Author : William T. Ellison
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 38,12 MB
Release : 2001
Category : Marine mammals
ISBN :
"This report provides a description of the High Frequency Marine mammal Monitoring (HF/M3) sonar system and its test and evaluation. The primary use of this system will be short-range detection of marine mammals in the vicinity of the Surveillance Towed Array Sensor System Low Frequency Active (SURTASS LFA) sonar source array for the purposes of mitigation"--Background
Author :
Publisher :
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 22,6 MB
Release : 2001
Category :
ISBN :
Author : Michael Ainslie
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 727 pages
File Size : 44,23 MB
Release : 2010-09-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 3540876626
Sonar performance modelling (SPM) is concerned with the prediction of quantitative measures of sonar performance, such as probability of detection. It is a multi-disciplinary subject, requiring knowledge and expertise in the disparate fields of underwater acoustics, acoustical oceanography, sonar signal processing and statistical detection theory. No books have been published on this subject, however, since the 3rd edition of Urick’s classic work 25 years ago and so Dr Ainslie’s book will fill a much-needed gap in the market. Currently, up-to-date information can only be found, in different forms and often with conflicting information, in various journals, conference and textbook publications. Dr Michael Ainslie is eminently qualified to write this unique book. He has worked on sonar performance modeling problems since 1983. He has written many peer reviewed research articles and conference papers related to sonar performance modeling, making contributions in the fields of sound propagation and detection theory.
Author : The Law Library
Publisher : Independently Published
Page : 70 pages
File Size : 16,72 MB
Release : 2019
Category :
ISBN : 9781793003973
The Law Library presents the complete text of the Taking and Importing Marine Mammals - Incidental to Navy Operations of Surveillance Towed Array Sensor System Low Frequency Active Sonar (US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Regulation) (NOAA) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 Upon application from the U.S. Navy (Navy), we (the National Marine Fisheries Service) are issuing regulations under the Marine Mammal Protection Act to govern the unintentional taking of marine mammals incidental to conducting operations of Surveillance Towed Array Sensor System (SURTASS) Low Frequency Active (LFA) sonar on a maximum of four naval surveillance vessels in areas of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans and the Mediterranean Sea, from the period of August 15, 2012, through August 15, 2017. These regulations: allow us to issue Letters of Authorization (LOA) for the incidental take of marine mammals during the Navy's specified activities and timeframes; set forth the permissible methods of taking; set forth other means of effecting the least practicable adverse impact on marine mammal species and their habitat; and set forth requirements pertaining to the monitoring and reporting of the incidental take. This ebook contains: - The complete text of the Taking and Importing Marine Mammals - Incidental to Navy Operations of Surveillance Towed Array Sensor System Low Frequency Active Sonar (US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Regulation) (NOAA) (2018 Edition) - A dynamic table of content linking to each section - A table of contents in introduction presenting a general overview of the structure
Author :
Publisher :
Page : 700 pages
File Size : 22,74 MB
Release : 2001
Category :
ISBN :
Author :
Publisher :
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 24,78 MB
Release : 2015
Category : Marine mammals
ISBN :
"For the actions described in this document, the action agencies are: (1) the United States Navy (U.S. Navy), which proposes to operate the SURTASS LFA sonar onboard four Tactical-Auxiliary General Ocean Surveillance (T-AGOS) vessels; and (2) NMFS Permits and Conservation Division, which proposes to issue four Letters of Authorization that would allow the U.S. Navy to 'take' marine mammals incidental to those SURTASS LFA sonar activities. The consulting agency for these proposals is NMFS Office of Protected Resources, Endangered Species Act Interagency Cooperation Division. The biological opinion (Opinion), Conference Report, and incidental take statement were prepared by NMFS Endangered Species Act Interagency Cooperation Division in accordance with section 7(b) of the ESA and implementing regulations at 50 CFR §402. This document represents NMFS' opinion on the effects of these actions on endangered and threatened species and critical habitat that has been designated for those species. A complete record of this consultation is on file at NMFS Office of Protected Resources in Silver Spring, Maryland"--Page 1-2. [Consultation Tracking number: FPR-2015-9119]. [doi:10.7289/V5HQ3X43 (https://doi.org/10.7289/V5HQ3X43)].
