Mössbauer Spectroscopy Applied to Inorganic Chemistry


Book Description

In 1988 the Mossbauer effect community completed 30 years of continual contribution to the fields of nuclear physics, solid state science, and a variety of related disciplines. To celebrate this anniversary, Professor Gonser of the Universitat des Saarlandes has contributed a chapter to this volume on the history of the effect. Although Mossbauer spectroscopy has reached its mature years, the chapters in this volume illustrate that it is still a dynamic field of science with applications to topics ranging from permanent magnets to biologi cal mineralization. During the discussion of a possible chapter for this volume, a potential author asked, "Do we really need another Mossbauer book?" The editors responded in the affirmative because they believe that a volume of this type offers several advantages. First, it provides the author with an opportunity to write a personal view of the subject, either with or without extensive pedagogic content. Second, there is no artificially imposed restriction on length. In response to the question, "How long should my chapter be?," we have responded that it should be as long as is necessary to clearly present, explain, and evaluate the topic. In this type of book, it is not necessary to condense the topic into two, four, or eight pages as is now so often a requirement for publication in the research literature.




Preparation of Solid Catalysts


Book Description

Solid catalysts play a fundamental role in all areas between basic research and industrial applications. This book offers a large amount of information about the preparation of solid catalysts. All types of solid catalysts and all important aspects of their preparation are discussed. The highly topical contributions are written by leading experts in disciplines ranging from solid state, interface and solution chemistry to industrial engineering. The straightforward presentation of the material and the comprehensive coverage make this book an essential and indispensible tool for every scientist and engineer working with solid catalysts.




Multifunctional Oxide-Based Materials: From Synthesis to Application


Book Description

The book deals with novel aspects and perspectives in metal oxide and hybrid material fabrication. The contributions are mainly focused on the search for a new group of advanced materials with designed physicochemical properties, especially an expanded porous structure and defined surface activity. The proposed technological procedures result in an enhanced activity of the synthesized hybrid materials, which is of great importance when considering their potential fields of application. The use of such materials in different technological disciplines, including aspects associated with environmental protection, allows for the verification of the proposed synthesis method. Thus, it can be stated that those aspects are of interdisciplinary character and may be located at the interface of three scientific disciplines—chemistry, materials science, and engineering—as well as environmental protection. Furthermore, the presented scientific scope is in some way an answer to the continuous demand for such types of materials and opens new perspectives for their practical use




Cerium Oxide (CeO2): Synthesis, Properties and Applications


Book Description

Cerium Oxide (CeO2): Synthesis, Properties and Applications provides an updated and comprehensive account of the research in the field of cerium oxide based materials. The book is divided into three main blocks that deal with its properties, synthesis and applications. Special attention is devoted to the growing number of applications of ceria based materials, including their usage in industrial and environmental catalysis and photocatalysis, energy production and storage, sensors, cosmetics, radioprotection, glass technology, pigments, stainless steel and toxicology. A brief historical introduction gives users background, and a final chapter addresses future perspectives and outlooks to stimulate future research. The book is intended for a wide audience, including students, academics and industrial researchers working in materials science, chemistry and physics. - Addresses a wide range of applications of ceria-based materials, including catalysis, energy production and storage, sensors, cosmetics and toxicology - Provides the fundamentals of ceria-based materials, including synthesis methods, materials properties, toxicology and surface chemistry - Includes nanostructured ceria-based materials and a discussion of future prospects and outlooks




Nanoporous Alumina


Book Description

This book gives detailed information about the fabrication, properties and applications of nanoporous alumina. Nanoporous anodic alumina prepared by low-cost, simple and scalable electrochemical anodization process due to its unique structure and properties have attracted several thousand publications across many disciplines including nanotechnology, materials science, engineering, optics, electronics and medicine. The book incorporates several themes starting from the understanding fundamental principles of the formation nanopores and theoretical models of the pore growth. The book then focuses on describing soft and hard modification techniques for surface and structural modification of pore structures to tailor specific sensing, transport and optical properties of nano porous alumina required for diverse applications. These broad applications including optical biosensing, electrochemical DNA biosensing, molecular separation, optofluidics and drug delivery are reviewed in separated book chapters. The book appeals to researchers, industry professionals and high-level students.




