Triboelectric Nanogenerators


Book Description

This book introduces an innovative and high-efficiency technology for mechanical energy harvesting. The book covers the history and development of triboelectric nanogenerators, basic structures, working principles, performance characterization, and potential applications. It is divided into three parts: Part A illustrates the fundamental working modes of triboelectric nanogenerators with their prototype structures and theoretical analysis; Part B and Part C introduce two categories of applications, namely self-powered systems and self-powered active sensors. The book will be an ideal guide to scientists and engineers beginning to study triboelectric nanogenerators or wishing to deepen their knowledge of the field. Readers will be able to place the technical details about this technology in context, and acquire the necessary skills to reproduce the experimental setups for fabrication and measurement.




Self-powered Sensors


Book Description

Self-powered Sensors: A Path to Wearable Electronics features recent developments in chemical, photonic, pharmaceutical, microbiological, biomimetic, and bio-inspired approaches for MEMS/NEMS and medicinal self-powered sensors. Unconventional nanomaterial sensors driven by self-sufficient energy are given a contemporary review, with a focus on the categorization of energy sources and comparisons of research involving self-powered solar, piezoresistive, triboelectric, and thermodynamic technologies. This book also focuses on the different techniques, materials, comparisons of fabrication of self-powered sensors as well as thermoelectric self-powered sensors and its implantable applications. - Presents state-of-the-art technologies and advancements in the design and application of self-powered sensors - Examines the advantages and disadvantages of self-powered nanomaterial sensors in terms of energy collecting techniques and sensing applications - Reviews the incorporation of self-operating devices and novel uses for neuromorphic sensors




Nanobatteries and Nanogenerators


Book Description

The term 'nanobattery' can refer not only to the nanosized battery, but also to the uses of nanotechnology in a macro-sized battery for enhancing its performance and lifetime. Nanobatteries can offer many advantages over the traditional battery, including higher power density, shorter charging time, and longer shelf life. Nano-generators refer to the uses of nanosized devices and materials to convert mechanical, thermal and light-based energies into electricity. Similar to with traditional battery, in nanobatteries, the chemical energy is converted into electricity. This book addresses the fundamental design concepts and promising applications of nanobatteries and nanogenerators. Particular application areas include healthcare, biomedical, smart nanodevices and nanosensors, which may require new electric power sources, including self-powered ability and nanostructured electric power sources. In this regard, nanobatteries and nanogenerators represent the next generation of electric power. This is an important reference source for materials scientists, engineers and energy scientists, who are looking to increase their understanding of how nanotechnology is being used to create new energy storage and generation solutions. - Outlines the major design and fabrication principles and techniques for creating nano-sized batteries and generators - Demonstrates how nanotechnology is being used to make batteries and generators more powerful and longer lasting - Assesses the challenges of mass manufacturing nanobatteries and nanogenerators




Self-powered wearable IoT sensors as human-machine interfaces


Book Description

Self-powered wearable Internet of Things (IoT) sensors have made a significant impact on human life and health in recent years. These sensors are known for their convenience, durability, affordability, and longevity, leading to substantial improvements in people’s lives. This review summarizes the development of self-powered wearable IoT sensors in recent years. Materials for self-powered wearable sensors are summarized and evaluated, including nanomaterials, flexible materials, and degradable materials. The working mode of self-powered wearable IoT sensors is analyzed, and the different principles of its physical sensing and chemical sensing are explained. Several common technologies for self-powered wearable IoT sensors are presented, such as triboelectric technology, piezoelectric technology, and machine learning. The applications of self-powered IoT wearable sensors in human-machine interfaces are reviewed. Its current shortcomings and prospects for its future development are also discussed. To conduct this review, a comprehensive literature search was performed using several electronic databases, resulting in the inclusion of 225 articles. The gathered data was extracted, synthesized, and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. This review provides a comprehensive analysis and summary of its working mode, technologies, and applications and provides references and inspiration for related research in this field. Furthermore, this review also identifies the key directions and challenges for future research.




Triboelectric Devices for Power Generation and Self-Powered Sensing Applications


Book Description

This thesis describes the working design principles of triboelectric mechanism-based devices. It presents an extensive study undertaken to explain the effect of surface topographies on the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators. It demonstrates the application of triboelectric mechanisms in the area of physical sensing such as force sensing and pressure sensing. It also discusses the major fabrication methods/techniques that can be used to realize these devices. It is a valuable reference resource for graduate students, researchers and scientists interested in exploring the potential of triboelectric mechanisms for energy harvesting and other applications.




Self-Powered and Soft Polymer MEMS/NEMS Devices


Book Description

This book explores the fabrication of soft material and biomimetic MEMS sensors, presents a review of MEMS/NEMS energy harvesters and self-powered sensors, and focuses on the recent efforts in developing flexible and wearable piezoelectric nanogenerators. It also includes a critical analysis of various energy harvesting principles, such as electromagnetic, piezoelectric, electrostatic, triboelectric, and magnetostrictive. This multidisciplinary book is appropriate for students and professionals in the fields of material science, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and bioengineering.




