Stating the Obvious, and Other Database Writings


Book Description

Some things seem so obvious that they don’t need to be spelled out in detail. Or do they? In computing, at least (and probably in any discipline where accuracy and precision are important), it can be quite dangerous just to assume that some given concept is “obvious,” and indeed universally understood. Serious mistakes can happen that way! The first part of this book discusses features of the database field—equality, assignment, naming—where just such an assumption seems to have been made, and it describes some of the unfortunate mistakes that have occurred as a consequence. It also explains how and why the features in question aren’t quite as obvious as they might seem, and it offers some advice on how to work around the problems caused by assumptions to the contrary. Other parts of the book also deal with database issues where devoting some preliminary effort to spelling out exactly what the issues in question entailed could have led to much better interfaces and much more carefully designed languages. The issues discussed include redundancy and indeterminacy; persistence, encapsulation, and decapsulation; the ACID properties of transactions; and types vs. units of measure. Finally, the book also contains a detailed deconstruction of, and response to, various recent pronouncements from the database literature, all of them having to do with relational technology. Once again, the opinions expressed in those pronouncements might seem “obvious” to some people (to the writers at least, presumably), but the fact remains that they’re misleading at best, and in most cases just flat out wrong.




Fifty Years of Relational, and Other Database Writings


Book Description

Fifty years of relational. It’s hard to believe the relational model has been around now for over half a century! But it has—it was born on August 19th, 1969, when Codd’s first database paper was published. And Chris Date has been involved with it for almost the whole of that time, working closely with Codd for many years and publishing the very first, and definitive, book on the subject in 1975. In this book’s title essay, Chris offers his own unique perspective (two chapters) on those fifty years. No database professional can afford to miss this one of a kind history. But there’s more to this book than just a little personal history. Another unique feature is an extensive and in depth discussion (nine chapters) of a variety of frequently asked questions on relational matters, covering such topics as mathematics and the relational model; relational algebra; predicates; relation valued attributes; keys and normalization; missing information; and the SQL language. Another part of the book offers detailed responses to critics (four chapters). Finally, the book also contains the text of several recent interviews with Chris Date, covering such matters as RM/V2, XML, NoSQL, The Third Manifesto, and how SQL came to dominate the database landscape.




Database Dreaming Volume I


Book Description

Along with its companion volume (Database Dreaming Volume II), this book offers a collection of essays on the general topic of relational databases and relational database technology. Most of those essays, though not all, have been published before, but only in journals and magazines that are now hard to find or in books that are now out of print. Here’s a lightly edited excerpt from the preface (so this is the author speaking): I went back and reviewed all of those early essays, looking for ones that seemed worth reviving (or, rather, revising and reviving) at this time. Of course, some of them definitely weren’t! However, out of a total of around 130 original papers, I did find some 20 or so that seemed to me worth preserving and hadn’t already been incorporated in, or superseded by, more recent books of mine. So I tracked down the original versions of those 20 or so papers and set to work. When I was done, though, I found I had somewhere in excess of 600 pages on my hands—too much, in my view, for just one book, and so I split them across two separate volumes. Highlights of the present volume include a discussion of the difficulties involved in providing a relational interface to a nonrelational system; a tutorial on the quantifiers and what happens to them under three-valued logic; an examination of the effect of user defined types on optimization; some thoughts on normalization and database design tools; and caveats regarding certain important database operators, especially outer join and negation.




Database Dreaming Volume II


Book Description

Along with its companion volume (Database Dreaming Volume I), this book offers a collection of essays on the general topic of relational databases and relational database technology. Most of those essays, though not all, have been published before, but only in journals and magazines that are now hard to find or in books that are now out of print. Here’s a lightly edited excerpt from the preface (so this is the author speaking): I went back and reviewed all of those early essays, looking for ones that seemed worth reviving (or, rather, revising and reviving) at this time. Of course, some of them definitely weren’t! However, out of a total of around 130 original papers, I did find some 20 or so that seemed to me worth preserving and hadn’t already been incorporated in, or superseded by, more recent books of mine. So I tracked down the original versions of those 20 or so papers and set to work. When I was done, though, I found I had somewhere in excess of 600 pages on my hands—too much, in my view, for just one book, and so I split them across two separate volumes. Highlights of the present volume include a detailed explanation of the multiple assignment operator and why it’s so essential; an investigation into why object and database technologies are so much more different than they’re often made out to be; a critical examination of SQL’s support for pointers (“references”); a tutorial on the counterintuitive (but crucial) concept of tables with no columns; and an annotated and extended debate between the author and E. F. Codd, inventor of the relational model, on the subject of nulls and three-valued logic.




