Description

Metallurgy and Technology of Steel Castings is a comprehensive textbook for students and professional engineers in the field of foundry engineering and materials science. The topics covered in this book explain the association between the quality of liquid metal and the properties of the finished cast. Readers will learn about the thermodynamic conditions for addition and recovery of chemical elements (such as Cr, Ni and Mo) in steel, degasifying processes, the influence of alloying additives for manufacturing steel castings that operate in extreme temperatures, anti-corrosive steels and basic cast conditions for making the castings (pouring and heat treatment systems). Metallurgy and Technology of Steel Castings gives readers essential information about steel and steel cast manufacturing processes and equips them with the knowledge to overcome the challenges faced in the foundry environment.