Annual Review of Information Science and Technology


Book Description

ARIST, published annually since 1966, is a landmark publication within the information science community. It surveys the landscape of information science and technology, providing an analytical, authoritative, and accessible overview of recent trends and significant developments. The range of topics varies considerably, reflecting the dynamism of the discipline and the diversity of theoretical and applied perspectives. While ARIST continues to cover key topics associated with "classical" information science (e.g., bibliometrics, information retrieval), editor Blaise Cronin is selectively expanding its footprint in an effort to connect information science more tightly with cognate academic and professional communities. Contents of Volume 40 (2006): SECTION I: Information and Society Chapter 1: The Micro- and Macroeconomics of Information, Sandra Braman Chapter 2: The Geographies of the Internet, Matthew Zook Chapter 3: Open Access, M. Carl Drott SECTION II: Technologies and Systems Chapter 4: TREC: An Overview, Donna K. Harman and Ellen M. Voorhees Chapter 5: Semantic Relations in Information Science, Christopher S. G. Khoo and Jin-Cheon Na Chapter 6: Intelligence and Security Informatics, Hsinchun Chen and Jennifer Xu SECTION III: Information Needs and Use Chapter 7: Information Behavior, Donald O. Case Chapter 8: Collaborative Information Seeking and Retrieval, Jonathan Foster Chapter 9: Information Failures in Health Care, Anu MacIntosh-Murray and Chun Wei Choo Chapter 10: Workplace Studies and Technological Change, Angela Cora Garcia, Mark E. Dawes, Mary Lou Kohne, Felicia Miller, and Stephan F. Groschwitz SECTION IV: Theoretical Perspectives Chapter 11: Information History, Alistair Black Chapter 12: Social Epistemology and Information Science, Don Fallis Chapter 13: Formal Concept Analysis in Information Science, Uta Priss.




Information Retrieval Techniques for Speech Applications


Book Description

This volume is based on a workshop held on September 13, 2001 in New Orleans, LA, USA as part of the24thAnnualInternationalACMSIGIRConferenceon ResearchandDevelopmentinInformationRetrieval.Thetitleoftheworkshop was: “Information Retrieval Techniques for Speech Applications.” Interestinspeechapplicationsdatesbackanumberofdecades.However, it is only in the last few years that automatic speech recognition has left the con?nes of the basic research lab and become a viable commercial application. Speech recognition technology has now matured to the point where speech can be used to interact with automated phone systems, control computer programs, andevencreatememosanddocuments.Movingbeyondcomputercontroland dictation, speech recognition has the potential to dramatically change the way we create,capture,andstoreknowledge.Advancesinspeechrecognitiontechnology combined with ever decreasing storage costs and processors that double in power every eighteen months have set the stage for a whole new era of applications that treat speech in the same way that we currently treat text. The goal of this workshop was to explore the technical issues involved in a- lying information retrieval and text analysis technologies in the new application domainsenabledbyautomaticspeechrecognition.Thesepossibilitiesbringwith themanumberofissues,questions,andproblems.Speech-baseduserinterfaces create di?erent expectations for the end user, which in turn places di?erent - mands on the back-end systems that must interact with the user and interpret theuser’scommands.Speechrecognitionwillneverbeperfect,soanalyses- plied to the resulting transcripts must be robust in the face of recognition errors. The ability to capture speech and apply speech recognition on smaller, more - werful, pervasive devices suggests that text analysis and mining technologies can be applied in new domains never before considered.




Test Collection Based Evaluation of Information Retrieval Systems


Book Description

Use of test collections and evaluation measures to assess the effectiveness of information retrieval systems has its origins in work dating back to the early 1950s. Across the nearly 60 years since that work started, use of test collections is a de facto standard of evaluation. This monograph surveys the research conducted and explains the methods and measures devised for evaluation of retrieval systems, including a detailed look at the use of statistical significance testing in retrieval experimentation. This monograph reviews more recent examinations of the validity of the test collection approach and evaluation measures as well as outlining trends in current research exploiting query logs and live labs. At its core, the modern-day test collection is little different from the structures that the pioneering researchers in the 1950s and 1960s conceived of. This tutorial and review shows that despite its age, this long-standing evaluation method is still a highly valued tool for retrieval research.