E. F. Codd and Relational Theory, Revised Edition


Book Description

E. F. Codd’s relational model of data has been described as one of the three greatest inventions of all time (the other two being agriculture and the scientific method), and his receipt of the 1981 ACM Turing Award, the top award in computer science, for inventing it was thoroughly deserved. The papers in which Codd first described his model were staggering in their originality; they had, and continue to have, a huge impact on just about every aspect of the way we do business in the world today. And yet few people, even in the professional database community, are truly familiar with those papers. This book—a thorough overhaul and rewrite of an earlier book by the same name—is an attempt to remedy this sorry state of affairs. In it, well known author C. J. Date provides a detailed examination of all of Codd’s major database publications, explaining the nature of his contribution in depth, and in particular highlighting not only the many things he got right but also some of the things he got wrong. Database theory and practice have evolved considerably since Codd first defined his relational model, back in 1969. This book draws on decades of experience to present the most up to date treatment of the material possible. Anyone with a professional interest in databases can benefit from the insights it contains. The book is product independent.




Database Design and Relational Theory


Book Description

Because databases often stay in production for decades, careful design is critical to making the database serve the needs of your users over years, and to avoid subtle errors or performance problems. In this book, C.J. Date, a leading exponent of relational databases, lays out the principles of good database design.




Digital Detroit


Book Description

Since the 1967 riots that ripped apart the city, Detroit has traditionally been viewed either as a place in ruins or a metropolis on the verge of rejuvenation. In Digital Detroit: Rhetoric and Space in the Age of the Network, author Jeff Rice goes beyond the notion of Detroit as simply a city of two ideas. Instead he explores the city as a web of multiple meanings which, in the digital age, come together in the city’s spaces to form a network that shapes the writing, the activity, and the very thinking of those around it. Rice focuses his study on four of Detroit’s most iconic places—Woodward Avenue, the Maccabees Building, Michigan Central Station, and 8 Mile—covering each in a separate chapter. Each of these chapters explains one of the four features of network rhetoric: folksono(me), the affective interface, response, and decision making. As these rhetorical features connect, they form the overall network called Digital Detroit. Rice demonstrates how new media, such as podcasts, wikis, blogs, interactive maps, and the Internet in general, knit together Detroit into a digital network whose identity is fluid and ever-changing. In telling Detroit’s spatial story, Rice deftly illustrates how this new media, as a rhetorical practice, ultimately shapes understandings of space in ways that computer applications and city planning often cannot. The result is a model for a new way of thinking and interacting with space and the imagination, and for a better understanding of the challenges network rhetorics pose for writing.




Date on Database


Book Description

C. J. Date is one of the founding fathers of the relational database field. Many of today’s seasoned database professionals "grew up" on Date’s writings. Those same professionals, along with other serious database students and practitioners, form the core audience for Date’s ongoing writing efforts. Date on Database: Writings 2000-2006 is a compilation of Date’s most significant articles and papers over the past seven years. It gives readers a one-stop place in which to find Date’s latest thinking on relational technology. Many papers are not easily found outside this book.




Pro Photographer's D-SLR Handbook


Book Description

Taking into account contemporary cameras' latest features, such as high resolution sensors, image stabilization, and dust reduction, Freeman thoroughly answers the most frequently asked questions about digital capture, storage, printers, and scanners. Photographers will learn the different file formats and how to save images for print and publishing on the web. They'll explore valuable software tools and basic image processing programs that fix common problems, and see how to improve pictures using an assortment of cropping and filtering techniques.




Ethical Programs


Book Description

Living in a networked world means never really getting to decide in any thoroughgoing way who or what enters your “space” (your laptop, your iPhone, your thermostat . . . your home). With this as a basic frame-of-reference, James J. Brown’s Ethical Programs examines and explores the rhetorical potential and problems of a hospitality ethos suited to a new era of hosts and guests. Brown reads a range of computational strategies and actors including the general principles underwriting the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which determines how packets of information can travel through the internet, to the Obama election campaign’s use of the power of protocols to reach voters, harvest their data, incentivize and, ultimately, shape their participation in the campaign. In demonstrating the kind of rhetorical spaces networked software establishes and the access it permits, prevents, and molds, Brown makes a major contribution to the emergent discourse of software studies as a major component of efforts in broad fields including media studies, rhetorical studies, and cultural studies.