Functional Tactile Sensors


Book Description

Functional Tactile Sensors: Materials, Devices and Integrations focuses on the subject of novel materials design and device integration of tactile sensors for functional applications. The book addresses the design, materials characteristics, device operation principles, specialized device application and mechanisms of the latest reported tactile sensors. The emphasis of the book lies in the materials science aspects of tactile sensors-understanding the relationship between material properties and device performance. It will be an ideal resource for researchers working in materials science, engineering and physics. Includes the latest advances and recent developments in tactile sensors for artificial intelligence applications Reviews the relationship between materials properties and device performance Addresses materials and device design strategies for targeted sensing applications




IoT Architectures, Models, and Platforms for Smart City Applications


Book Description

Developing countries are persistently looking for efficient and cost-effective methods for transforming their communities into smart cities. Unfortunately, energy crises have increased in these regions due to a lack of awareness and proper utilization of technological methods. These communities must explore and implement innovative solutions in order to enhance citizen enrollment, quality of government, and city intelligence. IoT Architectures, Models, and Platforms for Smart City Applications provides emerging research exploring the theoretical and practical aspects of transforming cities into intelligent systems using IoT-based design models and sustainable development projects. This publication looks at how cities can be built as smart cities within limited resources and existing advanced technologies. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as cloud computing, human machine interface, and ad hoc networks, this book is ideally designed for urban planners, engineers, IT specialists, computer engineering students, research scientists, academicians, technology developers, policymakers, researchers, and designers seeking current research on smart applications within urban development.




Nanosensors for Smart Manufacturing


Book Description

Nanosensors for Smart Manufacturing provides information on the fundamental design concepts and emerging applications of nanosensors in smart manufacturing processes. In smart production, if the products and machines are integrated, embedded, or equipped with sensors, the system can immediately collect the current operating parameters, predict the product quality, and then feed back the optimal parameters to machines in the production line. In this regard, smart sensors and their wireless networks are important components of smart manufacturing. Nanomaterials-based sensors (nanosensors) offer several advantages over their microscale counterparts, including lower power consumption, fast response time, high sensitivity, lower concentration of analytes, and smaller interaction distance between sensors and products. With the support of artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms, neural networks, and ambient intelligence, sensor systems have become smarter. This is an important reference source for materials scientists and engineers who want to learn more about how nanoscale sensors can enhance smart manufacturing techniques and processes. - Outlines the smart nanosensor classes used in manufacturing applications - Shows how nanosensors are being used to make more efficient manufacturing systems - Assesses the major obstacles to designing nanosensor-based manufacturing systems at an industrial scale




Self-Powered Cyber Physical Systems


Book Description

SELF-POWERED CYBER PHYSICAL SYSTEMS This cutting-edge new volume provides a comprehensive exploration of emerging technologies and trends in energy management, self-powered devices, and cyber-physical systems, offering valuable insights into the future of autonomous systems and addressing the urgent need for energy-efficient solutions in a world that is increasingly data-driven and sensor-rich. This book is an attempt to aim at a very futuristic vision of achieving self-powered cyber-physical systems by applying a multitude of current technologies such as ULP electronics, thin film electronics, ULP transducers, autonomous wireless sensor networks using energy harvesters at the component level and energy efficient clean energy for powering data centers and machines at the system level. This is the need of the hour for cyber-physical systems since data requires energy when it is stored, transmitted, or converted to other forms. Cyber-physical systems will become energy hungry since the industry trend is towards ubiquitous computing with massive deployment of sensors and actuators. This is evident in using blockchain technologies such as Bitcoin or running epochs for artificial intelligence (AI) applications. Hence, there is a need for research to understand energy patterns and distribution in cyber-physical systems and adopt new technologies to transcend to self-powered cyber-physical systems. This book explores the recent trends in energy management, self-powered devices, and methods in the cyber-physical world. Written and edited by a team of experts in the field, this book tackles a multitude of subjects related to cyber physical systems (CPSs), including self-powered sensory transducers, ambient energy harvesting for wireless sensor networks, actuator methods and non-contact sensing equipment for soft robots, alternative optimization strategies for DGDCs to improve task distribution and provider profits, wireless power transfer methods, machine learning algorithms for CPS and IoT applications, integration of renewables, electric vehicles (EVs), smart grids, RES micro-grid and EV systems for effective load matching, self-powered car cyber-physical systems, anonymous routing and intrusion detection systems for VANET security, data-driven pavement distress prediction methods, the impact of autonomous vehicles on industries and the auto insurance market, Intelligent transportation systems and associated security concerns, digital twin prototypes and their automotive applications, farming robotics for CPS farming, self-powered CPS in smart cities, self-powered CPS in healthcare and biomedical devices, cyber-security considerations, societal impact and ethical concerns, and advances in human-machine interfaces and explore the integration of self-powered CPS in industrial automation. Whether for the veteran engineer or student, this volume is a must-have for any library.