Layered Double Hydroxides


Book Description

Layered double hydroxides are one of the variety of names given to a family of layered materials first discovered in Sweden in 1842. These materials are interesting because their layer cations can be changed among a wide selection, and the interlayer anion can also be (nearly) freely chosen. Like cationic clays, they can be pillared and can exchange interlayer species -- thus increasing applications and making new routes to derivatives. The principle areas of application include catalyst support, anion scavengers, polymer stabilisers, and antacids. In the last several years, reviews and studies of LDHs have dealt with these uses. This book aims to update the current body of LDH knowledge from a wide array of views. The first section addresses the synthesis and physiochemical characterisation of these materials, and section two focuses on the applications of LDHs.




Alumina


Book Description

This is the third book in the new series "Material Research and Engineering", devoted to the science and technology of materials. "MRE" evolves from a previous series on "Reine und Angewandte Metallkunde", which was edited by Werner Koster until his eightieth birthday in 1976. For the new series, the presentation as well as the scope had to be modified. In particular, the scientific and technological links between volumes on metallic, non-metallic, and composite materials should reflect the successful development of materials science and engineering within the last two decades. Thus, the material provided by Dorre and Hlibner for the present volume is partic ularly welcome. Alumina as a ceramic material has received very large attention as an object of scientific investigation in all of its aspects. Additionally, it plays a leading role as a nonmetallic material in many fields of technical appli cation. This book deals with both aspects: in Chapter 2 (physical properties) and 3 (me chanical properties), H. Hlibner presents an outstanding documentation of what one might call the science of alumina, based on 560 literature references and 15 years of personal experience gained from experimental and theoretical work in university laboratories in Erlangen, Rio de Janeiro, and Hamburg. In Chapter 4 (fabrication) and 5 (applications), E.




Novel Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Materials


Book Description

Nanostructured materials have been largely studied in the last few years. They have great potential of applications in different fields such as materials science, physics, chemistry, biology, mechanic and medicine. Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured materials is a subject of great interest involving science, market, politicians, government and society. Based on results obtained by the authors' research group during the past decade, this book comes to present novel techniques to synthesize nanostructured materials and characterize their properties such as crystallinity and crystallite size, specific surface area, particle size, morphology and catalytic activity. This book is aimed for students, researchers and engineers searching for methodologies to obtain and characterize nanostructures in details.




Trends in Manufacturing and Engineering Management


Book Description

This book comprises select papers presented at the International Conference on Mechanical Engineering Design (ICMechD) 2019. The volume focuses on the different design aspects involved in manufacturing, composite materials processing as well as in engineering management. A wide range of topics such as control and automation, mechatronics, robotics, composite and nanomaterial design, and welding design are covered here. The book also discusses current research in engineering management on topics like products, services and system design, optimization in design, manufacturing planning and control, and sustainable product design. Given the range of the contents, this book will prove useful to students, researchers and practitioners.




Optically Stimulated Luminescence


Book Description

Optically stimulated luminescence has developed into one of the leading optical techniques for the measurement and detection of ionizing radiation. This text covers, in a readable manner, advanced modern applications of the technique, how it can play a useful role in different areas of dosimetry and how to approach the challenges presented when working with optically stimulated luminescence. The six chapters are as follows: Introduction, including a short history of OSL and details of successful applications Theory and Practical Aspects Personal Dosimetry Space Dosimetry Medical Dosimetry Other Applications and Concepts, including retrospective and accident dosimetry, environmental monitoring and UV dosimetry Throughout the book, the underlying theory is discussed on an as-needed basis for a complete understanding of the phenomena, but with an emphasis of the practical applications of the technique. The authors also give background information and relevant key references on each method, inviting the reader to explore deeper into the subject independently. Postgraduates, researchers, and those involved with radiation dosimetry will find this book particularly useful. The material is both relevant and accessible for both specialists and those new to the field, therefore is fundamental to any academic interested in modern advances of the subject.