Cross-Language Information Retrieval and Evaluation


Book Description

The first evaluation campaign of the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF) for European languages was held from January to September 2000. The campaign cul- nated in a two-day workshop in Lisbon, Portugal, 21 22 September, immediately following the fourth European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL 2000). The first day of the workshop was open to anyone interested in the area of Cross-Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) and addressed the topic of CLIR system evaluation. The goal was to identify the actual contribution of evaluation to system development and to determine what could be done in the future to stimulate progress. The second day was restricted to participants in the CLEF 2000 evaluation campaign and to their - periments. This volume constitutes the proceedings of the workshop and provides a record of the campaign. CLEF is currently an activity of the DELOS Network of Excellence for Digital - braries, funded by the EC Information Society Technologies to further research in digital library technologies. The activity is organized in collaboration with the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The support of DELOS and NIST in the running of the evaluation campaign is gratefully acknowledged. I should also like to thank the other members of the Workshop Steering Committee for their assistance in the organization of this event.




Evaluation of Multilingual and Multi-modal Information Retrieval


Book Description

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed postproceedings of the 7th Workshop of the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum, CLEF 2006, held in Alicante, Spain, September 2006. The revised papers presented together with an introduction were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. The papers are organized in topical sections on Multilingual Textual Document Retrieval, Domain-Specifig Information Retrieval, i-CLEF, QA@CLEF, ImageCLEF, CLSR, WebCLEF and GeoCLEF.




Multi-lingual Information Access in South Asian Languages


Book Description

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the Second and Third Workshops of the Forum for Information Retrieval Evaluation, FIRE 2010 and 2011, on Multi-lingual Information Access in South Asian Languages held in Gandhinagar, India, in February 2010 and in Bombay, India, in December 2011. The volume brings together revised and expanded versions of a total of 29 papers. The papers are organized in topical sections on various aspects of multi-lingual information access.




Advances in Open Domain Question Answering


Book Description

This new Springer volume provides a comprehensive and detailed look at current approaches to automated question answering. The level of presentation is suitable for newcomers to the field as well as for professionals wishing to study this area and/or to build practical QA systems. The book can serve as a "how-to" handbook for IT practitioners and system developers. It can also be used to teach graduate courses in Computer Science, Information Science and related disciplines.




Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries


Book Description

Digital Libraries are complex and advanced forms of information systems which extend and augment their physical counterparts by amplifying existing resources and services and enabling development of new kinds of human problem solving and expression. Their complexity arises from the data-rich domain of discourse as well as from extended demands for multi-disciplinary input, involving distributed systems architectures, structured digital documents, collaboration support, human-computer interaction, information filtering, etc. In addition to the broad range of technical issues, ethics and intellectual property rights add to the complication that is normally associated with the development, maintenance, and use of Digital Libraries. The Second European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL’98) builds upon the success of the first of this series of European Conferences on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries, held last year in Pisa, Italy, September 1-3, 1997. This series of conferences is partially funded by the TMR Programme of the European Commission and is actively supported and promoted by the European Research Consortium on Informatics and Mathematics (ERCIM). The aim is to bring together the different communities involved in the development of Digital Libraries, to review progress and to discuss strategies, research and technological development (RTD) issues, as well as specific topics related to the European context. These communities include professionals from universities, research centres, industry, government agencies, public libraries, etc.




Computer and Information Sciences - ISCIS 2004


Book Description

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Computer and Information Sciences, ISCIS 2004, held in Kemer-Antalya, Turkey in October 2004. The 99 revised full papers presented together with an invited paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 335 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on artificial intelligence and machine learning, computer graphics and user interfaces, computer networks and security, computer vision and image processing, database systems, modeling and performance evaluation, natural language processing, parallel and distributed computing, real-time control applications, software engineering and programming, and theory of computing.