Author :
Publisher :
Page : 14 pages
File Size : 14,72 MB
Release : 2005
Category : Marine biology
ISBN :
The deployment of active sonar by the U.S. Navy and its potential impacts on marine mammals has been an ongoing issue of intense debate; regulatory, legislative, and judicial activity; and international concern. Some peacetime use of military sonar has been regulated under the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) and other statutes due to concerns that active military sonars are operated at frequencies used by some cetaceans (i.e., whales, porpoises, and dolphins), and their high-intensity sound pulses may travel long distances in the ocean. There is also concern that sonar transmissions of sufficiently high intensity might physically damage the hearing in cetaceans or cause them to modify their behavior in ways that are detrimental. Although mid-frequency sonar has been implicated in several beaked whale strandings, there is scientific uncertainty surrounding the totality of the effects active sonar transmissions may have on marine mammals. This report summarizes legal and political events related to active sonar and marine mammals since 1994. Prior to the late 1990s, concerns focused primarily on the use of underwater sound as a research tool. While strandings and mortality of marine mammals, primarily beaked whales, have been observed in concurrence with mid-frequency sonar operation, additional controversy has focused on the development of low-frequency active (LFA) sonar. Environmental interests are concerned with LFA sonar because low-frequency sound travels farther than mid-frequency sound and is closer in frequency to those known to be used by baleen whales. Additional questions involve how to balance obligations of the military to comply with MMPA provisions (as well as provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act and the Endangered Species Act) with national security concerns. Generally speaking, concern about the environmental effects of ocean noise is now principally focused on three activities -- military sonar exercises, oil and gas exploration, and commercial shipping. This report summarizes some of the more significant recent events pertaining to active military sonar, in particular.
Author : Victoria Todd
Publisher : Pelagic Publishing Ltd
Page : 431 pages
File Size : 48,84 MB
Release : 2015-03-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 1907807705
Marine Mammal Observer and Passive Acoustic Monitoring Handbook is the ultimate instruction manual for mitigation measures to minimise man-made acoustical and physical disturbances to marine mammals from industrial and defence activities.
Author : Sangita A. Jones
Publisher :
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 18,74 MB
Release : 1998
Category : Animal rights activists
ISBN :
Author :
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 31,36 MB
Release : 2007
Category :
ISBN :
The deployment of active sonar by the U.S. Navy and its potential impacts on marine mammals has been an ongoing issue of intense debate; regulatory, legislative, and judicial activity; and international concern. Some peacetime use of military sonar has been regulated under the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) and other statutes due to concerns that active military sonars are operated at frequencies used by some cetaceans (i.e., whales, porpoises, and dolphins), and their highintensity sound pulses may travel long distances in the ocean. There is also concern that sonar transmissions of sufficiently high intensity might physically damage the hearing in cetaceans or cause them to modify their behavior in ways that are detrimental. Although mid-frequency sonar has been implicated in several beaked whale strandings, there is scientific uncertainty surrounding the totality of the effects active sonar transmissions may have on marine mammals. This report summarizes legal and political events related to active sonar and marine mammals since 1994. Prior to the late 1990s, concerns focused primarily on the use of underwater sound as a research tool. While strandings and mortality of marine mammals, primarily beaked whales, have been observed in concurrence with mid-frequency sonar operation, additional controversy has focused on the development of low-frequency active (LFA) sonar. Environmental interests are concerned with LFA sonar because low-frequency sound travels farther than midfrequency sound and is closer in frequency to those known to be used by baleen whales. Additional questions involve how to balance obligations of the military to comply with MMPA provisions (as well as provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act and the Endangered Species Act) with national security concerns. In 2003, Congress passed P.L. 108-136, wherein §319 amended the MMPA to authorize exemptions from restrictions on harassing and otherwise taking marine mammals for "national defense." Generally speaking, concern about the environmental effects of ocean noise is now principally focused on three activities -- military sonar exercises, oil and gas exploration, and commercial shipping. This report summarizes some of the more significant recent events pertaining to active military sonar, in particular.
