Staff Study on Business Enterprises Outside of the Department of Defense


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The Small Business Innovation Research Program


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In 1992, Congress for the first time explicitly directed the federal agencies making SBIR grants to use commercial potential as a criterion for granting SBIR awards. In response, the Department of Defense developed the SBIR Fast Track initiative, which provides expedited decision-making for SBIR awards to companies that have commitments from outside vendors. To verify the effectiveness of this initiative, the DoD asked the STEP Board to assess the operation of Fast Track. This volume of original field research includes case studies comparing Fast Track and non-Fast Track firms, a large survey of SBIR awardees, and statistical analyses of the impact of regular SBIR and Fast Track awards. Collectively, the commissioned papers and the findings and recommendations represent a significant contribution to our understanding of the SBIR program.







DOD Acquisition Workforce Education


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A Department of Defense (DoD) M & S education task force is in the process of studying the Modeling and Simulation (M & S) education of the acquisition workforce. Historically, DoD acquisition workforce education is not referred to as education, but rather what the Defense Acquisition University (DAU) refers to as "practitioner training, career management, and services." The DAU is the organization primarily responsible for training the DoD acquisition corps in conjunction with service schools and strategic partners in the civilian sector. DAU programs primarily focus on program management, contracting, and management of logistics across the system life cycle. Further, the examples and cases used in the training are primarily DoD centric. Only select DoD employees are exposed to Harvard Business School (HBS) perspectives. The use of M & S to improve system acquisition is only delivered in three courses. Further, Simulation-Based Acquisition (SBA) as a strategy in development of various systems is not explicitly taught. The general notion for this research is that exposure of actual or potential defense acquisition students to the rich civilian literature on M & S across the enterprise life cycle and SBA in particular may be beneficial to DoD. To further this general notion, this research investigates content in courses whose curriculum, while still more than 50% DoD, contains HBS SBA and other M & S related case studies. While abbreviated for the purpose of this abstract, the overall hypothesis of this dissertation is that M & S and HBS case studies make a positive contribution to DoD or potential DoD employees. To investigate this hypothesis, this research conducted both internal and external evaluations to determine the level to which the course makes a positive contribution to the student ability to "Understand the concepts of SBA across the entire program life cycle, in order to reduce the time, resources, and risks associated with the acquisition process". This was identified by the task force as a key element in the Education Skills Requirement (ESR) that this curriculum intends to address. The internal evaluation used inferential statistics to consider the validity of the course topics, content, evaluation methods, and case study delivery method through student evaluations of a live class. Among other variables, this research tracks class participants' responses (self-assessment) and performance (subject matter expert objective assessment) demographically to include current and potential DoD employees. With the graying of DoD workforce, potential DoD employees are important to the DoD community too. The external evaluation likewise considers the validity of the course topics and content through a survey of acquisition professionals external to the class. External acquisition professionals are drawn from across DoD as well as include former DoD acquisition employees. The combination of the internal and external evaluations provides insight into these and other issues related to the course topics, content, evaluation methods, and case study delivery methods and make recommendations on these and other issues for future course offerings.




Senior Non-Commissioned Officers


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Senior Non-Commissioned Officers (SNCOs) are developed to support combatant commanders. They are systematically trained and given much guidance, but not with regard to higher civilian education and business acumen. The contrast between military and civilian organizations is sharp. The military's hierarchical structure intends to foster and build talent from within. Similar to the military, some businesses hire, train, develop, and advance employees from entry level to senior leadership positions. However, businesses also have the ability to recruit external talent. An analysis of developmental practices within three civilian organizations is performed using both organizational citizenship behavior and the traits of hierarchy contrasted with the internal unit structure of SNCO development. This thesis investigates the application of civilian business practices to those of the United States Military SNCO corps. The final recommendations provide both talent management insight and potential opportunities to enhance SNCO developmental practices.This compilation includes a reproduction of the 2019 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community.The U.S. Military provides both tangible and intangible outcomes for the American Public. The deployment of troops to eliminate an enemy force is concrete in nature and observable, while freedom and its defense are provided by military forces but are intangible. In a similar manner, civilian businesses provide goods or services that are either consumed in finite periods of time (ex: food, transportation) or drawn upon over a period of time (ex: legal advice, lawn services). Just as military units can be of varying sizes and exist for different purposes, so to can civilian businesses. The civilian businesses chosen for primary analysis are Chick-Fil-A, Southwest Airlines, and The Lampo Group. The selection of business cases is based upon companies of a large, medium, and small presence that have national level influence within their given product or service. Similar to the military, as civilian companies they are successful within their specific industries and held in high regard with employees and customers alike. Their organizations exhibit outcomes similar to a hierarchical military force of higher employee tenure, internally grown (bottom-up) employees, and low employee turnover rates that counters industry trends in the modern economic environment. As the need for competitive advantage lends most government and civilian organizations to maintain secrecy in business practices, these three organizations were chosen through the criterion for analysis based on readily accessible and publicly stated employee practices. Each of the selected companies openly provides numerous cases of employee development.




Budget and accounting.- Business enterprises.- Business organization of the Dept. of Defense.- Depot utilization.- Federal medical services.- Progress report.- Final report.- Food and clothing in the government.- Intelligence activities. [2]. Lending, guaranteeing, and insurance activities.- Overseas economic operations.- Paperwork management.- Personnel and Civil service.- Real property management.- Research and development in the government.- Use and disposal of federal surplus property.- Transportation.- Index. [3]. Budget and accounting.- Staff study on business enterprises.- Subcommittee report on business enterprises of the Dept. of Defense.- Subcommittee report on special personnel problems in the Dept. of Defense.- Military procurement.- Subcommittee report on depot utilization.- Federal medical services.- Food and clothing in the government.- Lending agencies. [4]. Overseas economic operations.- Paperwork management.- Personnel and civil


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Best Practices in Assessment of Research and Development Organizations


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Research and development (R&D) organizations are operated by government, business, academe, and independent institutes. The success of their parent organizations is closely tied to the success of these R&D organizations. In this report, organizations refers to an organization that performs research and/or development activities (often a laboratory), and parent refers to the superordinate organization of which the R&D organization is a part. When the organization under discussion is formally labeled a laboratory, it is referred to as such. The question arises: How does one know whether an organization and its programs are achieving excellence in the best interests of its parent? Does the organization have an appropriate research staff, facilities, and equipment? Is it doing the right things at high levels of quality, relevance, and timeliness? Does it lead to successful new concepts, products, or processes that support the interests of its parent? This report offers assessment guidelines for senior management of organizations and of their parents. The report lists the major principles of assessment, noting that details will vary from one organization to another. It provides sufficient information to inform the design of assessments, but it does not prescribe precisely how to perform them, because different techniques are needed for different types of organizations. Best Practices in Assessment of Research and Development Organizations covers three key factors that underpin the success of an R&D organization: (1) the mission of the organization and its alignment with that of the parents; (2) the relevance and impact of the organization's work; and (3) the resources provided to the organization, beginning with a high-quality staff and management.




Subcommittee Report[s] Staff Study


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